Military uye zvoupfumi kuchinja Anny Ioannovny

Paitonga Petra Velikogo Russia yava rimwe masimba vaitungamirira European. In diki chipimo pave zvokuchinja kuitwa nokushingaira nokuda mambo. Zvisinei, ichi Nzira seiyi munguva romuzinda nokumukirana - kwenguva yemakore 37 munhau yeRussia.

Panguva ino, pachigaro choushe chave machinda matanhatu, mumwe akanga Anna Ivanovna. Hatigoni kutaura kuti ushe utungamiri wake munyika kwakatangwa anopfuura gumi. Kunyange zvakadaro, ushe Anny Ioannovny zvinhu kunyanya kuitwa nezvido kwamachinda.

vabate choushe

Muna January 1730, yakati tisingatarisiri akafa kubva chibhokisi Emperor Peter II. Zviitiko zvakadaro vagara kukwezvwa courtly fivha. Pazvakava pachena kuti mazuva aPetro vakaverengwa, Dare achizivawo Council vakasangana kuti vasarudze pamusoro candidacy ramangwana pamambo. Nerimwe boka akapa dare munhu aikwikwidza.

Pakupedzisira, Prince Dmitry Golitsyn akakwanisa abvume Council kuti agare pachigaro shama choushe rakakodzera muzvinhu zvose, Annu Ioannovnu, chirikadzi yacho Duke pakati Courland. Zvisinei, mukutsinhana muumambo zvimwe zvinhu hunodiwa kusaina pamusoro payo, kana, sezvo vakati, ezvinhu. Kutaura zvazviri, aiva pamusoro kukamurwa autocratic simba.

Courland Duchess akagamuchira mashoko pamusoro mukuru uye 15 February kwazvo boka kuMoscow. Nokukurumidza anoda kudzora simba Empress vakazozvidemba sarudzo yavo. Tinogona kutaura kuti Anny Ioannovny kuchinja dzakatanga kubviswa Supreme achizivawo Council, iyo Zvinoumba akati ezvinhu.

Mumwe Romanovs

New Empress Russia murimo muzukuru Petro Mukuru. Raiva mwanasikana pakati wake hafu-mukoma Ivan (John). Kufanana zvose vamadzimambo Russian, yaidzidzisa kuverenga, svomhu, kunyora, jogirafi, kutamba uye mitauro yokumwe.

Her upenyu yakati yapera Kremlin, uye ipapo yamambo kugara Izmailovo, kusvikira Peter handina akasarudza kusimbisa zvavakawana iri Northern War, akaronga muchato mumwe vana vevanun'una vake Duke pamusoro Courland. Kusarudza yakawira Anne.

Zvisinei, muchato wake pfupi-akararama: pashure pemwedzi miviri chete Duke akafa. Anna akanga 17 chete nemakore, asi enyika zvido Russia ushandiswe dzouchirikadzi chitoro, kurarama upenyu a mu Kurland.

Naizvozvo, kana nhume yasvika kubva Moscow, Anna akasaina ezvinhu uye pakarepo yakarova mugwagwa. Mabiko wokutanga maiva nazvo yakaratidza kuti Empress aiziva sei kukunda hondo. Tevera okuchinja Anny Ioannovny muchiuto bhora akataurazve ichi.

The hurumende itsva

Chero autocrat inoda varairiri. Rakanga asingasiyi panyaya iyi uye Anna Ivanovna. Management kuchinja, sezvo dzatoona, yakatanga abolition Supreme achizivawo Council. Asi, izvozvo akasika Empress Cabinet, uyewo kukosha vakadzokera weSeneti, yaakange pasi Peter I.

Mumakore maviri rekutonga itsva roruvanze wokutanga paiva rinondinetsa simba pamusoro Anna Ioannovna pakati vairemekedzwa Russian uye vakaberekerwa vana Courland, uko kwakaguma rokupedzisira kukunda. Special urongwa of Empress akanakidzwa Ernst Biron. Hapana tsaona makore gumi rokutonga Anny Ioannovny akaburuka munhau pasi nezita "Biron".

Kuwedzera Cabinet muna 1731 kubudikidza nomurayiro Empress akadzorera Office of chakavanzika rwokutsvakurudza nyaya, kuita zvematongerwo mhosva. Chimwe administrative Chiito Anny Ioannovny aiva kusarudza kutama guru kubva kuMoscow St. Petersburg muna 1732

Mount mitemo hazvirevi kwemitemo

Vaongorori vanofungidzira kuti hapana asingasviki matatu hafu mitemo chiuru panguva yake yokutonga akasaina Anna Ivanovna. Major nokuchinja pamusoro zvokudya kwamachinda, hondo uye upfumi. Pasinei ichi zvakawanda mitemo iri mitemo kukosha kuti kukura Russia rakaitwa kwete zvikuru.

Created pasi Peter Ini muboka revatungamiriri kuti ushe Anny Ioannovny yakura zvokuti chehurumende chakanga kushanda kukwanisa kuzvidzora. Vagadze basa zvakajeka ehurumende mashandiro, kuti ape mutsva, zvikuru inoomesera mirairo, asi hapana chakachinja.

Noble nadzurudzo Anny Ioannovny

List wavo, hapana mubvunzo, iri inotungamirirwa chirevo muna 1730, hwokubvisa mutemo primogeniture Petrovsky, sezvo zvakumbirwa vose vanokudzwa. Achienda navo, hurumende yacho Empress idzva zvakasimba kusimbisa ayo mumagariro chawo. Zvino, landlords vakasununguka dzokurasa huru twa - munda, uye vanakomana vavo vaduku, akapfuma nhaka, haana kuda basa breech.

Chimwe raikosha nokuti kwamachinda chirevo rakagamuchirwa muna 1736. Kana Peter I akarayira vakuru kutakura rinoitirwa upenyu, kuti Anna Ivanovna akaita akaderedza nguva iyi makore 25. Uyezve, pamusana mavanga kana chirwere kusiya kubvumirwa kusiya kwokutanga. Pashure pehondo pamwe vokuTurkey muna 1739, zviuru wavakakudzwa, kushandisa chirevo ichi, akasiya basa abatsire ehurumende uye vakadzokera matunhu yavo.

Army uye Zvikepe

Zvinonyatsozivikanwa sei kukosha I batanidza Peter kukunda nehoro kugungwa uye Navy. Zvisinei, pashure porufu rwake, hapana ngarava akavakwa Russia. Kuti aponese mari, uto dare haana kupinda mugungwa kuti chokuita kudzidziswa zvechiuto pane zvikwata zvavo.

Military kuchinja Anny Ioannovny yakatanga kudzorerwa Navy. Mugore rake rokutonga rokutanga akanga aisa 66-pfuti chikepe "Mbiri kuna Russia", uye zvinotevera mamwe maviri. In wake chirevo rakavambwa Military Maritime Commission, iyo zvinganaka kuzodzosera rakazaruka muna Arkhangelsk chiteshi uye shipyard. Kubva 1731 muGungwa reBaltic handina dzakatanga kubata nguva muviri kwechiuto.

Zvisinei, kuchinja Anny Ioannovny hakungoitwi pakutarisira Navy. Saka, muna 1732, yokutanga Land vanoremekedzwa vezvikwata Corps, iyo akatanga kadheti sangano iri Russia yakavhurwa panguva yayo inoraswa. Uyezve regiments itsva akaumbwa: Bhiza Guards uye Izmailovsky.

Trade uye indasitiri

Economic okuchinja Anny Ioannovny sei kunyanya indasitiri. Chekutanga, hurumende zviya Empress yakaoma tsika mirau. Kunyange akasikwa kudzivirira Russian indasitiri zvigadzirwa kubva kune dzimwe vakwikwidzi, asi chokwadi zvinoita zvakawanda kukuvadza pane zvakanaka.

Rutapudzo netsika tariffs, pasi Anne Ioannovne, Ukuwo, aifarira kukura kutengeserana, uyewo pokugadzwa nyika yokutanga bhengi chikwereti.

Serf wemuTesitamende makore kwake ushe, havana kumboderedza pakurwiswa dzavo. Maererano nenhendashure kugadzirwa zviri Chokwadi, kunopa mari yakanaka. Muna 1736, Chirevo Empress mukirasi vashandi rehurumende rakapotsa chapedzwa. Kubvira panguva iyoyo, vose pamwe chete nemhuri dzavo dzakanga dzakabatanidzwa fekitari.

Zvingaita kuti Anny Ioannovny kuchinja zvinhu maindasitiri kugadzirwa vaiva mberi. Chokwadi ndechokuti, ivo vasaziva capitalist danho. Hurumende zvakasimba aidzora rose kugadzirwa rikurumidze uye kuchangotanga kutyora mutemo yokutorazve miti muchivigiro.

Results of Board

Saka, Anny Ioannovny zvinhu inogona zvishoma se zvainanga kwokungosimbisa autocratic simba, anokudzwa kugutsikana Zvikumbiro nokusimbisa serfdom.

Kutonga kwake kwakatora makore gumi chete. Munhoroondo mabhuku haisati kugamuchira kumeso kupima. Kudivi rimwe, Anne Ioannovne vari mhosva nokuda kutonga pakati vokuGermany rehurumende midziyo, pane dzimwe - utsinye kutambudzwa enyika vavengi.

Chero zvakanga, asi vaiona kuchinja zvinhu hurumende, hazvirambiki kuti vamwe vavo vachiri vakashumira zvakanaka ramangwana kukura Russia.