Short Biography pamusoro General Chernyakhovsky Ivan Danilovich

Chernyakhovsky zita rakanyorwa nemabhii yendarama munhoroondo Huru Patriotic War. Ichi nesimba uye unyanzvi zvayo mumwe rakajeka vaduku vatungamiri makore iwayo. Munguva yehondo, akanga ari siyana fronts: vachirwisana kuBaltic States, akadzivirira Novgorod, Voronezh urove, aiva pakati pemauto panguva Hondo Kursk, akasunungura Ukraine uye Belarus.

udiki

Future General Ivan Chernyakhovsky akaberekwa muguta Uman, riri pedyo Kiev muna 1906. baba vake (Danil Nikolaevich) aiva switchman riri njanji. Kana hondo yakatanga pamwe Germany, akanzi nechemberi, apo iye akapiwa chipaparadzungu. Paakadzoka, musoro wemhuri akaenda Podolia, apo aiva coachman panguva muridzi. mai vomwana aiva vemba. Vabereki vakafa muna 1919 nokuda typhus. Saka akasiya vana vatanhatu nherera.

Ivan wokutanga zvishoma akafura mhou kubva varimi veko, uye muna 1920 akatanga besprizornichat munyika yasakadzwa nehondo. Kamwe kubasa iri njanji, iye akakwanisa Zvakaitika Locksmith, akazobereka muitisi kwenhumbi pamusoro pakutengeserana akapoteredza Odessa.

Mauto Soviet

Muna 1924, rimwe jaya iri mirairo Young Communist League yakatumirwa kune chikoro inifanduri vemo. Saka akatanga Biography pamusoro General Chernyakhovsky muuto reSoviet. Gare gare akadzidza ari murwi muKiev. chikoro ichi rakapera muna 1928. Akabva akagadzwa mukuru ane platoon pakati rechi17 Corps atirari hondo muguta Vinnitsa.

Pausiku Hondo Yenyika II Biography pamusoro General Chernyakhovsky akatora mumwe ngaadudzire. Akanga ndishande 28th warrior Division (mukuru). Akanga yakamira reBaltic.

Kwehondo

Mumazuva okupedzisira enyika uye Soviet Union uye Third Reich vakanga vachigadzirira kurwa. Zvisinei, Stalin akafunga kuti vokuGermany kuti kurwisa chete pashure pagore. Saka, zvose kugadzirira havana zvainanga achikurudzira siyusekundnuyu (kunyange zvazvo ungwaru ruzivo).

June 18, Chernyakhovsky Division akagamuchira zvirevo kusiya dzavo dzokugara uye suduruka kunzvimbo pedyo Lithuanian neguta Siauliai. Tichingotarisa, mauto aifanira kuita akaronga muviri. Zvisinei, 22 vokuGermany vakayambuka muganhu yeSoviet. Uye zvakaitika kuti Chernyakhovsky kubvira pakutanga raiva makobvu zviitiko, sezvo Lithuania Akatsoropodzwa rimwe wokutanga.

Pamanheru yechipiri weboka hondo, izvo akatungamirirwa mukuru, akunde 50 makiromita uye akanga pedyo kuguta Varniai. Ndakatanga kuva nematambudziko nemafuta wedzerai, ndokusaka kufamba akaita nemhuru. matambudziko Kwesangano aisanganwa 28th Panzer Division, vakanga ubiquitous. The Red Army haana kugadzirira nokukundwa blitzkrieg occupiers German. Mukuwedzera, denga pamusoro Lithuania pakutanga nemauto Ndege German, uyo aishanda zvikuru kurwadzisa kunyika zvikamu.

Chernyakhovsky kurwisana chokutanga kwaiva kuedza dislodge muvengi rake kubva muguta Kaltinenaya. Zvisinei, kuti nhamba ukuru muvengi zvakatungamirira dzinongoitika kukundwa nemauto eSoviet. Nokukurumidza Ivan Danilovich Vakadzoka shure mukuru unyatsoshanda Red Army.

An chinokosha chinokosha chaiva Western Dvina uye guta Elipaya, iro vakatanga kurwisana reropa chete varwi Reich. Uyewo, weboka akarayirwa kuti aite nebutiro kuyambuka stragglers dzakabatana muRiga. July 1, akanga huvandudzike nevavengi Western Dvina, uye ipapo chikamu nguva dzose kuenda kumabvazuva.

Novgorod kudzivirira

August 13, 1941 Chernyakhovsky akarayirwa kuti kutora kuzvidzivirira zvinzvimbo kumabvazuva Mafuro Novgorod. Pakuronga mupomerwi akazviratidza mukuru chinzvimbo. Akadzidza nokukurumidza uye zvakanaka kuti kubvisa zvikamu semaonero A kusvika nguva B, iro zvikuru kunzwisisa basa muvengi. Zvikurukuru, akadzidzisa rake haana kutora zvimwe, uye chete zvombo, munda dzekubikira uye zvichingodaro. D. Izvi kunyanya vakasimbirira Chernyakhovsky, pfupi Biography izvo zvinosanganisira zvinhu pamusoro pokutsanya semwana panguva Civil War.

Masoja pavaiita kupikidura basa, vakati vanogumurwa kubva mumaturi. Zvikuru anokwanisa kumativi vakatumirwa guta Kremlin, yaiva sokuronga inokosha. Nokurohwa mauto aHitler inoramba ichiwedzera tichiregeredza zvakawanda reserves. Panguva ino, Reich akanga yaigarwa zvinenge zvose Europe uye akakanda yayo yose muhondo-vakagadzirira hondo mabvazuva.

Pashure mashoma mazuva weboka Chernyakhovsky yasara pechetatu vashandi. Panguva ino, vanhu vokuGermany vakapedza gumi kurwisa. 16 uye 17 vavo vakaedza taramba ari Novgorod Kremlin uye kuyambuka rwizi Volkhov. Vakadurura machinegun moto uye kurwiswa ushingi. The ezvinhu akaoma akamanikidza murayiro kupinda hondo chinoramba chiduku chengetedza. Anorwisa vokuGermany kwakadzikira pashure chikamu rwokumusoro-rokumadokero mberi vakaedza kuchengeta hombe pakaunda-kurwisa munzvimbo Staraya Russa. Izvi akamanikidza vaNazi kugovana simba. Vamwe zororo akapa mukana kune 28th Division yokubva kumabvazuva kwerukova Volkhov. Dzimbahwe akakurudzirwa kuti unremarkable musha Kunin. Panguva ino, Chernyakhovsky yakawanikwa nemabayo. Nokuda zvikuru zvokuongorora akatumwa kuchipatara ari mberi.

Voronezh

Muna May 1942 Chernyahovskiy Ivan Danilovich (pfupi Biography kuti ndiyo nyaya pakudzokorora uku) kwaitsigirwa kuna Colonel-General. Aida kudzokera tangi Unit, nokuti ichi mhando wamapoka wakayeriswa makore gumi vake basa. Pakupedzisira, iye akagadzwa mutungamiri rechi18 Tank Corps, apo raakasvika July 1942. Chikamu ichi yaiva Bryansk Front - kwete munzvimbo umo vakawanda vakanga vakarwa pamberi.

Panguva ino, southern mirayiridzo yaiva guru pavanotaurirana pakati Germany uye USSR. Kana Leningrad rakanga rakakombwa, uye hondo Moscow akatora chinzvimbo zvakasikwa, zviri steppes zvino kusarudza mugumisiro hondo. Muna July, vokuGermany akakunda Rostov-on-Don. "Operation Edelweiss" akanga aronga kutora kuCaucasus, padzimbahwe racho Reich. muhomba uyu Hitler vaida kuti rupedze Soviet Union kubva anokosha kubva upfumi nemaonero, mafuta kubva Baku uye Grozny.

Maererano nepurani, hondo boka "A" kwaiva kutsvaka kuenda kuti Don uye maguta aya anokosha. Panguva iyo inotungamirwa "B" iri kunangepi akananga Stalingrad inonzi yakachengeteka uye rwemberi rutsigiro. Zviri mirayiridzo iyi yaiva Chernyahovskiy Ivan Danilovich. Biography pamusoro General haana ane kwacho.

July 3rd Army pasi murayiro Paurosi uye Weichs akakomba vanha Oskol uye vakasvika Don. Paiva ngozi Voronezh kubatwa. Panguva iyi, Stalin akadana General Golikova, uyo akati anotumira vavabatsire muchimiro rechi18 Tank Corps Chernyakhovsky. The kubvisa of rehurumende Voronezh kwevanhu. Panguva iyoyowo, iyo matangi ari rechi18 Corps akatanga chakaunzwa dzakapindawo muhondo yacho. Ivo vakapararira Mapoka vakatamira kuburikidza guta, achiedza haana kubvumira muvengi kuenda Don. A akapfuma muchiuto ruzivo, General Chernyakhovsky akamuudza kuti arege kuita izvozvo, asi Golikov kumuteerera uye akarayira kuti ave mukuru mukuru.

Ivan Danilovich pachake akatungamirira mumwe zvikwata kumativi purazi "Drummer" kuitira kuti afuridzire dzavo pasi, uyo noushingi vakatevera kuhondo kuti mukuru (nokurwisa yakanga wakapindwa 14 zvokuchenesa). Muhondo iyi, mumwe goko yakarova motokari yake, iyo Ndokusaka atambira chipaparadzungu. Iye zvakare vanofanira kuenda kuchipatara, asi akaramba kuita kudaro.

July 7 akanga akanyorerwa kudzivirira itsva Voronezh Voronezh Front Army of 4 uye 4 tangi Corps. Zvisinei, pakaunda kunge vasina kubudirira. VokuGermany achiitei Voronezh, akabata Donbass uye ikozvino akatyisidzira rezasi kunosvika of Volga.

At musoro 60th Army

July 25, Chernyahovskiy Ivan Danilovich, ane Biography akaita pasina shure pamberi, akagadzwa mutungamiri 60th Army, rinova achirwa pedyo Voronezh. Vakagadzwa kuti atsive Antoniuk, vasingagoni kukunda mabasa avo.

Gen. Chernyakhovsky, ane Biography aizivikanwa kuti musoja ose pamberi, pakarepo akatora mabasa ake. Akaramba mupomerwi pana Voronezh, nguva nenguva kumanikidza zvavanoda pamusoro muvengi. Mukupera August, vokuGermany mune mamwe mirayiridzo akakwanisa kupaza kuna Volga. Zvino chikuru kurwa zvaitambidzwa Stalingrad, apo hama wakadzikama hwaswedera Voronezh.

In yechando, kana mamiriro ezvinhu ari Volga akatanga kutora chimiro vachida mumauto eSoviet, prices vakatanga kugadzirira hombe pakaunda-kurwisa, zvakange kutora chikamu mauto akawanda, kusanganisira 60th. Vaiva nhengo Voronezh uye Bryansk fronts. Kurwisa rokutanga January 24 akatanga, 1943.

Kutungamirira kutanga kumabvazuva Voronezh aiva Ivan Chernyakhovsky. Biography uye kubudirira nemauto vakava kurumbidza ake zvakanakisisa vachiriita uye Stalin. 25 60th Army akapinda Voronezh uye zvachose kuchiparadza kubva nechisimba. Pakati guta rino uye Kastornov takapoteredzwa nemasimba muvengi, kusanganisira mbiri Hungarian dzimba. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, takagamuchira yakaronga kukudziridza tsamwisa ne kunonyanyisa simba kusvikira mutsetse pamberi hakuna kudzikamiswa. Naizvozvo, zviyero Soviet, kusanganisira Army Chernyakhovsky, mberi akananga vanha Oskol, Kursk uye Kharkov. Panguva iyoyowo, iyo yechi38 Army raiva neutralize akapoteredzwa varwi Reich yayo vakabatana. Communication vezvikwata izvi yakagurwa, vakanga kuzvidzivirira. Zvichakadai, 60 Army musi February 8, akapinda Kursk. Ndaivapo uye Chernyahovskiy Ivan Danilovich, ane Biography kunowedzerwa nomumwe akabudirira oparesheni. Muna March, masoja ake akasvika Diet River.

Kugadzirira Hondo Kursk

Kubudirira of Red Army akabvumira kutanga kugadzirira Hondo Kursk. March 26 Ivan Danilovich namapoka avo vanoshanda kune Central Front. Mutungamiriri wake Rokossovsky akaororwa kuziva jaya General. Danda uye gare gare akataura nezvazvo chete akanaka.

Apo kudzivirira ari Kursk salient, 60th Army akanga ari muhomba pemisoro. Kurudyi kwayo chikamu refutenendi-General volt uye kuruboshwe - pasi pokudzora varwi Chibisova. Nepo mauto munzvimbo Chernyakhovsky (vane Biography waisanganisira siyana pakufamba) akafamba zvose misha dzemo, yaiva pedyo mberi. Hapana imwe nzvimbo, izvo haana kuziva. A yakadzika kuongorora zviri kuitika uye nzeve zvizere kwagara wayo zvirimo.

Aviation Kurovedza tsamwisa German akatanga musi July 6. Mutungamiri Von Kluge akatungamirira kurwisa Reich nokupesana, asi kubudirira ake akanga vaduku chaizvo. It vakakundikana kutama makiromita chete 10, yaiva kunyange chikamu chiduku pakati akagadzirira mberi bhendi (makiromita anenge 100).

Ose mangwanani uye manheru kwaiva kubhururuka yokuzviparadzanisa Mukuru Command, apo vehondo akashuma pamusoro mamiriro ezvinhu ari panzvimbo. Pakati pavo paiva General Chernyakhovsky. Biography uto rakanga rizere misangano uye kukurukurirana, kana zvaitika ezviuru nemasoja.

counterattack

Izvi zvakateverwa rimwe tangi pahondo Prokhorovka, dzikavauraya yakanakisisa chikamu mauto eGermany. Yaiva pokuwa uye kuparara Nazi "nhare" urongwa. Nechekare 23 uwandu mauto eSoviet counterattack vakadzoka zvose akabatwa vokuGermany munguva yavo ropa inogumbura. August 5 pamwedzi guta Orel uye Belgorod vakanga vadzoka pashure pakatanga Hondo Kursk.

Panguva iyo 60th Army vasara shure, vakamirira jana kwavo kusimuka Left-Bank Ukraine. Masoja, uyo akanga apedza mwedzi inoverengeka muna pemigero, vaida chaizvo kurwa. Kunzwa uku hwakafumurwa uye Chernyahovskiy Ivan Danilovich. Short Biography pamusoro General sezvaari dazzles akaita mazuva zvinorwadza kuvandira ari kuhondo.

Zvichakadaro, muMoscow kekutanga munguva yehondo kufanorongwa mafayawekisi kupemberera kudzoka mumaguta Russian. Pakupedzisira, muna mid-August akanga akaita Chernyakhovsky uye Rokossovsky akamuka mirayiridzo idzva inogumbura.

August 30 panguva kusimukira tsamwisa akabatwa Glukhov. Mberi waiva muganhu pamwe Ukraine. Mumakore zuva Chernyakhovsky akakwanisa mberi 60 makiromita. VokuGermany vakanga vari kukurumidza kusiya nzvimbo dzavo. The vakawanda havana kuziva rugare isipi. Aigara vaibva mumwe weboka mumwe, vakati padzimbahwe pamepu, kuwana mirayiridzo parunhare uye teregirafu mitsetse, izvo dzimwe nguva dzakatangwa kumaruwa.

Muna September, zvakanzi akadzokera dzimwe guta: Konotop, Bamach uye Nizhyn. In November 1st Ukrainian Front yakatangwa. Chernyakhovsky, ane Biography yazova muenzaniso wakanaka vamwe vatungamiri, akatora chikamu pakuvhiya zhinji. Kwaiva kuyambuka Dnieper, Kiev uye akasunungura mazana nemisha zvakarurama-bhangi Ukraine.

Chief 3 Byelorussian Front

October 17, 1943 Biography pamusoro General Chernyakhovsky aizivikanwa chiitiko chinokosha. Mukuru akanga paakavapa musoro Hero of Soviet Union kuti ushingi hwavo kana vayambuka Dnieper. Ipapo mukuru aine makore 37, akagadzwa mutungamiri 3rd chiBelorussia Front. Akava gotwe munhu ari Red Army, takaberekwa tine mabasa akadaro. Kubudirira uku risingaenzaniswi yave kubudirira kuburikidza nesimba, ushingi uye zvaiti. Biography pamusoro General Chernyakhovsky, pfungwa, zvifambe chinangwa ichi.

Munzvimbo itsva Ivan Danilovich muchirongwa kusunungurwa mumaguta anokosha akadai Vitebsk, Minsk uye Vilnius. Chernyakhovsky akadzokera panzvimbo paakange akasangana Great Patriotic War. Mushure Soviet reBaltic nharaunda rave rinocheneswa zvisingaiti, nechemberi akatamira munharaunda Germany.

rufu

February 18, 1945 Chernyakhovsky akauya pasi moto mumotokari yake. Zvino pamusoro kweguta Melzak (yaiva East Prussia). Naye motokari yakanga ichiri 4 vanhu, asi hapana akakuvara. Pakanga pasina chinokosha kukuvadzwa pamusoro motokari.

Pane uchapupu hwokuti Biography pamusoro Chernyahovskogo I. D. akamupa mukana kufamba basa kunyange mberi. Somuenzaniso, pana General Headquarters ichagadzirwa chirevo pamusoro awarding iye musoro Marshal of Soviet Union, asi kukurumidza kufa haana kubvumira murayiro kubudisa pepa. General muviri akavigwa Vilnius. Pave paya (muna 1992) chaiendiswa ake yechizvarigo, muMoscow.

Ndangariro Chernyakhovsk

Nguva pfupi pashure kuguma hondo pashure General Yakazopiwa zita rokuti guta wokuGermany Insterburg, rinonzi Chernyakhovsk. Iye hwakatamisirwa Soviet Union, sezvo akanga ari East Prussia (zvino Kaliningrad nharaunda).

General Chernyakhovsky upenyu pachake akanga akaisa pfumo uye hondo zvachose. With vechidiki ari muchiuto, iye, zvakadaro, vakabudirira akaroora. Mhuri aiva nevana vaviri - mwanakomana nemwanasikana uye. Personal upenyu Chernyakhovsky kuziva zvakawanda. Basa rake meteoric akabvisa, akamira zvinouraya shrapnel, vatsoropodzi vakawanda anotsanangura kubatana pa GHQ. Asi zviri zvechokwadi handizvo. Young musoja aiva pamusoro penyika ine chinozunguzirwa uye mumwe, nekuti uri avaida hondo, Red Army vakarasikirwa vazhinji vavo vehondo uye achaunganidza panguva Stalin kuti purges. Vacant nzvimbo rakazvipira somugumisiro vanoshingaira uye unyanzvi, kunyange vaduku, itsva-chizvarwa zvechiuto.

Biography Chernyakhovsky, ane mapikicha zvinowanzotaurwa abatwa muhondo mumapeji mumapepanhau Soviet, aiva shasha zvinhu mabhuku akawanda nyika. Ndangariro General akaramba ari USSR uchinyanya hanya, uyewo zvose kufanana anotyisa nguva.