Rosemary Kennedy: biography, migumisiro ye lobotomy

Rosemary Kennedy ndiye mwanasikana wemhuri inonyatsozivikanwa, uyo upenyu hwake kusvika munguva pfupi yapfuura hwakanga hwakazara nechakavanzika. Zita romukadzi uyu rakava rakazivikanwa zvikuru mushure mekubudiswa kwebhuku rinonzi "The Disappeared Kennedy", rakanyorwa naEo Kohler-Pentakroff. Ndeipi chikonzero icho mwana anodiwa akavanzwa kubva munyika yose nekuda kwemamiriro ezvinhu uye akanganwa? Mhinduro yemubvunzo uyu iri munyaya.

Kusvikira zvino hakuna chinhu chakafananidzira matambudziko ...

Mhuri yeKennedy yakanga isingatombofungi kuti chiitiko chakadaro chakadai-kuberekwa kwekutanga, mwanasikana wekutanga, uyo akanga atova mwana wechitatu, pakupedzisira aizofukidzwa nezviitiko zvinotyisa. Uye apo zuva rakajeka uye rinofadza raSeptember 13, 1918 rakanaka uye rakafara. Mumhuri yakadaro yakanaka, musikana akanaka kwazvo uye ane hutano akaonekwa.

Mwana wacho akapiwa zita rokuti Rose Mary Kennedy. Vabereki vakanga vari panguva yekuzvarwa vaiva: amai - vane makore 28, baba - 30 - vakamutumidza achida Rosie kana Rosemary.

Zviratidzo zvekutanga

Pakutanga mwana wacho akanga asiri akasiyana nevamwe vana vakanga vachangoberekwa, asi nekufamba kwenguva, vabereki vakacherechedza kuti mwana achiri kunyara shure mukukura kubva kune vezera rake. Rosemary akanga asiri mwana wekutanga mumhuri iyi, saka yakafananidzwa naiye. Zvaiva pachena kuti akatanga kutamba, kutaura uye kufamba kwenguva yakareba kupfuura zuva rakakodzera.

Kupona vabereki vakakurumidza kunonoka, nokuti zviedza zvemishonga, izvo zvakaongorora musikana, zvakapikira kuti nokukurumidza zvose zvichave zvakanaka - mwana achabata nevezera rake, uye hapana chinotyisa mune izvi. Zvisinei, panguva ino vanachiremba vakaita chisarudzo chisina kururama. Nokukurumidza zvakava pachena kuti Rosemary Kennedy anonyatsopera shure mukurudzika, iye akachera mupfungwa.

Chisarudzo chemhuri

Nzira yekutanga yekutambudzwa kwakaipisisa kwakarongedzwa nerudo rukuru kune mwana asina mhosva uye anodikamwa zvikuru. Mhuri yeKennedy yakasarudza kushanda pamwechete kuti ione kuti musikana muduku aigara hupenyu hunofadza uye akavakirwa norudo uye kutarisirwa.

Baba vomumhuri vakatsigira kuti mwanasikana wavo agare navo. Zvose zvinotumirwa kutumira musikana kune imwe nzvimbo yakasarudzwa zvakarambwa. Vabereki, hama nehanzvadzi Rosemary vaitarisira kuti vangamuporesa nerudo rwavo.

Zvapupu zvinotaura izvi kwemakore anoverengeka mafungiro aya kumusikana uyu akakwanisa kupa mhinduro.

Upenyu hwaRothermary mumhuri

Mukuwedzera kuna Rose Mary, kwaive nevamwe vana vasere mumhuri, uye vose vaida hanzvadzi yake zvikuru. Mumwe nomumwe nenzira yake pachake akaedza kukwezva musikana kumabhizimisi avo.

Achiziva kuti musikana anofarira makwikwi eboka uye kuti zvinomupa mufaro mukuru kuva muchikepe chinotungamirira, hama dzakagara dzichienda naye nadzo kuti dzive nemitambo yekuvaraidza. Uyezve, hanzvadzi yangu yave yakateerera zvikuru.

Amai vemusikana, Rosa Fitzgerald, vakaona kuti mwanasikana wavo anozvida chaizvo kana achiimba uye achitamba piyano. Iyi nguva yekushamwaridzana yakave yakawanda mumhuri iyi. Amai vakaimba uye vakaimba, uye Rosemary akatamba, izvo, nenzira, akaita zvakanaka.

Musikana uyu akaita zvakanaka kwazvo zvokuti vanin'ina vake, kuti vamufadze, kazhinji vakamukoka kuti atambe panguva yemhemberero nemapato. Ichi chakanga chakazara nemusikana mumwe chete mubvunzo wemusikana: "Sei ndichigona kutamba chete nehama dzangu, uye kwete nemumwe munhu?"

Akafarirawo musikana uyu zvikuru paakazobvunzwa. Zvapupu zvakataura kuti rumbidzo pamusoro pokuseka kwake kwemaoko kunogona kumuita kuseka kwamaawa akawanda. Rosemary akatarisa chitarisiko chake: micheka yakanaka, mavara edzimba uye manicure ndizvo zvaaifarira.

Kuwedzera kwemamiriro ezvinhu

Nezera, Rosemary kubva pamuviri akanaka, akanaka-akanaka, anonyemwerera akatanga kutendeuka kuva mudiki ane utsinye. Mamwe manzwiro ake dzimwe nguva akangoerekana apera, uye nhengo dzemhuri dzakawana zvakaoma kuzvidzora. Musikana wacho akakura, aisakwanisa kuva pasi pekutarisirwa, uye izvi zvakazara nekuzarurirwa kwezvivimbiso zvemhuri.

Amai vainetseka pamusoro pemamiriro ezvinhu aya, uye akaenderera mberi kuratidza mwanasikana wake kuvadzidzisi vakasiyana-siyana mumunda wepfungwa dzepfungwa. Vanachiremba vakaramba vachidzokorora semumwe: "Hapana tariro yokuti Rosemary Kennedy achadzoka." Uyezve, vanachiremba vakarayira kuti vazive kamwe pakarepo mwanasikana mune kliniki chaiyo, kwaanozotevera kutevedzwa kwakanaka uye kutarisirwa.

Chiito chakachinja zvose

Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti basa rababa mumhuri iyi rakanga rakakura kwazvo. Izwi rakashata rakagara riri shure kwake. Uye mukuru wemhuri akatenda kuti mwanakomana wake John aitsvaga ramangwana rakanaka. Mumwe mutungamiri weKennedy, ndiye kurota kwake. Nokufamba kwenguva, baba vake vakatanga kufunga nezvekuti Rosemary's morbid mamiriro aigona kukanganisa basa remudiwa wake anodiwa.

Apo baba vomumhuri, Joseph Patrick, vakagadzwa kuva mumiri weUnited States kuUnited Kingdom, mhuri yakazova nhengo yevanhu vakakwirira. Izvi zvakashanda kune chokwadi chokuti vanasikana vakuru, Rosemary naK Kathleen, vakakurumidza kuziviswa kumhuri yeumambo. Mhemberero yacho pachayo yakaitirwa paBuckingham Palace, uye yakanga iri pano apo Rosemary Kennedy akaita chimwe chinhu chakashandura ramangwana rake remangwana.

Zvechokwadi, hapana chakavhunduka chakaitika, kuchiita kudzivirira, musikana wacho akagumburwa, akazeza, uye izvi zvakaita kuti hurumende ikatanga kutaura pamusoro pemamiriro ake asina kunaka.

Dambudziko rekufa

"Kuderera" Rosemary yakavanzwa muimba yemamongi. Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti mufambiro wemusikana uyu wakatanga kushandura kwete chekuita nani: kushorwa kwechisimba kwakanyanya kuitika, pakanga pasina kukwana kwakakwana kumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana-siyana ehupenyu. Kurwisa kusingadzorwi kwehasha kwakaguma mukuti Rosemary akaratidza simba guru, aikwanise kuisa munhu pane chimwe chinhu. Musikana wacho akatanga kupukunyuka kubva panzvimbo yake yejeri.

Pakutanga kwa1941 mutungamiriri wemhuri akatanga kuve nechido chekuongorora mishonga yeurovharurgery. Ichokwadi chokuti lobotomy inoporesa vanhu vanorwara mupfungwa, akaudza mudzimai wake. Amai vakakurudzira mumwe wevanasikana vake kuti vadzidze nyaya yekubvumira, nokuti panguva iyoyo American Medical Association yakanga yakasimba kupikisa kupindira kwakadaro muuropi hwevanhu.

Kathleen, uyo aifarira nzira yekuita basa racho, akagumisa kuti Rosemary haazoiti chero chinhu chakanaka pakuita kwakadaro. Akaudza amai vake izvi.

Amai vemhuri vakaunza kusava nechokwadi kune zivo yaJoseph Patrick. Zvisinei, akasiyira kugadzirisa kwehafu yevakadzi pasina kutarisa.

Baba vacho, kunyange vasati vaudza mhuri yavo, vanozvisarudzira kuita mukunda wavo kuvhiyirwa - kubvumira. Anotsigira kuti kupindira kwekukurumidza kuitwe pasina kunonoka.

Lobotomy: mushumo mutsva wezvokurapa

Kubvongodzwa kwehuropi iko kushanda kwakabatana nekuparadzwa kwekodhekisi ye lobes yapamberi yeuropi. Pakupedzisira, kupindira uku kwakagadzirirwa kuita kuti zviitiko zvakadai sekuora mwoyo, schizophrenia, psychosis, maitiro ekupara mhosva, kutya kwekutya uye mamiriro ezvinhu. Munguva yedu, kushanda kwakadaro hakusi kuitika.

Kubata muviri kunowanzova chikonzero chekuchinja kwakakwana muhupenyu, zvichiita kuti pfungwa dzisike pasi.

Nhamba dzezvokurapa dzinoti kubva muna 1936 kusvika muna 1951 muUnited States, basa iri rakaendeswa nevanopfuura 18 000 varwere. MuUSSR kubva muna 1940, lobotomy inorambidzwa.

Mashoko Okushanda

Joseph Kennedy akatora chisarudzo mushure mekutaurirana nevarapi vanozivikanwa zvikuru mumunda we lobotomy, uyo akamupikira chibereko chakanaka. Nokudaro, mukwaka ra1941, pachivande kubva kumudzimai wake nevana, mutungamiri wemhuri yeKennedy akagadza zuva rekuvhiya musikana wavo mukuru.

Basa racho rakaitwa naDkt Freeman naJames. Rosemary yaiziva panguva yekubotomy. Uyezve, akatopindura mibvunzo yechiremba. Maererano neimwe yechiremba, murwere akachekwa munzvimbo yeuropi kusvika pakadzika maviri nehafu masentimita. Kudzika kwekucheka kwaitungamirirwa nemufambiro wemusikana, apo vanachiremba vakanzwa kutaura kusina maturo, kupindira kwekuvhiya kwakaguma.

Mhinduro yekugadzirisa kushanda

Rosemary aiva nemakore makumi maviri nemaviri panguva yekushanda. Pakanga pasina kuve nekuvandudzwa mune iyi nzira. Rosemary Kennedy mushure mekubotomy Kutanga kunzwa zvakanyanya kuipa: mukukura kwake, akadzoka achiri mucheche.

Chinetso nekuputika kwechisimba, zvechokwadi, chakagadziriswa, asi musikana wacho pachake akazova asingabatsiri.

Rosemary yakatumirwa kune imwe yezvikoro zvakadzika muWisconsin. Pano akagara kusvikira zuva rake rokupedzisira.

Ukama hwaRothermary nemhuri yake mushure mekunge lobotomy

John Kennedy, purezidhendi weUnited States, zvisinei nemaonero ake, asi achiri kuita basa mukuti hanzvadzi yake yakayambuka kunze kwemhuri, yakatumirwa kuti irege kumboita. Nzvimbo yakakwirira yepamusoro, uye pano imwe yemhuri yemutungamiriri wehurumende ine chirwere chekuora mwoyo ...

Icho chaiva chisarudzo chababa chekuita zvose musimba rake kuti arege kupararira chero ruzivo rwehurombo pamusoro pezvakaitika kune mumwe wevamwe vemhuri yeKennedy.

Zvakazoitika kuti hama nehanzvadzi dzemusikana uyu vakange vasina kumbobvira vatsvaga musangano naye, vakanga vasina kumbofarira ramangwana rake remangwana. Uyezve, zita remusikana rakamira kumurangarira mukukurukurirana mumba.

Pamwe chete amai mumwe chete vakashanyira mwana wake kamwe kamwe pagore, uye kushanyira uku kwakanga kusingawanzoitiki uye kwakanyatsorongororwa.

Nguva yaita basa rayo, mwana wechitatu weKennedy vakaroorana vakakurumidza kukangamwa. Mhuri yakavanzika yaKennedy yaiva nevanongorwara chete nemhuri yavo - Dr. Brown. Zvinopesana kuti basa rekuchengeteka raive richizivawo nezvekushanda.

Upenyu mushure mekuvhiyiwa Rosemary

Sezvatotaurwa, musikana akaiswa mune imwe nzvimbo yezvehutano. Kufungidzira vasikana vakanga vakaenzana nekugadzirwa kwemakore maviri: aisagona kudya, kupfeka, kana kuzvishamba. Rosemary inoda kuongororwa nguva dzose uye kutarisirwa.

Munharaunda yekliniki yakakosha, nekufamba kwenguva, imba yega yega yakavakirwa kune murwere chaiye, kwaaigara kusvikira afa.

Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti Rosemary haana kuponesa vabereki vake chete, asiwo hama dzake dzakakurumbira. Ave akararama kusvika kumakore makumi mapfumbamwe nemana, mukadzi wacho akafa muna 2005, maererano navanachiremba, kubva pane zvinoitika.