Magetsi ari magasi

For conductors simbi uye electrolytes kutsamira pane kuitika pamusoro voltage ndiko Linear, r. E. The kuitika mune conductors izvi kunowedzera kuenderana voltage. Zvikuru kuoma mitemo conduction mune magasi. Funga magetsi ari magasi kuyerera pasi pokudzora ane kwokunze ionizer.

Achitaura chiitiko. Tora capacitor uye akamurairawo nayo paakasika kusawirirana pakati ndiro dzayo. An electrometer kwakabatana kuti capacitor mahwendefa, nguva dzose zvinoratidza zvakafanana voltage: saka mhepo iri kuipa ezvinhu, ndiyo insulator, kureva harina vakasununguka mhosva nezvimedu ...

mweya Vnesom rambi kana dzakavhenekera machisi munzvimbo pakati mbiri capacitor kwamahwendefa. Tinoona kuti voltage huripo pakati pavo ipfupi, kuti capacitor iri pauri, saka, magetsi pakati kwamahwendefa. Izvi zvose zvinoratidza kuti mhepo pakati mahwendefa pasi Zvakaitwa murazvo vakanga kuremedzwa inoramba. Chii chavanoita vanomirira?

Ndezvomuzvarirwo kuti tisafunge kuti inoramba yakadaro mhosva mhepo mamorekuru, izvo pasi pokudzora womoto akawana mhosva yemagetsi, uye kukava ions akatanga kufamba nenzira wemagetsi munda pakati mahwendefa, ndinosika magetsi ari magasi, izvo zvakazoita kuti vasanyanye voltage pamusoro capacitor kwamahwendefa.

By nokungwarira tsvakurudzo zvave kuwanikwa kuti mutakuri dzemagetsi mhosva vari gasi vari ions uye maerekitironi kuti dzinoitika gasi somugumisiro yokuwana ionizing mumiririri.

Ionizers vari rimi, maekisirei, kuti mwaranzi chaibwinya nokuda radioactive zvinhu. Chero ionizer, kuti chero mavambo ndiro, anokwanisa kuumba rino kwenguva yakati imwe mari zvakanaka uye kunaka ions.

Pasi zvinoitwa ane ionizing gasi mamorekuru vanorasikirwa maerekitironi uye kuva chokwadi mhosva ions. Akasunungura maerekitironi Chekutanga, vanova vatakuri yemagetsi mutariri, uye chepiri kujoina kwazvakarerekera mamorekuru kana maatomu yokuumba ions, izvo okusafarira mhosva. Sezvo gasi munogona muchimiro vakasununguka madzoro maerekitironi uye ions vose nezviratidzo, t. E. Magetsi ari magasi ose.

Mhosva muviri, ari ionized gasi, chinokwezva vakasununguka mhosva pakatarisana chiratidzo, izvo neutralized mhosva pamusoro muviri, naro riri pauri.

The gasi hakuitiki tiite mukati avo electrodes, sezvakaita iri electrolytes, sezvo ionization pamusoro gasi mamorekuru havana dziparare; vanorasikirwa kana chete kuda pacharo maerekitironi.

Gas ions pedyo electrode, mhosva raakapiwa avo akatendeukira kupinda kwazvakarerekera mamorekuru kana maatomu uye diffuse kunyika gasi. Chete electrolyte ions kuuya kuna electrodes, kana electrodes vari rakachengetedzwa pamusoro hukawanika, kana kupinda nemakemikari.

Kana ions uye vakasununguka maerekitironi achiumbwa munyika gasi vari yemagetsi kusango, ivo wana achitaura kufamba. Kubva ichi zvinoreva kuti nhamba zvemagetsi kuitika mune magasi - ndiko hova maviri mhosva nezvimedu, mumwe icho anoenda anode uye mumwe - kusvikira cathode. Ari achiperekedzwa akatevedzana pachangu mananara. Izvi zvinosanganisira dzakasiyana gasi apo hwihwinyara zvinoerera - kubva kusimba, kwangopera kuoneka sokupenya waya soro voltage kuti anodzimaidza kudzvokora arcing uye chikuru nokupenya kwemheni. The zvemagetsi kuitika mu nhau (zvikukutu conductors, electrolytes) haakonzeri akadaro mananara.

Pakupedzisira, apo gasi iyeye anogona kuchengetwa uye yakananga nemakemikari pasina nzvimbo pasi dzose ezvinhu: paumbwe senitrogen oxides uye cyanogen mumhepo, paumbwe mamorekuru mu monatomic magasi, uye vamwe.