Prehistory vanhu: zvinoitwa huru nguva

Prehistory vanhu - imwe nguva kuti kusvikira nokugadzirwa kunyora. Muzana XIX remakore yaiva siyanei zita - ". Prehistoric" Kana musingadi yakawanda yokunyatsoongorora zvinorehwa iri, Chine zvakakwana nguva yose nguva, kubvira nezvekwakabva zvinhu zvose. Asi rakatetepa maonero tiri kutaura chete pamusoro kare kwevanhu kwemarudzi, urwo rwakatora kusvika imwe nguva (nezvazvo pamusoro apa). Kana nhau, masayendisiti kana vamwe vanhu vanoshandisa vari pamutemo zvinyorwa, shoko "prehistoric", iva nechokwadi kuti kutaridzwa nguva mubvunzo.

Kunyange zvazvo zvechadenga chinyakare yaitonga kumhuka Zvishoma nezvishoma vatsvakurudzi kwemazana emakore mumutsetse, uchiri akenda kuwanikwa itsva chokwadi chokuita iyoyo. Nokuda kushaya vanhu kunyora mashoko urwu rinofananidzwa sayenzi matongo, zvipenyu, ethnographic, nzvimbo uye nezvimwewo.

Kukura chinyakare yaitonga

Mumazana emunhu nguva dzose anoda dzakasiyana siyana pamusoro kupatsanura pakati prehistoric nguva. Historians Ferguson uye Morgan aivawo chinyakare nzanga kupinda akawanda muzvikamu: noutsinye, zvoutsinye uye budiriro. Prehistory kwevanhu, kusanganisira rokutanga zvinoriumba maviri, zvakawanda ipazwe zvitatu nguva:

• Wildness dzinoratidzwa wakaenzana vanhu. Residents aidaro kuvhima, hove uye kuungana yakabikwa zvokudya (michero, michero, miriwo). Scientist Morgan akaputsa wildness kupinda akawanda nguva. Yakadereresa dhigirii kunoratidzwa chitarisiko ane kutaura underdeveloped, avhareji - kushandiswa moto muupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye kubata hove, uye zvepamusoro kubvira pakatanga nehanyanisi kuvamba.
• Munguva zvoutsinye vemo akatanga kuita zvokurima, mombe maberekero (pakati Danho). Pakuonekwa zvehari - yakadereresa chechetere nguva ino. Yakakwirira Kwakavawo yokutanga chikumbiro veimba simbi.
• Panguva padariro yebudiriro akaumba yokutanga mamiriro, guta, achinyorera uye zvichingodaro. N.

ibwe zera

Prehistory akagamuchira periodization kwayo. Tinogona kusiyanisa huru matanho, pakati yaiva ibwe zera. Panguva ino, zvombo zvose uye zvinhu kuti upenyu hwezuva nezuva kuita, sezvo imi kuti fembera kubva ibwe. Dzimwe nguva vanhu mubasa ravo akashandisa matanda uye mapfupa. Nechekare vakananga kuguma iyi, kwaiva tableware nevhu. Nemhaka nebudiriro ichi remakore yachinja kuva placement nharaunda pamusoro dzine vakawanda yepasi murume, uye somugumisiro ndiwo mavambo shanduka kwevanhu. Tiri kutaura anthropology, t. E. The kwacho pamusoro kwaita zvisikwa panyika. End ibwe nguva akacherekedza domestication dzomusango kutanga simbi pakati dzimwe simbi uye.

Maererano urefu nguva chinyakare yaitonga, iyo iri remakore, rakakamurwa muzvikamu:

• Paleolithic. Rakakamurwa yakaderera, pakati uye yokumusoro. Nguva iyi ndiyo "mutoro" nokuti chidzoke ndokuwarira pamusoro humanoid vanhu.
• Mesolithic. It kunoitika kunyunguduka mazitombo echando; vatama rwokugadzira zvinhu, pane nokubudirira yesayenzi rokutanga.
• Neolithic. Panguva ino, hapana kurima.

mhangura zera

Nguva chinyakare vanhu, pamwe nenguva kutevedzana dzakasiyana munguva kukura uye paumbwe upenyu. Muzvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana miganhu nguva yakatora nguva dzakasiyana (kana havapo zvachose). Chalcolithic aigona batanidza kuna Bronze Age, kunyange zvazvo masayendisiti achiri govera nayo ari oga munguva. Inotorwa nguva - 3-4 zviuru zvemakore BC .. Hazvina musoro kufunga kuti ichi chinyakare nguva kazhinji inozivikanwa nokushandisa midziyo yemhangura. Zvisinei, ibwe iri "fashoni" haana kubuda. Kusuma mifananidzo itsva kuitika zvishoma nezvishoma zvakakwana. Vanhu vanouwana, vakafunga kuti ibwe. Common kusvikira nguva kurapwa - anorova chimwe panorumwe - kwete kupa zvatinosiita chaizvoizvo, asi achiri mhangura akaramba deformation. Kana chakaunzwa zvipfuwo upenyu chando nokuchengetedza basa naro vakaenda nani.

The Bronze zera

Izvi chinyakare yaitonga aiva mumwe kiyi, maererano mamwe masayendisiti. Vanhu vakadzidza kubata zvimwe zvinhu (netini, mhangura), nokuda ano- yendarira. With kuvamba ichi vakatanga pakupera remakore kuparara kunoitika zvikuru synchronously. Tiri kutaura nezvokuparadzwa shamwari yevanhu - pemarudzi. Izvi zvakaguma paumbwe imwe refu simbi zera mune dzimwe nzvimbo uye zvakare kuramba tichishanda kuenderera yendarira. Last kumabvazuva chikamu nyika anyanya rekodhi nhamba emakore. Yakaguma veMubatanidzwa neGirisi uye Roma. Century rakakamurwa muzvikamu zvitatu: mangwanani, pakati uye kurara. In zvose izvi nguva, kushingaira kuva mavakirwo nguva. Zvakanga iye uyo kukanganiswa paumbwe chitendero uye uzivi kwenzanga.

simbi zera

Tichitarisa Nguva prehistory, zvinganzi vakagumisa kuti Iron Age Wakapedzisira kusati kwatombova zvakangwara kunyora. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, ichi remakore yakanga conditionally dzinounzwa kuti kuparadzana, sezvo paiva zvinhu zvesimbi, vakanga zvikuru kushandiswa munyaya zvose zvoupenyu.

Simbi iron chaiva muitiro unoparadza nguva-kwemazana emakore. Shure zvose, izvi zvinhu vasingagoni kutengwa. Izvi imhaka yokuti zviri nyore amenable kuti ngura uye angakudzivisai zhinji kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze. Kuti awane kubva mhangura, zvaida tembiricha kupfuura nendarira. A kukandira simbi kwave kugona ne refu yenguva.

The chidzoke simba

Chokwadi, chitarisiko simba kwete refu kuuya. Vatungamiri munharaunda dzaiva nguva dzose, kunyange apo totaura prehistoric yaitonga. Panguva iyi, hapana hurumende masangano, Kudzora enyika uye havana. Pano, kusimbisa yakanga yakaiswa patsika dzemunharaunda. Ivo paakapiwa tsika "mitemo upenyu" tsika. Kana vanhu chinyakare zvose zvinodiwa mumutauro wemasaini, uye kutyorwa dzavo akarangwa pachishandiswa adzingwa munzanga.