US musori Ndege: tsananguro uye mapikicha

Armed Forces kuUnited States of America ndezvimwe zvezvisarudzo simba uye akasimba nemauto munyika. Mashoko aya haana chete inosimbisa vazhinji ravarwi navatariri asiwo anoyevedza nhamba dzakasiyana, ramakagadzwa anopindura rinokosha nzvimbo musori ndege US Air Force RC-135. Zvisinei aviamashina Izvi mubasa kwenguva yakati,, nokuda aiitisa pedyo dzakazara mazuvaano, uye kusvikira zuva rino zvikuru Mobile uye inobudirira zvikuru nzira kuitisa uchenjeri kwacho. ndege ino ichakurukurwa munyaya ino.

A shoma zvinhu

Rakarondedzerwa US ushori nendege chinhu mhepo dzaishandiswa nokuda kwacho, kurapwa uye nokungwarira arambe mashoko pamusoro pfungwa huru. At moyo muhondo zviumbu ndivo hwokugadzira zvechadenga ndege Boeing C-135 Stratolifter. nokuti RC-135 midziyo kugadzirwa nenzira dzakasiyana makambani, pakati anoonekwa: L-3 Communications, E-Systems, General Dynamics.

Creation uye mazuvaano pamusoro

Akati US ushori ndege pakutanga okurega kutsiva mudenga zvisingachashandi Boeing RB-50 Superfortress. Wekutanga vakaronga kuti pfumbamwe michina, asi pakupedzisira vakatanga kubva conveyor zvidimbu zvina chete. Vaiva zvose nani shanduro Boeing 739-700, semashandisirwo zvakafanana injini. In ino zvekupfakira maitiro akanga namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara zvachose, uye panzvimbo yaro akagadzawo makamera inoshandiswa kutora mifananidzo yetumedu uye ungwaru.

Uyewo, kusarudza RC-135B akaitwa uwandu michina gumi. At kwavaiwanzogara aivawo aerotanker. Somunhu "zvose-inonzwa neziso" rakashandiswa kamera uye rinokosha radar SLAR.

Gore ra2005 raikosha nokuti RC-135 ndege, sezvo vose vari, pasina chakasara, inini zvinokosha upgrades (vakatsiviwa michini, kufamba mugungwa midziyo nezvimwe zvinoriumba uye hurongwa).

udzvanyiriri

Nyaya pamberi pedu US ushori ndege pakutanga vaiva US Air Force Strategic Command. Asi, sezvo 1992, zvakanga tidzokere Combat Command Air Force. Michina zvose izvi vane zvachose nzvimbo musha wavo - ndiwo pabhesi, "Offutt".

Ndege akatora zvikuru Zvinoshingaira muhondo zvechiuto munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana redu. Aviasudna vaivapowo muhondo wakareba yokuVietnam, apo anokosha akavhiyiwa "Eldorado Canyon", "Desert Shield" "Desert Storm", "Unconquered rusununguko."

River Joint

Ndizvo bumbiro zita riri musori ndege US Air Force RC-135V. mudziyo ichi pakutanga zvakakwana akashinga chitarisiko, "inflated matama" RTR maitiro ane elongated mhino, dzaizara yokukurukura njere AN / AMQ-15 pamwe zvokushandisa. Pasi fuselage iri akawanda antennas dzakasiyana caliber. Available zvitatu chamboko antennas pamusoro adapteri radar radome. Anopapama antennas vakanga vakatasva pasi pakati pamwe denderedzwa mahwendefa ane uwandu zvidimbu zvina. Zvinokonzera bapiro paiva nenzvimbo L serin'i kanyanga uye vashoma Pin.

Pakuonekwa pamusoro RC-135W chiedza

Uyewo, kuti US musori Ndege RC-135W Air Force akasiyana mukoma wake RC-135V kuti akanga asina kupisa exchangers mhepo intakes kunyatsonzwisisa nacelles iri kunze muinjini. Pashure imwe nguva "futa Matama" motokari dzakachinjwa zvishoma kuitira kuvandudza aerodynamic unongotaura. Takavawo zvachinja pamberi chikamu fairing - vava yakati rebei, zvichiguma kuruboshwe fairing kunyange zvishoma akadzikatidza chifukidziro chokuyananisa uye yokupedzisira pakupedzisira pasi dzokororo.

Muna 1990, apo michina vakatanga basa ravo vari Kuhondo zvino Yugoslavia, mainjiniya ndakagadza pamusoro mokugezera kuti injini zvose anowanika chaiwo zvirimwa chamutsa michini chipingaidzo. Izvi zvakaitwa kuitira kuti vawedzere ukuru kuchengeteka kubva zvombo Anti-ndege vakapakata chafariz homing musoro.

chikwata

Spy Ndege US RC-135 zvinodzorwa nerimwe rikarira ravakwa guru, izvo zvinosanganisira:

- Officers tikurire mhepo murayiro.

- Three opareta EW (radar chengetedzo): otomatiki akachenjera, Chinyorwa ubanguranyika, mukuru kuchinja. The zvebasa boka iri kuti chamber ari nzvimbo muvengi ndege uye Anti-chombo enyika yavo radar nemwaranzi, izvo zvaizoitawo intercepted AEELS maitiro.

- 12-16 dzaishandisa, nhengo Air Intelligence. rwisana yavo chinangwa - kuburikidza kwegadziriro multi-mugero ruzivo ari kuwanda VHF kuchengetedza redhiyo yokurinda interceptions chinozoiswa ne vanodzima, uyewo kudyidzana muvengi mhepo zvitaviro sectors. Izvozvo, chokwadi, masoja aya kushanda Panovhurwa yomuvengi vavariro.

- 7 hwokugadzira dzaishandisa nokudzora hwakadzama kutarisira zvose radar choutsi kubva zvivako iri mumhepo, panyika, mugungwa. Parallel iyi, nyanzvi idzi kujekesa migumisiro otomatiki kutsvaka uye kupatsanura kubudikidza Chinyorwa kudziongorora. Pashure paizvozvo, vakuru vemauto mashoko chimiro basa, zvichikurukura mashoko pamusoro zvemagetsi kwezvakatipoteredza. ruzivo zvose izvi chakasvitswa vaongorori, mukati kushanda boka ndege.

Zvakananga paumbwe radar mamiriro ezvinhu mepu yave achitungamirira muongorori-controller, izvo anodzora nevamwe vaongorori maviri: wokutanga anobata pasi huru, wechipiri - nendege. Mukuwedzera, ivo anotarisira kuti vose chinopfuudzwa kubva ndege kusvika pakati mashoko akagadziridzwa maminitsi maviri ose (kanenge), uye kana tapererwa - ose mumasekonzi gumi.

Tinofanirawo kuteerera dzaishandisa maviri kuti aite kuonekwa uye kunyoresa vose vasiri mureza, kana zvinowanikwa zvinosanganisira zviratidzo, kwete yamboshandiswa nomuvengi. Izvi zvinoitwa kuti nechokwadi yakakodzera uye musono ndiwedzere EW hurongwa. Operators uyewo arambe zvose muvengi kuedza kukurira kwokudzivirira American ndege kukurukurirana hurongwa.

Kuwedzera kune nyanzvi izvi, achigara munzvimbo dzavo kuhondo, kunewo ari opareta, mubasa kuchinjwa mashoko kune aviasudno E-3 AWACS uye vaviri unyanzvi mubasa kutiza basa.

"Bottleneck" ari ndege

US musori Ndege ane dambudziko rinokosha muchimiro shoma yokukurukura pakati pake uye E-3 AWACS. Data ari chinopfuudzwa nomukombiyuta digitaalinen gwara iri TADIL-A format.

Hazvina mugero uyu ichipfuura zvachose vose vakagamuchira Radar zvinoreva hunhu-zvakajeka mifananidzo jengachenga dzedenga kunotangira dzaishandisa ari mudziyo E-3. Mushure kugadzira, mashoko akadzokera, asi mune digitaalinen muchimiro. Zvisinei, zviri nechimwe dzakasiyana-siyana yakakosha uye Kusiyanisa zvezvinangwa zvose pasina chaakasiya mhepo huru.

ndege waivako

Taidzidza muudzame musori Ndege US Air Force sezvo paro zviratidzi vane zviratidzo zvakadai:

• Mapapiro -39,88 mita.
• Total Aircraft kureba - 39,2 m.
• Ndege Height - 12.7 mamita;
• Nzvimbo imwe neimwe bapiro - 226,03 mativi mamita.
• Empty kurema ndege - 46403 makirogiramu.
• Kunonyanyisa kutora-kure guru - 124967 makirogiramu.
• Dikidiki injini - turbofan Pratt Whitney TF33-P-9.
• Thrust - 4 X 80,07 kN.
• Kufadza bvumidzwa kumhanya kutiza - 991 km / h.
• Cruising havukavu - 901 km / h.
• Practical ndege Range - 9100? Km.
• The nharaunda chiito of muchina - 4308
• Kunonyanyisa uchishandisa kukwira - 12.375 mamita.

The chiitiko pamusoro kweGungwa Dema

January 25 2016 US musori ndege pedyo pamuganhu Russian Federation. Somugumisiro, mudenga mundege Su-27 amutswa, izvo intercepted American ndege. Maererano pamutemo mumiririri European murayiro US Navy mukuru Daniel Hernandez, ari kuvhura mhepo njere michina akanga akatakurwa kunze zvikuru kunaka uye unprofessional, haikwanisi asi kunetseka kuti American utungamiriri, nekuti chiitiko ichi chete vanopisa ane kare zvashata mamiriro ezvinhu. Uyewo, American mukuru aiti kuti RC-135U Combat kuita yakarongwa ndege dzomunyika nzvimbo pamusoro kweGungwa Dema, pasina achityora munhu miganhu. Vamiririri Russia, akavapindurawo, akati kuti US ndege yaiva mudenga dzikava kure transponder.

Maererano mashoko awanika kubva bhuku The Washington Free Beacon, munhu Russian Ndege yehondo nendege US ndege ari chinhambwe mamita matanhatu, imwe nguva kubhururuka kumativi, parutivi. Zvadaro mutyairi yeRussia akaita unopinza rinoshamisa uye akasiya padivi. Somugumisiro, ndege parukova kubva Su-27 ari chaizvoizvo vakasundidzira ane mhepo ushori of US, izvo Ndokusaka akatadza kudzora.

Duel pamusoro Gungwa reBaltic

April 14, 2016 kamwe zvakare US ushori ndege pamiganhu reRussia. Hazvina musoro kuti izvi haana kuonekwa ne Air Forces of Russian Federation. murayiro Russian akafunga kumisa kuedza vaputse kumuganhu wehurumende, iyo akamutswa mudenga ndege. Somugumisiro, mashoko Su-27 ndege intercepted US ungwaru. rinoshamisa ichi, maererano US vakuru vemauto, akanga zvakare kuitwa munhu ushingiwo tsika uye vakatakura ngozi vashandi ari American ndege.

Uyezve, murayiro US Army akaratidza kwayo "gobvu hanya", yainzi "unprofessional uye kunaka nezviito vezvikepe Russian."

Japanese kunetsana

May 22, 2016 yokuRussia mhepo kuzvidzivirira hurongwa yave kuona pamusoro kuGungwa Japan, US ushori ndege RC-135. Panguva iyoyo, akaita ushori pedyo nomuganhu weRussia. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti ndege yacho US riri mudenga pamwe transponder kure uye haana kukwanisa nzira ruzivo kuti controllers yacho nharaunda pane chave chidzoke nezvengozi yevagari kwemotokari ndege. Uyezve, ndege American yaiva zvese avo, iyo inoshanda Flights dzose Flights pamusoro Civil Aviation. Chokwadi, Su-27 ndege intercepted US ungwaru.

Kuti kujekesa chiitiko Bazi Kutsigira Russia yainzi kutaura muchiuto attache panguva US Embassy. Vatungamiri Russian kunge Aizvirumbidza ake American ishamwari pamusoro kudzivirira ramangwana ezvinhu akafanana uye kutora matanho akakodzera kuti pave yakachengeteka ndege dziri mudenga.

Papera nguva yakasvika pakuzivikanwa kuti ushori ndege nemaziso chaichengetwa vaunoshanda dhonza mutakurwi ndege vendege Swiss. Maererano vezvikepe, vakaona rinorema ina-injini ndege, izvo haana kukanda chero nyora.

Pavanotaurirana pamwe Chinese

Zvakare, US musori Ndege kuvhura kwakaitika May 2016 pamusoro pemvura zhinji dzakawanda muSouth Sea China. Sezvo wainyatsotaura vokuAmerica, chiitiko ichi kwakaitika dzakawanda airspace. Maererano nePentagon, Air Force murwi jets intercepted Chinese musori ndege imwe USA kuchengeteka. mashoko akadaro vokuAmerica kunge akashamisa hapana, sezvo mashoko akadaro mwero mumwe ezvinhu izvi. Uyewo, US mupurisa akati kuti ushori ndege anoita "wenguva dzose patrol."

VaBennett kunetsana ne China

Chiitiko ichi chakanga zvinokonzerwa nokukurumidza achifumira makakatanwa munzvimbo South Sea China. All akatsanangura nokuda yakawedzera basa iri China tichitarisa pakuvaka chakagadzirwa zvitsuwa. In mamiriro ichi, mumwe muvakidzani China, kusanganisira United States, zvikuru hanya ezvinhu, nokuti vanotenda kuti China mune ramangwana achaita kuiswa izvi zvitsuwa chombo kudzivirira hurongwa nomunhu. Kunyanya nokuti ichi, United States pasi chokumupomera kuunza zvakakodzera nenhanho nokuchengeteka dzakawanda kutumirwa akatumira rakabvongodzwa nharaunda yayo nezvikepe, zvikuru zvine musoro akaita vakanyorerana kakawanda yokusagutsikana pamusoro chikamu Chinese utungamiri.

kufarirwa kwakadaro kune raiita unremarkable gungwa nharaunda pose nokuti kuti South China Sea - pfupa kukakavara pakati China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Brunei, Philippines uye Malaysia. Uye zvose nekuti kuti chikamu ichi munyika, pane zvinokosha deposits-siyana zviwanikwa: gasi, mafuta, uye zvichingodaro.