Pig kugadzirwa simbi - hwaro simbi indasitiri

Pane nguva yevanhu yainzi Resimbi Age. Mumazuva iwayo, achitsiva ibwe maturusi vakasvika zvakafanana zvigadzirwa yaigadzirwa nesimbi. Kunyange zvazvo simbi iyi diki zvakawanda uye ikanyauka ipapa. Izvi zvakanga vainyanya simbi zvikaramba kubva meteorites. Somuenzaniso, Iraq neSiriya Monuments zvinhu simbi zvakawanikwa. A "zuva rokuberekwa" pamusoro Zvivako izvi - nderechi 27 remakore BC. Asi chaiyo rwokugadzira chimurenga Nenguva apo vanhu vakadzidza tsvina simbi kubva simbi mhangura. Pakutanga vakadzidza kuita muWestern Asia, ipapo zvigadzirwa izvi vakauya Greece, Italy, uye zvishoma nezvishoma yapararira somoto muEurope yose. muitiro uyu nani kwemazana emakore, uye zvishoma nezvishoma kugadzirwa simbi uye esimbi kwazova hwaro mamwe sectors hwenyika.

A huru kwacho foundry indasitiri ndiyo mhepo vira rikurumidze. Uye zvinotora nzvimbo iri kwebhosvo muvira. Modern Kurira vira - iri simba uye mukuru-kuita chikwata uye ipapo akawandisa batch mangé uye Nokufema anouya nguruve simbi. Metallurgical mutariri musanganiswa pakugadzira zvinhu, izvo yakatakura muvira mamwe utsotso. Izvi mhangura simbi iri pamwe chete mafuta. A mafuta pasina iro kugadzirwa umambo simbi zvisisakwanisiki, kazhinji chemubhotoro iro dzimwe nguva ne pulverized marasha kana negasi. A chemubhotoro - zvakafanana marasha, iyo calcined pasina mhepo kuwana. Ine mukuru combustion tembiricha uye huni wakanaka kwebhosvo rikurumidze.

Nokufema choto chakagadzirirwa kuti kugadzirwa redare iri chichiitika. The simbi oxide uye kabhoni vari ichi- kutamira pamwe nomubato muvira kumusoro downwards, uye chinoita kurutivi mhepo. The kabhoni huri chemubhotoro, iyo anobatsira hunyambiri basa izvi. On combustion nayo rinopisa pachayo muchoto kune kutsvakwa tembiricha uye panguva imwe chete anoumba gasi CO. Uye vachishandisa ichi gasi simbi oxide iri vatendeukira simbi. Somugumisiro ichi kuita inotengwa carbon dioxide, riri akapora nenguva pamusoro mevira uye yakaumbwa nesimbi, iyo inogadzirwa chigadziko chayo. Uye izvi anomiswa chete kana vaite kugadzira Nokufema romoto. Kazhinji, kana kugadziriswa zvakadai kushandura mukati brickwork (liner), izvo dzinopera pamusoro nguva.

A kugadzirwa nokuzvidzora resimbi iri muvira yakadaro inogona akarondedzerwa nyore equations. Mhepo kuti ikaridzwa muvira neVadzidzi chemubhotoro uye "masimba" iye kupisa. Last pomoto, zvinowanisa carbon monoxide, riri gaseous mamiriro. gasi ichi kukonzera iri rutapudzo resimbi oxide. A kuzoita izvi zvinoitika apo musanganiswa esimbi uye chemubhotoro tembiricha rinosvika 600-700 inegumi. Izvi zvinoguma yakasimba, asi porous uye chirambe chakapfava simbi. Zvadaro kunoita kuti rezasi, chaizvo chikamu vira (pachoto) sezvamakaropafadzwa inonyunguduka uye pauri kunze.

Asi equations izvi zvinogona kushandiswa chete ive yakanaka hurongwa. I.e. simbi oxide zvinofanira kuva zvakachena uye vakasununguka nouipi, zvakafanana chinoshanda kabhoni. Zvino mhepo ichivhuvhuta anofanira kuva mumwe okisijeni. Zvadaro kugadzirwa simbi anoenda pakunwa uye maererano zano pamusoro apa. Asi chaizvoizvo rine zvakawanda simbi esimbi (50%) tsvina dombo randinogara kazhinji kuti silicates. Zvino mhepo, sezvo vose vanoziva, rinoumbwa chaizvoizvo kuti senitrogen, izvo kungotaura ichipfuura muchoto, kudzorerawo. Asi chikuru dambudziko nhema chaiyo mune silicates. Uye vari kuitira kuti vaparadzana kubva simbi uye wakasuduruka muchoto, silicates izvi anofanira kuunzwa kuti mvura ezvinhu. A uchanyangadika silicates chete pashure kudyidzana nesuko Cao. Uye kuti chinangwa ichi muvira pamwechete esimbi akapiwa imwe yakawanda reraimu (nekubudisa). Its yokumusoro chikamu zvakarongwa Nokufema chamatare, uye pashure iri mudzoke kunyika dzakasiyana kuita madota. Uye silicate tsvina simbi mhangura kuita nesuko ichi yakarukutika kuti mvura ezvinhu uye asunungurwa kubva nemhepo romoto gang. Uye gang zviri zvishoma shoma pane simbi.

Pashure solidification of gang ari kutendeuka kuva rinoonekera zvinhu zviri murima ruvara. Uye ichangopfuura kare pedo metallurgia emakambani aigona kuona semirwi mashoko. Asi ikozvino kugadzirwa yenguruve simbi kwava mhando dongo isina nokuti gang mazuva ano zvikuru kushandiswa. Rinoshandiswa senzira filler kuti kongiri uye sezvo njanji kutsigisa igwa. Kubva ibereke gang shinda, uye pamwe zviri Anti-skid unhani migwagwa. A nguruve simbi rinobva Nokufema vira ratova panobva kugadzirwa simbi, uye nheyo zvose ferrous simbi.