Mazita nzira. Kudzidza Pedigree

Pedigree wetsvakurudzo kuitwa nomunhu kubva munguva dzekare. Muna 18-19 emakore kuongorora zvokurwara kwevanhu (chirwere) zvakatanga kushandiswa nevakawanda. Saka, ndakatanga kuumba nokunyora tsvakurudzo nzira. Zvadaro, kuvandudzika kwakaitika ari mutsetse yokukweva pedigrees uye kutsvaka nzira zvinozadzisa Statistical kuongorora yaivapo mashoko.

Clinico-dzemadzinza nzira - nzira kudzidza pedigrees, kushandiswa izvo zvinoita kuti tikwanise kuronda kugovera hosha mumhuri kana mhuri kana iwe kutaridzwa mhando ukama pakati nhengo dzavo.

Shanduro iyi iri kuongorora zviri kuonekwa nokudenga. Mazita nzira inoshandiswa kugadzirisa matambudziko yokungotaura zvikuru. Kunyanya, nzira inoshandiswa pakudzidza:

- achitanga mu nhaka unhu;

- kuziva mhando nhaka chirwere kana unhu;

- Evaluation penetrance (maitikiro kuratidzwa) Gene;

- ongorora Mapping muitiro (kusarudza Gene nzvimbo hama kune mumwe ari chromosome), uye majini batira;

- kusimba chidzidzo mutation muitiro;

- decoding zvenhengo iyo inobva kukurukurirana majini.

In mushonga ano, tinoziva vazhinji nemagene abnormalities. Ndokusaka purogiramu yokudzidza nevakadzi zvose pamuviri nekuda matanhatu nhaka zvirwere. Idzi dzinosanganisira:

- phenylketonuria;

- Down kuti urwere;

- vachiberekwa hypothyroidism ;

- androgenitalny urwere;

- galactosemia;

- cystic fibrosis.

Mazita nzira inogona mune zvimwe zviitiko kuva chete nenzira iyo inogona kuona mhando nhaka chirwere mumhuri, kuti azive yezvakaita zvokurwara kuongorora fungidziro chirwere, differential chirwere kupedza nevamwe zvirwere nhaka. Uyezve, kushandisa kutsvakurudza nzira kunoita kuti iwe ngaaverenge mukana yokuberekwa vana vanorwara, uyewo vakasarudzwa zvakakwana uye yakakodzera nezviyero kuti pamuviri nechirwere, dziviriro, kurapwa, vapore uye kwadzakabva.

Mazita nzira kunosanganisira kwegadziriro Pedigree uye mufananidzo kwayo kwakajeka.

Nokufamba zvinhu izvi rinoitwa kuunganidza mashoko pamusoro proband (munhu, icho mubasa kudzidza nyanzvi) nemhuri yake. Kazhinji, kutsvakurudza chichiitirwa murwere kana akaendesa kudzidzwa unhu. Zvisinei, mazita nzira inogona kushandiswa kwete chete mukurapa.

Mune imwe peya mubereki vana vanonzi nevanin'ina (hama nehanzvadzi). Kana pane chimwe chete mubereki - nehafu-nevanun'una. Vangave consanguineous (zvakafanana baba) kana uterine (mai general).

Kazhinji, asi Pedigree kuswedera rinoitwa kuongorora dzakawanda (kana mumwe) zvirwere (zviratidzo). Kuwanda kwemashoko kungaenderana kuwanda kumarudzi vanobatanidzwa mairi (dzinza).

Kuongororwa mashoko anoratidza kuti kuziva miedzo mhando nhaka Nhoroondo dzinoverengeka zvinhu.

Somuenzaniso, pane chimwe autosomal chikuru semufananidzo pfungwa yacho kuzivikanwa nyaya iri Pedigree (anenge muchizvarwa ose), vakomana nevasikana zvakaenzana maitikiro. Pane zviratidzo mumwe vabereki kunoita kuti chitarisiko pana halftime kana mwana.

In rokunyora Madzinza chizvarwa chimwe nechimwe chinofanira kuiswa kwayo chinjikira kana nharaunda. Vakaverengwa kumarudzi rinoitwa nomudzimu Roman, uye vomumhuri - muchiArabic sezviverengo.

Kana paine mhuri nhaka zvinetso zvakawanda, vakataurirana unbonded nechimwe zvokurwara dzinza anoitwa yoga.