North Africa: Algeria. Zvicherwa, njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga, nzizi huru

Ndezvipi zvakasikwa zviri North American nyika? Where Algeria iri? Zvicherwa, nzizi huru, hunhu Nzvimbo - ichi zvose ichakurukurwa munyaya ino. Uyezve, uchadzidza pamusoro nomwe zvinoshamisa chokwadi kuti nyika ino akasiyana, kwete sezvinoita vamwe.

North Africa: Algeria

For North Africa, maererano UN kupatsanura, muri nomwe inotaura. Pakati pavo Algeria - guru munyika kukura "kondinendi dema". A huru chikamu nharaunda yayo - iri anenge upenyu expanses Sahara murenje. Kuchamhembe munyika ane yakafara nzira yokubudisa kuGungwa reMediterranean. Capital weHurumende ndiro guta iroro zita - Algeria.

Pasi bumbiro, nyika iri zvokuvhoterwa, umo simba inokamukana pakati purezidhendi uye paramende. Zvisinei, masimba mashomanana ndezvaJehovha uchiri mutungamiri, nokuti ane kodzero kugadza mumwe pavatatu weSeneti anoumba (imwe kamuri maviri paramende).

Administration pamusoro Algeria anonakidza zvikuru nokupesana. Nyika iri muzvikamu 48 anonzi enyika. Uye kumaodzanyemba kumatunhu yekudyidzana kurei munharaunda kupfuura North. Saka, somuenzaniso, munharaunda yacho Wilaya pakati Adrar nyore kutakura kupfuura mbiri dhazeni hwokuchamhembe enyika munyika.

Ndezvipi huru dzinongoitika zviri Algeria? Izvi zvichakurukurwa munyaya inotevera zvikamu ino.

Geological mamiriro uye kuzorodzwa

Mukati nyika ino pamwe Geological hurongwa maviri:

• Saharan kuchikuva (Precambrian);
• Atlas akapeta (achiumbwa gomo inotungamirwa ichikosha Alpine).

Vamwe dzakawanda dzenyika dziri pazasi pegungwa. Uyu ndiwo mumwe inonakidza zvinhu akadzadzwa Algeria. Zvicherwa mined munyika ino, deposits dzavo zvakabatana pamwechete Geological nemamiriro nzvimbo.

About 80% munyika inogarwa Sahara - chikuru murenje panyika. Kunyanya Algeria kuzorodzwa zvikuru chaizvo: anenge ose sandara chikamu nyika ine anoverengeka matombo uye jecha massifs (ergs). Kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva chikamu Sahara gwenga zvakanaka kupinda Ahaggar Highlands, mukati ndoupi yakakwirira munyika - gomo Tahat (mhedziso yakakwirira iri 2906 mamita). Panguva yokunyanyisa kuchamhembe pamusoro Algeria ndichisveerera anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri - Tel-Atlas uye Saharan Atlas. Ivo dzakaparadzaniswa be'ma rwenze, norupo kuchekwa pamwe canyons yakadzika uye nemapako yakanaka.

Kufanana nedzimwe nyika yose North Africa, Algeria ane yakafara nzira yokubudisa kuGungwa reMediterranean. The zvachose pakureba nemhenderekedzo nyika anenge 1,000 makiromita.

Algeria mamineral dzavo reserves

Maererano mukuru matura chicherwa zviwanikwa nyika inogona zvakanaka kuisa pamusoro kunyika shanu muAfrica. Grounds Algeria akapfuma zvicherwa akadai mafuta uye gasi, phosphates, simbi mhangura, manganese mhangura, mekuri, kutungamirira uye zinc. Bituminous marasha kuchera ngaakuitirei munzvimbo Bechara uye Ksiksu.

Minda mafuta uye gasi chinokosha dziri munzvimbo Hassi R'Mel gasi munda, Hassi Messaoud, Edzhel, Berkin, uyewo Illizi Valley. Akaongorora matura oiri ichakasangana nezvimwewo kuAlgeria, zvinofungidzirwa vanamazvikokota pa mabhiriyoni 12 emiti.

upfumi Algeria ndiyo zvikurukuru zybletsya pamusoro zveminda zvinobva simba rayo kunze kwenyika. Pashure pokuwa mitengo mafuta pose mumakore achangopfuura, hurumende yave zvakati zvinetso urongwa zvoupfumi. Naizvozvo, muna 2015 nyika utariri akasarudza kuwedzera mavhoriyamu mafuta uye gasi kugadzirwa.

okunze zvinhu

Okunze ari Algeria zviri zvakasiyana kumaodzanyemba uye kuchamhembe dzenyika. Saka, kuchamhembe zviri subtropical reMediterranean mufananidzo, uye pakati uye kumaodzanyemba - Tropical gwenga.

Algerian chando kwakasiyana chaizvo, zvichienderana kwaanogara. Pamahombekombe, zviri zvikuru kudziya, pamwe zhinji kunaya. Temperature pano kunyange January kazhinji rinosvika madhigirii +12 ... + 15. Mumakomo, muchando inotonhorera pane rinowanzoshandiswa chando aumbwa. Summer muna Algeria shungu kwazvo uye akaoma, pasinei nharaunda. In Sahara diurnal tembiricha amplitude anogona kusvika madhigirii maviri!

zvakare, pane zvinokosha kusiyana ukuru hydration dzakasiyana kumatunhu Algeria. Saka, murenje dziri Sahara nokuti gore izvozvo anogamuchira 20-50 chete millimeters kwemvura, uye muMakomo Atlas - kusvika 1000-1200 mm.

Munyika mvura pfuma

Inenge zvose chikuru nzizi Algeria vane chimiro pfupi uye ephemeral dzemvura, izvo akazara mvura chete munguva yokunaya. Veko vanovati vedami. River dzekuchamhembe, inoyerera ichibva kumakomo, zvikuru garika. Asi pakati nezasi nokuhova dzose kazhinji "kurasika" iri huru sand Sahara.

Most Algerian madhamu uyewo kazhinji akaoma. Nokudaro bheseni yavo inogona kufukidzwa gobvu rukoko yomunyu. Uko pedyo-pose pasi pemvura yakakodzera oasis vari aumba.

Algeria ndiro rakakura kupfuura mamwe ose rwizi - Sheliff - ane kureba 700 makiromita. Sezvazvakanyorwa anotarisa, unogona kuona mufananidzo pazasi.

The rwizi rinobva mune pamakomo Saharan Atlas, ichiyambuka rakaorera Thuile uye anotakura mvura yaro madhaka muGungwa reMediterranean. In rezasi Inowana Sheliff inoyerera dzakadzama akanaka kanjoni. On rwizi ndiwo maguta makuru Algeria - Chlef Province, neAini Defla, Hemis Millan. In rwizi mumupata Sheliffa nokushingaira kuva zvokurima, varipo akura donje, mazambiringa uye maranjisi.

Nemiti uye Fauna of Algeria

Jogirafi pamusoro Algeria - ndiko kusunungurwa, zvicherwa, okunze uye mvura miviri ane kwete chete. Zvinokosha kudzidza upi nyika ayo kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka.

Natural nzvimbo pamusoro Algeria akasiyana chaizvo kubva mumwe. Coastal nzvimbo munyika, uyewo kuchamhembe mujinga ari Atlas vakabatikana nzvimbo miti yakasvibira dondo uye kwesha. nzvimbo idzi vanogamuchira mwando yakakwana uye nokupisa. Saka, zviri yakaomerera ruzhinji vanhu wehurumende ichi.

In kuchamhembe Algeria kukura Masango Holm uye koko nemiouki ane admixture pamusoro nemipaini, emisidhari omujunipa. Zvinowanika dzomusango, hares, uyewo mhuka zvekumwe - tsoko.

Kumaodzanyemba uye nechepakati zvikamu zvepanyama nharaunda Algeria akanyatsosiyana nevamwe. Ndima iyi inogarwa rinopisa nzvimbo yerenje. Nemiti pano Chokwadi, zvikuru murombo uye akapa norukato uye ephemera shoma. Muna Sahara panowanikwa ngozi chinorura dindingwe, uyewo dzimwe mhuka - bere, jackal, nemhara, mharapara. Mumarenje pamusoro Algeria, vazhinji duku nemakonzo, nyoka uye shiri dzamakondo, inowanika nezvinyavada uye phalanges.

Natural runako uye zvinokwezva munyika

Mumwe mukuru chaivo zvinokwezva Algeria ndiye Mediterranean! Zvakanyanyokosha kunakidzwa ayo akavhurika dzezvimwe kubva mumigwagwa rimwe remaguta ekare kuchamhembe kwemhenderekedzo munyika.

Vashanyi kuAlgeria kuva nechokwadi kushanyira rwenze Tassili n'Ajjer, izvo ichazivikanwa noku kujairika chitarisiko. Achibatsirwa "weathering" Nature akasika pano mbiru uye mawere kwazvo runako. Ndiye Tassili n'Ajjer rwenze ndiyo pakukura chakagadzirwa bako wenyika, masvingo paunogona kuona asinganzwisisiki inofananidza chinyakare vanhu.

Chimwe mukurumbira chaizvo dzinongoitika chinhu kuAlgeria - tsime Hammam Meskutin. Mvura kudziyirwa kusvika 98 Celsius. Veko vanoti nechivimbo kuti anogona kurapa zvachose chero chirwere kwevanhu.

Interesting "Gora" National Park, iri kuchamhembe kwenyika, pedo neguta Sidi Touati. Munguva 80s waibatanidzwa ari UNESCO mazita biosphere reserves. Nhongonya kuchengetedzwa nzvimbo ndiyo eponymous gomo Gora, pamusoro Mujinga inova musha pangozi mhando primates - Barbary Macaque.

Cultural zvechadenga Algeria

At mumwoyo Algerian tsika zvimwe dzechiArab tsika, zvange vaisanganisa munguva yakafanira kuburikidza Turkish uye French simba. Vazhinji vanhu munyika ino taura Arabic (kana kuti, vake Algerian mutauro). Mumaguta makuru, vagari vo zvakanaka kuziva French.

Ruzhinji Muslim Algeria, mumwe rakapararira chiKristu muduku, uye chiJudha.

Vanyori Local uye vadetembi vanonyora mumitauro mitatu - Arabic, French uye Kabyle. Literature akatanga kukudziridza kuAlgeria pakupera yacho XVI remakore. The zvakasimbisa kuti kukura ichi chaiva chido Algerians kuzvimirira. Pakati Vanyori panguva inofanira dzinounzwa novelist Yasmina Khadra, uyo enganonyorwa nominated nokuda International IMPAC muDublin mabhuku Award.

7 zvinoshamisa zvinhu pamusoro nyika

Pakupedzisira, tinopa iwe nomwe kujairika uye zvinofadza chokwadi pamusoro nyika:

• Algerians havadi kuti mifananidzo. Kuona kamera, avanotarisira kutsausa nehasha.
• On makuva pano regai kunyora musi rufu uye zita wemufi.
• Algeria - chete nyika African apo vakadzi vasiri rusarura uye vaidzvinyirirwa.
• nyika iyi zvinoshamisa siyana panyaya okunze. Saka, chirimo ndiyo mhepo kunogona kudziyirwa kusvika 50 madhigirii, uye muchando mune mamwe maguta kazhinji snows.
• Zvinoitwa Western (kunyanya American) tsika Algeria iduku kwazvo. Haugoni takasununguka kutenga zvamadhora mumaguta havana kusangana zvatinosiita "McDonalds", uye Coca-cola hakusi nevakawanda.
• Munyika ino, pane nyanza yakazara dzinongoitika neingi kuti anogona kunyora.
• Subway pamusoro Algiers yakagadzirirwa uye dzakavakwa unyanzvi eSoviet.

In mhedziso

Zvino kuti munoziva zvinhu rakasiyana kuna Algeria. Mineral pfuma kuti uchipinda mined pano - ichi simbi uye manganese mhangura, negasi, dombo phosphate. Rich Algerian nyika uye deposits kuti "ndarama dema".

Kunyanya Algeria kuzorodzwa zvikuru chaizvo. Saka, vanenge 80% yendima inogarwa Sahara. Kuchamhembe, ruchapinda kugomo neeSultan of Atlas. Asi pamusoro yakamanikana kanyika pamusoro romumhenderekedzo yegungwa (kure) musha vanopfuura 90% of zvachose nevanhu Algeria.