Shizha: basa tsananguro uye mamiriro. Mashandiro anoita vascular mitundu vari mashizha

Kudya uye kufema - Mabasa izvi zvinokosha vanokwanisa Mashizha zvinomera. Nemizambiringa cacti, rekushongedzesa uye mvura maruva - mumwe nomumwe zvinomera izvi ndizvipe rakasiyana maonero nemashizha.

Sheet - lateral chikamu nhungirwa

Kupukunyuka chero chirimwa zvinosanganisira axial zvikamu - the hunde, iyo wanamatira jira - the lateral mugove. Urongwa uhwu kunoita jira kuti abate kupfuura zvakanaka nzvimbo pamusoro pezuva. The chimiro uye kukura mashizha kunoenderana nharaunda yacho chirimwa. Somuenzaniso, miti manyoro dzakadaro vane mashizha makuru mashizha mashizha kuti zvikuru mvura kwemvura rikurumidze. Kana chirimwa chinokura munzvimbo ine yakaoma okunze, asi hunyoro akanga asina chikonzero kurasikirwa. Naizvozvo, Mashizha miti izvi vachava vashoma uye dzakaonda. Ndizvo sei nokuchenjera hunhu akasika pasi, izvo zvinhu zvinokosha zvinomera uye mhuka.

Uyezve, dzimwe mashizha angachinja chimiro ne kuchinja mamiriro dzezvakatipoteredza. All anozivikanwa arrowhead mumvura ine rwonzi-kufanana Maumbirwe mashizha. Zvakafanira kuti muviri ichi kugona vakakuvadza kuerera simba mvura. Kana mvura ikava zvishoma uye vamwe mashizha kufa panzvimbo yavo vakure mashizha museve serin'i. photosynthetic penyika yavo yakakura, uye naizvozvo, mikana yokupona zvinomera chaizvo kwakawedzera.

zvekunze mamiriro

Jira chine lamina uye hunde, iro wanamatira kuti hunde. Vamwe mashizha kunyimwa hunde uye nzvimbo kuda kwavo anoshumira mujinga mashizha chipasa. Mashizha yakadaro inonzi sessile.

Mumwe shizha chipande iine nzira pachedu dismemberment. Saka, mvere-unocheka Mashizha the willow, memuouki - pinnatilobate uye voikukka - pinnatipartite. Munhu wose yaizivikanwa palmate Mashizha Chestnut uye trifoliate Clover.

zvemukati mamiriro

Rinoshanda shizha miti chokuita peculiarities waro womukati mamiriro. Panze ari mupenyu bhizimisi rinenge - ganda. It kwete chete chinodzivirira jira. Metabolic mabasa, kwemvura nemvura gasi Exchange anoita stomata - specialized ganda zvivako. Vane ichibhabhamisa kuti anogona achasvinudzwa uye kuvharwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa izvi zvikuru.

Unorema jira izere chlorophyll uye okuchengetera munyama. Zvinoita vakawanda zvitoro mvura ine mhinduro nezvinovaka muviri uye anoita munhu yakaoma chirongwa photosynthesis.

Absorção de Água uye kufamba zvinhu - Mabasa aya shizha miti zvinopa jira conductive. Ivo vanomirirwa xylem, midziyo uye tracheids kunoitika kumusoro iyezvino. Mumwe nemarudzi adzo ndiro phloem, ndiye nevakomana uno fuma - pasi. Mushure shuga zvose anogadzirwa mashizha tichiregeredza zuva simba, zvinodiwa zvose chirimwa nhengo, kusanganisira mudzi.

Sezvo kunzwisisa nhengo sezvo mashandiro anoita jira zvinhu anotakura akarwisana, conductive zvinhu ezvinhu ayo aunganidzwa mwanda.

zvivako izvi akafukidzwa zvinhu zviri zvemaziso nyama uye pamwe chete kuumba fibrovascular mwanda. Simply kuvadaidza mutsinga.

Nokuda maumbirwo ichi, kuti conductive matanda mashizha hunomubatsira sevamiriri rwokufamba, uye vachitsigira uye nomuviri.

venation

Izvi mwanda vascular inogona kuonekwa chinoabatsira. On jira ndiro vanoumba dzakasiyana muenzaniso chaiwo, kufanana zveminwe dzevanhu. Heino imwe Zvaiitwa danda riri mashizha.

Kune mhando wandei venation. Net nyore pakutsvaga pamberi huru mutsinga iyo ibvai maduku, pova pajira riya. Chokwadi vose kuona mufananidzo uyu pamusoro Mashizha puramu, apirikoti kana Cherry.

Lily uye gorosi vane matete mashizha, madzinde izvo dziri pedyo nepedyo. Izvi mhando inonzi dzakafanana. Asi mutsinga mashizha ruva mumupata wakafanana Arc - ichi ndicho chinhu chakakombama venation.

Pasinei norudzi urongwa vascular mitundu vari mashizha vashumire, pasina iro chirimwa upenyu hwaizova hazvitomboiti.

Mhando mashizha

The mashizha uyewo Classified maererano nokuwanda mashizha mashizha. Simply kunzi mashizha ari ndiro imwe. Peach, puramu, Maple, lungwort - ndivo mienzaniso zvinomera nyore mashizha. Remubatanidzwa Mashizha vari nemiakasia, walnuts, chemombe. Zvinosanganisira vanoverengeka rinopeperetswa mashizha kuti vasiyana chete petiole.

Chii mashandiro jira

With mashizha zvimwe vegetative kupararira. Chaizvoizvo Its kuparadzana kubva yose Muviri zvipuka zvine masero akawanda chikamu. Kumba, saka unogona muwande kana Violet Zigokaktus.

Zvinokosha kuti zvinomera uye transpiration - chirongwa kwemvura mvura. Kana zvikasaitika, muti muviri unofa. Sezvo tembiricha iri womukati kwezvakatipoteredza nhengo dzose chirimwa ushe novimba ambient tembiricha, vanogona overheat nyore.

Mashizha zvimwe zvirimwa vanokwanisa mutate. Saka, pizi tunonzwa nechokwadi kuda kwayo kuti rutsigiro yakasimba, mukonde spines kudzivirirwa rokurara mwando kurasikirwa, dzine Mashizha Aloe Vera nechokwadi mvura pamwe muviri.

Green jira: yemapuraneti tsika

Humwe zviri jira vari vaviri Ivan Kuchin muitiro - kubva photosynthesis uye afemeruke.

Kufema - Absorção de Água reokisijeni uye carbon dioxide gasi. Ndiwo inodiwa zvimiso kuvapo zvose zvipenyu uye maitire nokuda vamiririri anenge hwose zvakasikwa.

Photosynthesis - paumbwe Organic zvinhu kubva inorganic nokuda chiedza simba. Izvi zvinogona kuitika chete mashizha, sezvo ane mutema ruvara chlorophyll. Nokuti kwayo Implementation kunoda carbon dioxide, iyo inobudiswa mune mari yakakwana panguva kufema. A akaumba carbohydrate shuga uye okisijeni kubudikidza photosynthesis.

Pasina kuwedzerera, tinogona kubvumirana kuti uswa jira iri fekitari chaiye unobereka kwete chete makemikari, asiwo rinopa zvose zvipenyu redu, mamiriro ezvinhu anodiwa kuti upenyu.