Nzvimbo Yakachengetedzwa Kwemhuka yeLeningrad Region

Nyika yepanyika yeLeningrad Region inotyisa mumamiriro ayo uye zvakasiyana. Yakapfuma muzvinhu zvayo uye zvisikwa, zvisinganyanyi kukosha. Ichi chinyorwa chichakurukura nezvekuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo munzvimbo yeLeningrad Region.

PA system

Masango akadaro anotora mahekita 570 zviuru uye anoumba anenge 6 muzana yenzvimbo yose yenharaunda yacho. Pakazara, mune nzvimbo 40 dzakadaro munzvimbo yeLeningrad, iyo inongova 2 chete inokosha yehurumende: Lower Svirsky Nature Reserve yeLeningrad Region Uye iyo yakachengetwa "Mshinskoe bog".

Nzvimbo shanu dzakachengetedzwa dzinokosha. Izvo zviripo pasi pehuwandu hwemasango ane chinangwa chenyika dzakawanda. Munzvimbo idzi, humwe humwe humwe hudziviriro hwehurumende hunodzivirira hunoshanda. Inoshandiswa nokuda kwekudzivirirwa kwepamusoro kwekugara kwemvura.

SPNA Zvikamu

Nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa muLeningrad Oblast dzakakamurwa kuva zvikamu zvikuru zvinotevera:

1. Nzvimbo dzakasikwa dzeSt. Petersburg uye nzvimbo yeLeningrad.
2. Paki dzakasikwa nemasikirwo.
3. Reserves.
4. Mifananidzo yezvakasikwa.

Nzvimbo dzose dzakachengetedzwa - dzimba dzeSt. Petersburg uye nzvimbo yeLeningrad - yakasiyana kubva kune imwe mimwe mune zvimwe zvinhu, zvakadai se:

1. Chinangwa chekusika nzvimbo yekuchengeteka.
2. Area.
3. Mitemo yezvakatipoteredza.
4. Kuvapo kana kusavapo kwevashandi, nezvimwewo.

Nzvimbo yepamusoro yePAs

Kana chinhu chekudzivirirwa chiri chezvinhu zvose zvakasununguka, ipapo nzvimbo dzose dzeSt. Petersburg neLeningrad Region Ichava yepamusoro-soro yenzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa nzvimbo. Inofanira kunge ine mushandi wevasayendisiti uye, maererano naizvozvo, vashandi vanochengeteka. Munharaunda iyi haugone kuita mabasa ehupfumi. Uyewo, kune zvipingamupinyi zvakasimba kune vanoenda. Sezvatotaurwa pamusoro apa, chikamu ichi ndecheSast Svirsky Nature Reserve.

Nizhne-Svirsky Reserve

Yakasimbiswa munaJune 1980. Imwe munyuziyamu-kuchengetedza yakarongeka munzvimbo yeLeningrad nechinangwa chekuchengetedza mhuka dzakapfuma nemhando dzisina kuwanikwa dzemhuka mumunda wemvura yakasiyana yakadai seLake Ladoga, uyewo:

• Gungwa raro;
• Dondo rakapoteredza, iro rine pakati-taiga rudzi;
• Swamps;
• Kuvhara kwe shiri dzinotama;
• Kugadzira nzvimbo dzezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zvehove.

Nizhne-Svirsky inzvimbo yakachengetwa yeLeningrad Region, iyo inzvimbo yeLodeinopolsky District. Nharaunda yenzvimbo yakachengetedzwa yakakwana 41 000 hectares.

Mutsara tsanangudzo yebasa

Nharaunda yenzvimbo iyi inzvimbo yemvura yakasviba, ndeyekukosha kwenyika dzose. Ikoko kunobhururuka uye dendere rinopinda mvura inowanika. Chikamu chechitatu chezvimbo yakachengetedzwa ndiyo matongo, kana kuti matongo. Anenge zviuru makumi maviri zvehekthera masango. Mvura yemvura yeLadoga Lake ndeyezviuru 5 mahekitare emasango. Kununurwa kweiyo nzvimbo yakadzika, kune mhenderekedzo yegungwa ine mhenderekedzo uye maruva anoyerera. Nzvimbo yakachengetwa yeNyika yeLeningrad inoratidzwa nemhepo inoshandiswa nevhu, bhog-podzolic uye maruva-peat. Kusunungurwa kwegadziro, iyo yatinoona nhasi, inoumbwa pasi pesimba mbiri:

• Kuchema kweValdai glacier;
• Matanho e-lacustrine-alluvial accumulation.

Mamiriro okunze emunharaunda iyo Nzvimbo yeNyika yeNizhne-Svirsky inowanikwa ine kondinendi ine simba reGungwa reBaltic. Muchikwata uye munguva yechando, mhepo yekuchamhembe-kumavirira inokunda pano, uye munguva yechando-yezhizha - kumaodzanyemba-kumadokero nemhepo inowanzo. Nzvimbo yemukati yenzvimbo yakachengetedzwa, iyo ndiyo nzvimbo yeLeningrad nzvimbo - Segezha Lake. Nharaunda yaro ine 15 square mita. Km. Iyo yakadzika yakadzika mamita mashanu, pasi ndiyo sandy. Mvura iri mugungwa, pasinei nokuti iri pakati pemisasa nemabhegi, iri pachena uye yakajeka.

Rwizi rurefu rwenzvimbo yeNizhne-Svirsky ndeyeSegezha. Inotenderera ichibva kugungwa rezita rimwe chete. Mvura yake inotanga kujeka, ipapo parwendo iyo inodyisa pamvura inoyerera, uye inosviba kumuromo. Chaizvoizvo, yose mitumbi yemvura inotangira peat bogs, saka saka vane mvura yakajeka. Matangi makuru:

• Lake Ladoga;
• Lake Syarba;
• The Bay of Lakhta.

Flora yeNizhne-Svirsky Reserve

Pakazara, nzvimbo yacho inosvika 1300 michero yemiti, yakawanda iyo iri pangozi uye isingawanzoitiki. Sezvo Nizhne-Svirsky iri pakati nepakati petiraiga, zvinomera, izvo zvakapfuma munzvimbo dzose dzeSt. Petersburg uye musha weLeningrad, zvinowanzoita pakati petikiga yemuYurope chikamu cheRussia. Inenge 80% yemasango ose munharaunda yakachengetedzwa iine coniferous, uye yakawanda yemiti yemapine. Asi kukura muzasi yeSvirsky nemiti yakasara, yakadai se:

• Birch (fluffy uye dangling);
• Aspen (poplar achidedera);
• Alder (dema uye gris).

Mukuwedzera, masango maduku anowanzosanganisira kakawanda pasi pemiti nemiti inotevera uye shitubhi:

• Buckthorn;
• Viburnum;
• Ashberry;
• Raspberries;
• Black currant;
• Bird cherry uye vamwe.

Pini inonzwa zvakanaka pamiti yejecha. Nyika inobereka yakawanda inotungamirirwa nePruce - Europe neFinnish. Iyo hupfudzi hwehuni hwemasango huri hurombo, kubva kuChelberry hunotonga cowberry uye heather.

Pamusoro pemiti yakasarudzwa, vamwe vamiririri vemaruva vanokura munzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa kwepanyika, iyo ndiyo inzvimbo yeLeningrad. Nhamba yemiti iyi:

• Meadow;
• Eagle;
• Ledum;
• Bhabheriji;
• Blueberries;
• Rwizi rwemupata;
• Fern;
• Myrtle marsh, nezvimwewo.

Ivhareji yezera remapine yemasango ezvidzivirirwa nzvimbo inenge makore 85, masango eFruce - anenge makore zana. Munharaunda dzisingakwanisi kugadzirwa, unogonawo kuwana nzvimbo dzesango rekukura kwezera - makore makumi maviri.

Nzvimbo dzakasvibira, kusanganisira matsime eLado Ladoga, dzakafukidzwa nemasango emasora. Panzvimbo isingasviki mhepo inosvibisa mhepo inowedzera massively. Zvinoitika:

• Holly-leafed;
• Zvitubu zvitatu;
• Kuchema;
• Rhizome nevamwe.

Pakupera kwezhizha uye yekuvhura, masango emasango epakachengetwa akazara nemahowa akasiyana-siyana, aya ndeaya:

• White fungus;
• Poderezozovik;
• Mukova wakazaruka;
• Oiri ndiro, nezvimwewo.

Mamwe mhando yemhowa inorongwa muRubhuku Rutsvuku: white aspen, webhupusi tsvina, bristly hafu-bristle, nezvimwewo.

Hove

Munzizi nemakungwa ezvimbo yakachengetedzwa kune marudzi 34 ehove dzakasiyana. Chaizvoizvo, iyi suborder is bony, pakati pavo kune hove yezvikara. Kunyanya, chisimbiso chinowanika mumvura yeLadoga, uye zvinotevera zvinowanikwa muSvirskaya Bay:

1. Pike.
2. Bream.
3. Pike perch.
4. Chekhon.
5. Perch.
6. Redshirt.
7. Jerecha.
8. Roach nevamwe.

Pamusoro pehove isingawaniki inogona kutaurwa stickleback: mitatu nerepfumbamwe-inotungamirirwa.

Nyama dzeS Lower Svir Reserve

Iyi Museum-Reserve muNyika yeLeningrad yakafuma mune vamiririri vemhuka. Pose, 348 marudzi ezvinyorwa zvakanyorwa mumusi weSlowsky. Izvo zvakasiyana-siyana zvepanyika zvinobatana zvakananga nemamiriro ezvinhu uye zvinomera. Pasi pane mhuka dzenzvimbo yeLeningrad Region, kugara mumasango kwete kwete chete:

1. Brown bear.
2. Girasi-famba.
3. The elk.
4. The wolf.
5. The fox.
6. Mink.
7. Boar.
8. Beaver.
9. Lynx.
10. Wolverine nevamwe.

Zvose zvinokwana makumi mana nemakumi mana nemana zvakanyorwa munharaunda yezvipfuwo. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemarudzi mumakondohwe ndeyegumi nemana, zvinokanganisa - 13. Zviri pachena kuti hupenyu hwemhuka dzinoparadza zvakananga hunoenderana nehuwandu hwemakonzo emakumbo, nokuti izvi ndizvo zvokudya zvavo. Nyeredzi dzinosanganisira mhuka dzakasiyana-siyana dzehukuru, idzi ndeizvi:

1. Mapuroteni anowanikwa.
2. Ondatra.
3. Red vole.
4. Mouse-mwana, nezvimwe.

Nzvimbo yemamamiti-nzvimbo yeLeningrad inosvika mazana maviri nemarudzi. Vakawanda vavo vanorarama munzvimbo yakachengetedzwa kwechinguva, panguva yekugara kana kufamba. Iko kune imwe shiri dzakadaro dzakanyorwa muBhuku Rvuku:

1. White-tailed eagle.
2. Osprey.
3. Black Stork.
4. Owl.
5. The hazel grouse.
6. Wood grouse.
7. Grey Crane, nezvimwewo.

Nzvimbo dzekuchengetedzwa kweMasvingo eLeningrad ane nhamba shomanana yezvinokambaira. Inonyanya kufanana nyoka uye zvitatu zvezvizwedzi.

Kusvika iye zvino, muStock Svirsky Reserve, nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzevatariri dzakagadzirwa, kubva pa6 kusvika ku40 km. Mumwe wavo ndeye mvura, uye vamwe vose vari kufamba netsoka. Nzira idzi dzinopa mukana wokuona nokuonga zvose zvakanaka zvepanyika munzvimbo yeLeningrad, pamwe nekufadzwa nemhepo yakachena uye yakachena kubva mumigwagwa yemigwagwa nemiti.