National gamba ari Caucasian avanhu Imam Gracious (Biography)

Mumwe yakakurumbira yenyika magamba enyika Caucasian marudzi ndiye Imam Gracious. Biography womunhu kunotungamirira pakugumisa kuti upenyu hwake hwakanga azere unopinza majana uye zviitiko zvinonakidza. Kwemakore akawanda kuenda ari kumukira gomo vanhu Russian Empire uye zvino chiratidzo rusununguko uye kupandukira kuCaucasus. Biography pamusoro Imam Gracious chichange muchidimbu muna pakudzokorora uku.

Rakatanga gamba

Pasina nhoroondo yemhuri haangavi kuwanikwa kwazvo kunzwisisa Biography pamusoro Imam Gracious. Pfupiso nhoroondo hunhu mhando iyi tichaedza muchidimbu pazasi.

Gracious aibva panzvimbo yekare uye rinobwinya pamusoro Avar uye Kumyk anokudzwa mhuri. Great-sekuru ari gamba-Kumyk Amir Khan ainakidzwa nomukurumbira kwazvo uye kuremekedza kubva vamwe vedzinza. Gracious Ali sekuru uye baba Dengav-Magomed vaiva Uzdenov kuti ane analoginen avakuru kuRussia, kureva vaiva rokumusoro kirasi. Uyezve, Dengav-Magomed aiva mhizha, uye basa anonzi unokudzwa kwazvo makomo.

Mother Gracious akadana Bach-Meseda. Aiva mwanasikana womuchinda Avar Bey Pier Budach. Ndizvo zvose yemadzibaba uye rwaamai, akanga vanokudzwa madzitateguru. Zvinonzi nokuda Biography munhu akakurumbira munhu, sezvo Imam Gracious (Biography). National magamba hadzisati ainyatsonzwisisa. Yakavimbika chete vanoziva kuti ndiye mumiririri Dagestan makomo. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa yakasimbiswa yaiyerera Avar ropa mutsinga ake. Asi tinogona kutaura nevamwe mwero mukana, kuti akanga ari baba Kumyk.

Kuberekwa Gracious

Biography pamusoro Imam Gracious Chokwadi, inotanga musi wokuberekwa kwake. Izvi zvakaitika muna June 1797 munharaunda nemisha Gimry tsaona. musha uyu zvino iri kumadokero dziri Republic of Dagestan.

Pakutanga mukomana ainzi pashure dzemadzibaba sekuru - Ali. Asi nokukurumidza akarwara, uye mwana, zvichienderana netsika kuitira kudzivirira kumidzimu yakaipa, zita rakachinjwa kuna Gracious. Zviri musiyano wezvinyorwa kwezita yemubhaibheri raSamueri, uye rinoshandurwa kuti "Mwari atinzwe." Chete ainzi hanzvadzi yaamai vake.

Uduku uye dzidzo

Somwana, Gracious chaiva dzakaondoroka uye ndonda mukomana. Asi pakupedzisira kumera rimwe majaya zvinoshamisa utano uye vakasimba.

Kubvira pauduku akatanga kutora kuumba remangwana hunhu kumukirawo mutungamiri. Aiva nechido, yainakidza mukomana ane navanozvikudza, havanzwi uye okumanikidza hunhu. Mumwe zviri Gracious zvisina muenzaniso ushingi. Vakadzidziswa zvombo, akatanga pamwe muduku.

Ini ndiri chaizvo inonyatsoziva rechitendero mafungiro Imam Gracious. The Biography munhu uyu ari zvakabatana chaizvo pamwe rezvitendero. mudzidzisi Gracious kwaiva shamwari yake Adil Muhammad. Muna gumi namaviri, iye vakava vakadzidziswa Untsukul rinotungamirirwa Jamaluddin Kazikumukh. Ipapo akadzidza girama, zvinotaurwa nevezvematongerwe, pfungwa, jurisprudence, Arabic, uzivi, kuti gomo marudzi wokutanga hafu XIX remakore kwainzi refu kwazvo pamwero dzidzo.

Caucasian hondo

Chaizvo ukama pakati Caucasian hondo upenyu gamba hwedu, uye ichi zvinopfuura kamwe nezveMweya Biography pamusoro Gracious. Rondedzera muchidimbu kunetsana uku muchiuto pakati mugomo vanhu uye yokuRussia umambo seanokosha pakudzokorora uku.

Military Kurwisana makomo ari Caucasus uye Russian Empire akatanga panguva Catherine II, apo paiva hondo Russian-Turkish (1787-1791 gg.). Ipapo Highlanders, akatungamirirwa Sheikh Mansour akatsvaka kumisa kukwidziridzwa uye nokusimbaradza Russia kuCaucasus, kushandisa rubatsiro rwake co-nevezvitendero hweOttoman Empire. Asi vokuTurkey vakafirwa muhondo iyi, uye Sheikh Mansur yakatorwa. Pashure paizvozvo Tsarist Russia akaramba kuwedzera kuvapo kwayo kuCaucasus, vachimunetsa vomunzvimbo yacho.

Kutaura zvazviri, kuramba emadzinza gomo uye haana kurega kutevera rugare Russian pamwe vokuTurkey, asi chaiwo ehondo nokushorwa yakasvika pashure kugadzwa General Alekseya Ermolova wavarwi kuCaucasus uye kupedziswa hondo 1804-1813 Russian-Persian. Yermolov akaedza zvachose kugadzirisa chinetso kurwisa vemo nechisimba, izvo zvakaita muna 1817 kusvika hwenguva pamwero hondo, urwo rwakatora anenge makore 50.

Pasinei asi utsinye kurwisana, mauto eRussia vakavhura zvikuru zvinobudirira, achiisa kudzora zvose nzvimbo huru Caucasus uye subordinating madzinza itsva. Asi muna 1827, mambo anoyeuka General Yermolov, suspecting kuva Links pamwe Decembrists, uye panzvimbo yake akatumwa General Ivan Paskevich.

The kwaita Imamate

Zvichakadaro, vari kutamburira pakatanga wokuRussia Empire akatanga nenzvimbo yacho Caucasian avanhu. Munharaunda inotaurwa rimwe dzenzvimbo Sunni Islam - Muridism, nechepakati pfungwa yaiva jihad (hondo tsvene) pamusoro infidels.

Chimwe chikuru vaparidzi dzidziso itsva yaiva yezvechitendero Ghazi Muhammad akanga kubva musha Gracious. Pakupera 1828 pamusangano wevakuru amarudzi ose Eastern Caucasus Ghazi Muhammad akaziviswa Imam. Saka, akava of facto musoro rekuUnited mamiriro - Caucasian Imamate - uye mutungamiriri kumukira Russian Empire. Pakarepo mushure kuitwa musoro Imam Ghazi Muhammad yakazivisa hondo tsvene pamusoro Russia.

Zvino marudzi Caucasian vakanga yakabatanidzwa kuva chete simba, uye maitiro avo vawana mungozi mauto Russian, kunyanya kubva uto chipo utungamiriri Paskevich achiri muduku tarenda Yermolov. Hondo yakatanga nesimba rakawedzerwa. Kubva pakutanga chaipo, Zvinoshingaira muhondo uye akatora Gracious, achiva mumwe vatungamiri uye vabatsiri Ghazi Muhammad. Ivo vakarwa takabatana pakurwa nokuda Gimry muna 1832 kwavo chizvarwa musha. Vapanduki vakanga rakakombwa nemauto youmambo munhare, iyo ikawira 18 October. Panguva Kurwisa akaurayiwa Imam Ghazi Muhammad uye Gracious pasinei ndichipfeka vakuvara, akakwanisa kumedura kubva encirclement, pashure anotema ane varwi vashoma Russian.

New Imam akava Gamzat achipemha. sarudzo Izvi zvinosiyana chokuti Gracious panguva, akakuvadzwa zvakakomba. Asi Gamzat Bey Imam akagara makore asingasviki maviri uye akaurayiwa ropa Zvinotambudza rimwe marudzi Avar.

Nesananguro Imam

Saka, mukuru kukwikwidza nekuda basa musoro North-Caucasian mamiriro vakava Gracious. Iye akasarudzwa kuti weSeneti mukupera 1834. Uye kuguma hwake asati aisangozivikanwa chete sezvo Imam Gracious. Biography (pfupi iri mharidzo yedu, asi mupfumi chaiwo) kwake zvichagoverwa nesu pazasi.

sarudzo kuti chakaratidza mavambo Imam ane Danho rinokosha muupenyu Gracious.

Pakurwisana Russian Empire

All mauto akaisa pamusoro payo, kuti kurwisa mauto eRussia vakabudirira, Imam Gracious. Biography ake anoverenga zvakakwana kuti vaSia chinangwa akava rinenge chinhu chikuru muupenyu hwake.

In hondo iyi, Gracious akaratidza vaipiwa zvechiuto uye sangano unyanzvi, akakwanisa kudzidzisa varwi chivimbo mukukunda, regai kuita kukurumidza sarudzo. Zvapedzisira unhu chaivasiyanisa kubva yapfuura Imams. unhu Bhutsu Gracious kunge akaikunda imwe dziwande yakakura kupfuura uto raro Russian.

Revhitiko kuzvidzora apo Gracious

Uyezve, achishandisa Islam sezvo chimedu anoparadzirwa, Imam Gracious akakwanisa kubatanidza madzinza muBosnia, muChechnya uye Dagestan. Kana vamutangira ake pamwe amarudzi Caucasian vanhu chaizvo vakasununguka, ipapo veMubatanidzwa Gracious akawana zvose zvaidiwa statehood.

Somunhu mutemo akatanga kwechiIslam Sharia mutemo panzvimbo dzekare canons Highlanders (adat).

Caucasian Imamate yakakamurwa kupinda mumatunhu, inotungamirwa Imam Gracious akaisa naibs. Background zviri akazara nemienzaniso kuedza kwakadaro kunonyanyisa centralized utariri. Rokutonga simba neimwe County muchengeti mufti, uyo akagadza Qadi vatongi.

pakutapwa

makore makumi maviri nemashanu rokutonga nekaupenyu kubudirira North Caucasus Imam Gracious. Biography, pfupi Excerpt izvo pachaiswa pazasi, inoratidza kuti 1859 yakachinja muupenyu hwake.

Panopera ari Crimean Hondo uye kuguma dzeParis Peace rakawedzera mabasa kuCaucasus, mauto eRussia. Against Gracious Emperor akakanda ane ruzivo vehondo - Generals Muraviev uye Bariatinskii, izvo muna April 1859 akabudirira rokutora guru Imamate. Muna June 1859 boka revapanduki vekupedzisira vave woutsinye kana vadzingwa muBosnia, muChechnya.

National rusununguko rwokufamba payakatanga pakati Adygei uye akatamira Dagestan, apo akanga pachake Gracious. Asi muna August, bato ravo rakakombwa mauto eRussia. Sezvo mauto akanga dzisakarurama, Gracious akamanikidzwa yokuupa, kunyange mune zvinokudzwa chaizvo nemashoko.

In pakutapwa

Chii chingatibatsira nezvoUmambo nguva iyo musungwa aiva Imam Gracious, Biography? Brief Biography munhu uyu haatipi kuswedera Wei mifananidzo hwake, asi zvichaita kubvumira kuti kanenge imwe ine mupfungwa Profile of wacho.

Muna September 1859 ari Imam kuonana yokuRussia Emperor Alexander II. Zvino Chuguev. Nokukurumidza Gracious akaendeswa kuMoscow, uko iye akasangana yakakurumbira General Yermolov. Muna September, kuti Imam akaendeswa guru Russian Empire, iyo chaipiwa kuna Empress. Sezvo tinogona kuona kuti mutungamiriri yemuna mudare zvakaipa akavimbika kwazvo.

Pasina Gracious uye mhuri yake akanzi zvachose nzvimbo yokugara - guta Kaluga. Muna 1861 makanga musangano wechipiri chete mambo. Panguva ino, Gracious akakumbira kuti aende kuti kunonamata Mecca, asi akanga aramba.

Makore mashanu akazotevera, Gracious nemhuri yake vakatora mhiko yokuvimbika kuna Russian Empire, saka achitora Russian citizenship. Makore matatu gare gare, maererano Kesari wokuti, Gracious akagamuchira knighthood kubva kodzero kupfuudza nhaka. A gore asati Imam rino aibvumirwa kuchinja nzvimbo yavo yokugara uye kutamira nani. okunze Kiev.

Hazvibviri kutsanangura izvi pfupi ongororo zvose akapona vakatapwa Imam Gracious. Biography mu pfupi inoti musungwa uyu, zvisinei, dzakanaka chaizvo uye uchikudzwa, vanenge kubva nemaonero wokuRussia.

rufu

Pakupedzisira, muna chete 1869, Gracious akakwanisa vachiri kutsvaka mvumo mambo pamusoro hajj kuna Mecca. Round rwendo akatora kupfuura gore.

Pashure Gracious urongwa mudzidziso muupenyu, uye zvakaitika muna 1871, akasarudza kuenda muguta dzvene wechipiri vechiMuslim - Medina. Akafirapo pamusoro gore makumi manomwe nemana upenyu. Imam akavigwa ake chizvarwa munyika Caucasus, uye muna Medina.

Imam Gracious: Biography, mhuri

Zvisinei mhuri kubatikana upenyu uyu unokosha nzvimbo, sezvo ose Caucasian makomo. Ngatidzidzei zvakawanda pamusoro hama uye shamwari murwi zvikuru rusununguko vanhu vake.

Maererano netsika vaMuslim, Gracious aiva nekodzero nemadzimai matatu pamutemo. Akatora mukana kodzero iyi.

Mwanakomana mukuru Gracious ainzi Jamaluddin (akaberekwa muna 1829). Muna 1839 iye wakapiwa somunhu mubatwa. Akadzidziswa muSt Petersburg iri ndima ine vana worudzi kwamachinda. Gare gare Gracious akakwanisa kuchinjana mwanakomana mumwe musungwa, asi Jamaluddin akafa pazera 29 of tibhii.

Mumwe pamusoro kuzobatsira vanamukoti wababa vake aiva wechipiri mwanakomana - Gazi-Muhammad. Paitonga Gracious naib akava mumwe maruwa. Akafa muna 1902 muna hweTurkey.

The mwanakomana wechitatu - Akati - zvakawanda akafa achiri mucheche.

Vanakomana vadiki - Muammad-Shefi uye Muhammad Kamil - akafa muna 1906 uye muna 1951 azvaitwa.

Zvinoitwa Imam Gracious

Tava nenzira rwendo upenyu, rakanga Imam Gracious (Biography, mapikicha dzinoturwa munyaya). Ungashandisa sei kuti chitarisiko murume uyu anopa zvakawanda Highlander ichi, munhu womunyika eCaucasus. Zviri pachena kuti ichi ndicho chinhu noushingi uye kusarudza unhu, agadzirira chinangwa yakakwirira kuti bheji zvakawanda. About Gracious nekusimba hunhu kupfuura kamwe akaratidza venguva yake.

Nokuti Mountain Peoples of Caucasus, Gracious kucharamba chiratidzo kurwira rusununguko. Panguva imwe chete vamwe nenyanzvi yakakurumbira Imam Hazviwanzovi anoenderana ano pfungwa pamusoro nemitemo hondo uye vanhu.