Matangi Hondo Yenyika II, American. Sei ane matangi chii vanotarira akaita ikozvino?

Pasinei nokuti brunt kuti kuvhunduka nevarwi Wehrmacht akatora pamusoro Red Army uye Soviet vanhu, kuti US vatsigiri vachiri akakwanisa kuita zvimwe kurwa. Chokwadi, avo hondo (zvokuti haana kutaura matsva blockbusters) yakazokudziridzwa kunyanya munharaunda yePacific.

Munzira dzakawanda, vokuJapan nokuputsa nemishonga uye zvakakomba mari pamwe Zvipire-Lease akavabatsira Matangi of Second World War. motokari American vasiri pamwe kuzivikanwa, asi vamwe vavo vakanga kusiyaniswa waivako zvakanaka.

chiedza matangi

Yandakapiwa kunozivikanwa injiniya Christie sezvo nguva aiva American, hazvishamisi zhinji chiedza Matangi muUnited States. Kwave zvina, pasingaverengwi yekutenga yakawanda-siyana okunatsiridza.

M3 "Stuart"

Izvi American chiedza Matangi vakasikwa 1940, uye waishandiswa sechiratidzo nechimwe "aifamba nemabhiza" M1 uye M2A4 chiedza tangi. The marongerwo aiva chaiwo: MTO yaiva rwemberi chassis, vashandi vemo mupanda uye chidhiraivho dzaiva pakati muchina, vaitungamirira chinotenderera muNzvimbo mhino.

The chassis aishandiswa hwokufananidzira American mhinduro panguva: mana duku mapatya rollers kurutivi rumwe norumwe, uyewo gozvo engoro, kusimba pamwe matsime simba. The Hull uye turret zvakagadzirwa zvavo Pepa zvombo nokuda nomoto uye riveting. Chombo - shanu "Browning" pamusoro 7,62 mm uye 37 mm caliber kanoni.

okupedzisira nadzurudzo M3A3 ake, yakabudiswa muna 1942. Panzvimbo shanu zvigwagwagwa akasiya matatu chete. In kugadzirwa ari muenzaniso kushandiswa kunyanya nomoto, dzokurwa machira vakanga varonga ndaisagona materu. It anonzi kupfuura zhinji chiedza tangi munyika, nokuti mune chete nomudzimai makore akasunungurwa motokari dzinenge 24 zviuru. A yakawanda "Stuart" wanunurwa kuna USSR pasi Zvipire-Lease. Mune dzimwe nyika South America, "oldies" aigona kuonekwa mubasa kusvikira 90s remakore rechi20.

M5 "Stewart"

Zviri pakuzadzisa pfungwa dziri zvakawanda M3A3. In musimboti, bazi iri America Matangi zvavo Ndizvo chaizvo, sezvo mainjiniya vakaedza kushandisa chete nekusimba mhinduro (vakawanda production). Mubasa achiri chete 37 mm pfuti uye zvitatu "Browning" pamusoro 7,62 mm. Panguva iyi pfuti akanga nepokuongorora stabilizer mutsetse nokuona.

Tank vangasimudzira vakasiyana aizotangira itsva simba chirimwa, akapa vane maviri V serin'i peturu injini mura kutonhora, namaapuro idzva muna Hull zvose uye turret, uyewo itsva kudzora mano.

M22 "Locust"

Muna 1944, tichitarisa kudiwa kwokukurumidzira kuenda neherikoputa mapoka yake dzokurwa yakazokudziridzwa ndokugamuchirwa ari M22 "Locust". Pfungwa, US chiedza Matangi akasiyana zvishoma kubva M3. The marongerwo dzinoramba zvachose kufanana, hutachiwana, gozvo uye nemotokari rollers dziri pamberi panyaya, kuparadzana vaunoshanda - pakati, uye injini vakanga riri pakupedzisira.

Rakanga akazoongororazve chete powerplant kugadzira chose, sezvo zvakanga vaishandisa-humburumbira matanhatu peturu injini aiva monyorora chinjikira humburumbira urongwa. Zvinonzi akabvumira kuti yose tangi iduku zvikuru, achidzikisa ayo siluetti uye uchitikurudzira miganhu. The pfuti kumbochinja. The nzvimbo umhare rollers takazvisiyirwa kubva M3. idlers chete vakaitwa zvikuru muhombe, aiwanzopiwa wokushanda pamwe yakakwirira-unhu matsime.

M24 "Chaffee"

Matangi aya American Hondo Yenyika II yakatanga wakabudiswa muna 1944. Tichifunga rethinking basa chiedza Matangi zvaishandiswa zvikurukuru somunhu ushori uye kumhara. Vaiva yakawanda zvikamu uye zvinoumba M3 uye M5 (hydraulic batira uye gearbox vakatorwa zvachose), asi mukati wawo uye chombo zvinoshamisa zvakasiyana kubva zvose zvayo vamutangira. The Hull uye turret vakaitwa chete welded nenzira. dzokurwa machira vanosarudzirwa panguva pamakona yakaderera sezvinobvira.

In rokumusoro kumberi uye kumashure akaitwa muhombe madhoo kuti upenyu nyore kugadzirisa nhengo. nguva ino rakashandiswa nokuda majoko mashanu rollers uye munhu kuturika torsion mhando. The huru Chishandiso raiva simba 75 mm pfuti. Sezvo zvakanga aiwanzopiwa wokushanda 7.62-mm pfuti Browning. Chimwe pfuti zvakafanana akanga akatasva pamberi chikamu tangi. Denga vakatanga vakatasva 12.7 mm antiaircraft pfuti Browning M2NV. Kuna vachiridzira pamusoro pfuti rakanga munoreva, akashandisa hydraulic stabilizer hurongwa mhando "Westinghouse".

Medium matangi

Vaiva zvakawanda yakavimbika, nani warrior dzehondo of Second World War. motokari American ari muchikwata ichi vakaita zita nokuda "Sherman", iro aidiwa uye masoja edu. How kuwana vakamborwa akarwa pamusoro Union unyanzvi, raiva T-34 muna Large shanduro. Zvisinei, zvinhu zvokutanga pakutanga.

M3 "Grant"

Yokutanga svikiro tangi, mukanyiwa unopinda basa. Kazhinji M3 "Grant" yakavhiringidzika pamwe M3 "Stuart". Chokwadi, American dzehondo (mufananidzo uri mukati paper) anotaura makirasi akasiyana zvachose. The chikuru Pakanzi iri-pamwero matatu (!) The nzvimbo zvombo. The sponson pamusoro rapazasi weDanho, chakagadzwa 75 mm pamwe Gun angled hunotaura vertically 32 inegumi.

Panhurikidzwa yechipiri - the turret 37 mm pfuti uye kosi pfuti. Wechitatu pamwero chinomiririrwa mumwe chete pfuti turret iyo zvaibvira zvinobudirira kudzvinyirira zvose pasi uye kuenda neherikoputa kushungurudza. Saka, kuvandudzwa American Matangi (uye Soviet panguva) vakatevera nzira kuwedzera uwandu shongwe, asi ichi kuitika nokukurumidza kuwanikwa kuti yakakanganiswa.

Kuti tenderera ari turret pamwe 37 mm pfuti raigona kushandiswa kwete chete zvemaziso, asiwo hydraulic tikachirega. Vertical pfuti kunge zvavakatemerwa chete vachishandisa zvokuimba tikachirega. Telescopic zvisakamboonekwa pakuongorora mano wakaumbwa prismatic muenzaniso. Panguva zvaAtemisi kushandiswa Kudzingwa, nomoto uye riveting. Tower, sponson, uye wose nechemberi vakakandirwa.

Somugumisiro, mashoko dzehondo American 2 nyika akatendeuka zvikuru hazvigutsi: simba dzokurwa, kunyanya kureba, isiri nzvimbo dzokurwa, neyamapani maitiro stellate injini ndege (izvo vanotogara kukwana).

Pasinei hombe uwandu zvombo firepower zvinobatsira yakanga yakaderera chaizvo. By kurema motokari zvainge kufanana kune "Tiger" German, asi kurwa kubudirira kwakanga pachiyero chiedza tangi.

Zvisinei, tangi vachiri massively yakabereka kubva 1939 kusvika 1942, kusvikira akatanga massively ne M4 - inobudirira Matangi of Second World War. American muchina chizvarwa ichi zvaiva nani zvikuru.

M4 "Sherman"

Most vakawanda evaMedhia American tangi, vakanga vakabata vose vokuAmerica uye Britain Dzvuku Army. Ekupedzisira akanga massively pasi Zvipire-Lease. Very siyana marongerwo uye chombo gadziriro kubva yapfuura michina. The marongerwo umhare nesimba chikwata uye kuturika zvikuru zvakaramba zvakadaro, sezvo vari hondo kunodiwa kuchengetedza dzakakwirira kugadzirwa prices. Zvichida zvakanga zvakanakisisa American tangi.

The chassis yave vaitevedzera M3 zvachose. Zvisinei, kunze mhando makare zvingoro vakanga vachiri kuvanzwira tsitsi dzakachinjwa kuturika: saka ikozvino kutsigira rollers zvakabatanidzwa pakupedzisira. Anoshongwa Zvaiitirwa vachishandisa nomoto uye / kana kurashwa. Nechemberi kubva welded uye kuumbwa pagondobwe nomoto uye kanoni caliber 75 mm akanga akatasva mune shongwe, akaita kungotaurwa vachikanda.

Pakutanga, matangi izvi American (yaifananidzira pamusoro) kuisa injini "Continental" ine mhepo-dzaserera mhando, asi vari massively ukapedza avhiyesheni indasitiri, asi nekuti vokuAmerica nguva dzose aifanira kutsvaka nzira marudzi injini. Somugumisiro, nhamba Serial nadzurudzo zvinoshamisa kwakawedzera. M4 "Sherman" akabvunza kuti vashandi vanhu vashanu. Pazvipfuwo kwematangi akarwa iyi "wokumwe motokari", mota chakabereka wongororo zvakanaka.

Kwematangi, mabudisiro okugadziridza unhu chomukati uye zvokudya (uyewo Whisky and midzanga zvakanaka), iyo inenge yakazara mumotokari sechipo. vakawanda kuponeswa sezvo viscous nadzo iyo (akasiyana T-34) haana chiwondomoke kunyange kana kupinda kwayo pane waidzivirira vashandi kubva maronda yakadzikiswa kure nezvidimbu tsvina.

inorema matangi

Oddly zvakakwana, uto kare vakawanda vanofunga kuti US inorema Matangi hariko pfungwa. Chete "Pershing", iro kwainzi rinorema tangi, kurema, zvikuru muduku "Tiger" German. Zvisinei, takanga anenge zvinhu chete. Mhinduro iri nyore - the Wehrmacht warrior motokari muboka kubudikidza caliber, uye isu uye vokuAmerica - yawo vakawanda.

tangi M6

Nyaya zvakawanda dzino duku mumakore 1941 uye 1942. On maoko pakarepo akamira pfuti mbiri: 76,2 mm uye 37 mm cannons akabatanidzwa. Uyezve, akashongedzerwa vatatu inorema zvigwagwagwa. The kuturika yakashandiswa sezvo vaviri vaviri mana kaviri rollers duku.

Paiva shanduro nhatu, kubva pakutanga yaiva kuitwa zvokukanda dzimba, asi vakabva Kutamiswa chete kumusoro-yepamusoro nomoto, sezvamakaropafadzwa kwete vose Matangi ose Second World War. motokari American munhau iyi nokure epamba zvombo.

Akashandiswa hydromechanical simba yedzimudzangara uye yemagetsi mhando. The shongwe yakaitwa chete vachikanda. Yokufudza zvikuru zveufende uye kusagadzikana hunyambiri pfuti mugadziriro, seri shongwe aifanira zvakakomba mazhinji. womubati cupola akanga akapa, uye negomo kuti kuwedzera imwe antiaircraft pfuti.

Kunyengetedzana kushandisa nokururamisira yepamusoro redhiyo uye munyika paintercom hurongwa, wakasikwa maererano wake. Kazhinji, magadzirirwo akanga pachena kundikana: zvombo hworudzi urwu tangi simba dzokurwa akanga dzakaonda, uye kukwirira - yakakurisa. Uye 40 chete vamapoka michina idzva rave akasunungura nekuti zvose, uye ari motokari "inorema" vachishandisa M26.

Tank M26 "Pershing"

Matangi aya American Hondo Yenyika II vakagamuchirwa muna 1944. Pakutanga zvaiva kirasi inorema Matangi (achirasikirwa pane zvinhu zvose German michina mukirasi iyi), asi nokuda kushayikwa zvombo simba achakurumidza "demoted" pakati. Taiva guru matani 41,5. Housing welded, vakaungana kubva makagadzirira akagadzirwa castings uye zvikamu. Pazasi - muchimwiro serin'i. The mberi pekugara chikamu chinoitwa Kudzingwa, ine ndaisagona materu hukawanika. The shongwe ane elongated chimiro, akagovera womubati cupola negomo Anti-ndege "Browning".

Kana chassis, ari chaiwo torsion pakapuranga kuturika uye matanhatu njanji rollers yaishandiswa. Kuti chassis achakudzwa kwematangi chaizvo, sezvo waiva chaizvo rakavimbika. Engine - peturu sere "Ford", rinoreva GAF-V mhando. Kutonhora fluid kutapurirwa - hydro. Inoita tangi refu kumhanyisa mwero uye kwazvo kumeso.

The chikuru Chishandiso 90 mm M3 pfuti kubva izvo armor- kuboora projectiles akabhururuka ari kumhanya 810 m / s. Uyezve vakapakata peya 7,62 mm zvigwagwagwa, mumwe yaiva Student aiwanzopiwa wokushanda pamwe pfuti. Neshongwe wakaiswa 12.7 mm Anti-ndege pfuti. Ndaiva quadrant-goniometer unokubvumira zvikuru yakarurama kupfura kubva namahwindo nzvimbo. M26 akakwanisa kutora chikamu mune mukunopera Hondo Yenyika II. Chete anenge mumwe uye chiuru hafu motokari dzakabudiswa.

The mamiriro ezvinhu

Matangi Modern American hadziwirirani dzavo vamutangira. kukura zvavakaprofita zvokutora simba nyanzvi German. The kuitika "Abrams" ane mukuru Profile, uye hombe dzokurwa zabronevogo yakawanda nzvimbo. Kusiyana Matangi the World Second, ane runako ine chimiro uye nezvombo simba, iyo yakavakirwa 120 mm dzichapambwa pfuti. Musiyano mukuru kubva ayo vamutangira ndiyo dzekare kuturika uye gasi-turbine injini.

Nokudaro, matangi ano American noWokumusorosoro zvavo vamutangira chete zvishoma.