Mavakirwo guta enhoroondo: tsananguro uye nhoroondo. Mavakirwo guta rinokosha uye ano

Kufamba mumigwagwa yekare ane musha, kamwe zvakare nechokwadi kuti mavakirwo veguta enhoroondo - unyanzvi. Grade 9 - nguva ino, apo mudzidzi mumwe nomumwe ane mukana riongorore inonakidza kosi "World Art Culture". Just pasi payo uye ajaira penyaya. The mapurani zviri munhau uye guta ano? Izvi zvichakurukurwa munyaya nyaya yedu.

City & Town Planning

City - ichi ndicho chisikwa kupfuura pfungwa dzevanhu, chikuru injini kukura chero munzvimbo yacho uye mamiriro. Zvinonzi pfungwa mumaguta chinonyanya penya pfungwa kuti vaunze pfungwa itsva uye zvigadzirwa.

Guta rakasiyana nemamwe misha pedyo mamwe maitiro. kudzidza zvaisanganisira sainzi dzomumaguta zvidzidzo. Asi dzidziso uye tsika rwekuronga uye madhorobha kukura - ndiwo munda mumaguta pakukura zvido.

Urban kuronga - ndiro basa mazano uye kuveza dzomumaguta hurongwa, avo rokuvakazve uye uvandudze kwevanhu mhenyu nzvimbo.

Mavakirwo guta enhoroondo ( "Art", giredhi 9)

Chii chinonzi "guta rinokosha"? Ndezvipi zvachiri uye sei zvakasiyana aripo?

Mutemo "On Protection uye Kushandiswa usingazungunuke Monuments of History uye Culture" anobata pfungwa ichi sezvinotevera: muguta rinokosha - musha uyu, iyo ine vakawanda tsika nhaka nzvimbo. Zvingava yekare matongo nzvimbo, sculpted pazvivako, mapurani ensembles uye zvinhu meimba yekare.

Mumaguta kare, sezvo mutemo, pane tsika zvivako zvakawanda zvinowanikwa nzanga imwe ukoshi: .. Historical, aesthetic, etc. Chimwe chinhu chinoratidza nemisha kwakadaro ndechokuti mukati kwavari akachengetedzwa akwegura (nhoroondo) marongerwo migwagwa uye dzinoungana.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti nhoroondo guta - hazvisi chete mavakirwo uye tsika, asi vanhu vayo. Kureva, vanhu pachavo yakatarwa kwavo netsika, tsika, nemafungiro kuupenyu. Kwidza nyaya iri izwi rinogona kunzi imwe guta somunhu wenhoroondo, National uye remunharaunda chaiyo.

The Musoro "Architecture nhau guta" akadzidzisa mugiredhi rechi9 rokusekondari, sezvo chikamu kosi "MCC" (tsika nyika).

In Russia nhasi mune 41 kugarwa pamwe mamiriro guta dzakaitika. Pakati pavo - muMoscow, St. Petersburg, Vladimir, Derbent, Kostroma, Suzdal nevamwe.

Mavakirwo guta enhoroondo: huru zviri

Architecture - ndiwo kupfuura kubatsira chimiro ounyanzvi. Murume akatanga kuvaka dzimba pachavo kubva munguva dzekare. Nokuti ichi akashandisa zvinhu zvaiva imwe nzvimbo. Nokuti vakachengeteka zvikonzero, musha run-kubva miseve kana masvingo, nembariro inodiwa.

Mavakirwo guta enhoroondo kuMadokero hwakasiyana yekudyidzana kubva chirongwa kana okumabvazuva maguta ekare. Wokupedzisira zvinogoneka organically aenderane wepo landscape, iyo hwakada akasungirirwa yakapoteredza kumaruwa. Chinhu chinokosha pakusarudza nzvimbo yeramangwana muguta hwakapiwa aesthetic chokuita. Zvechokwadi, mune yaMakoronike yekare munhu anogona kazhinji kuwana mashoko akafanana: "... uye dzvuku gwapa, uye vanodiwa, asi sozhizhet Hradec".

Zvimwe zvaidiwa zvakasiyana mapurani uye guta rinokosha kuMabvazuva. Pakati rokumabvazuva kugarwa kushongedzera munzvimbo ine chechi uye madrasah - chikoro chokudzidzisa vadzidzisi uye vashumiri. Nzvimbo inokosha iri kuronga kweguta anopiwawo ari caravanserai - nzvimbo kutengesa mumigwagwa.

Unhu European maguta munhoroondo

mumadhorobha ekuronga tsika kare, kuMiddle Ages uye Renaissance vakanga vakasiyana. Muenzaniso unoshamisa muguta rekare muna Europe anogona kunzi sezvo ari Acropolis muAthens. Mumazuva iwayo chimwe yokugara akatanga kuvaka nzvimbo temberi yakanaka ive yakakwirira. Around pagomo dzvene ichi dzakaiswa mumigwagwa, nzvimbo yaiva rectangular.

A chaiwo Ages guta - musha, kudzivirirwa nevanhu masvingo simba ne shongwe uye moats wakazadzwa nemvura. Pakati guta akakombwa akavaka Church uye huru muguta horo.

Munguva iri Renaissance guta akavaka pasi zano itsva. Mumigwagwa vari perpendicular peiko, asi kuguma inokosha wavo kuposita zvaasingakanganwi mapurani hurongwa kana ensembles nezvivakwa kunokudzwa. Panzira, maererano algorithm ichi guta Russian pamusoro Saint Petersburg yakavakwa.

Zvakakurukurwa mavakirwo guta ano

In mapurani ano, akashandisa mazano zvachose itsva uye siyana nzvimbo sangano. Saka, pakutanga ramakumi remakore, paiva zvitaera itsva mapurani - constructivism uye functionalism, inotsvaka maximize anoitwa zvivako uye ezvirevo.

Nhasi, guta akavaka muenzaniso uye zvikuru yakafanana nemumwe dzimba. Pakuvamba mumaguta akanga soro spiers ose Gothic machechi, nhasi ndiro hofisi shongwe nekongiri uye negirazi. New zvokuvakisa achibvumira kunonyanyisa hanya zvose kuvakwa zvivako.

Sei ano mavakirwo pamusoro mupfungwa munhu? Nyanzvi dzakawanda vanoti zvikuru kunaka, vachisimbisa kuti arashikirwa chose chinzvimbo chayo sezvo zvokunamata uye aesthetic zvoupenyu hwavo hwevanhu. Zvechokwadi, zvakaoma chaizvo kunakidzwa mavakirwo XXI remakore. Faceless pfumbu zvivako, kuwandisa kwemotokari mumigwagwa, refu kongiri inodiwa, rikwanise yokushomeka zvinomera - izvi zvose, maererano vanachiremba, anosika zvisingafadzi., hasha zvakatipoteredza upenyu hwevanhu.

mhedziso

Zvino kuti munoziva zvinhu musiyano mavakirwo guta rinokosha. "Art iri ibwe uye ruzha" - ndiwo sei zvokudetemba kurondedzera gadziriro chivakwa nemisha. Chaizvo unyanzvi kuti kunoda okusika nesimba uye ruzivo rukuru.

Mavakirwo guta enhoroondo (Grade 9) - zvikuru dzinonakidza musoro. kuronga rikurumidze uye kuvakwa nemisha yaiva yakasiyana akasiyana munhoroondo epochs.