Panzer Division. Panzer Division uye USSR

Mune hondo ichangopera emakore mabhaisikopo Soviet wakasika yakawanda mafirimu pamusoro zviitiko Great Patriotic War. Vazhinji vavo nzira imwe kana mumwe akabata pamusoro nyaya dambudziko muzhizha 1941. Zvikamu umo mapoka maduku varwi Red Army, aine pfuti vashoma vanhu, Mirai zvinotyisa vanotyisa hulk pamusoro (basa ravo vakaita sheathed pamwe plywood T-54 kana zvimwe michina ano), vakasangana mumabhaisikopo kakawanda. Pasina kupokana vakashinga Red Army, kupwanya aHitler velha, mutengo vachiongorora Statistical dennye nyore kune ano muverengi anofarira munhau. Zvakakwana kuenzanisa dzose sechivako tangi weboka of Soviet Army uye Wehrmacht, nechokwadi chokuti yechiFascist simba nevarwi vemifananidzo sirivha dzokuongorora mashoma kuwedzeredzwa. With mukuru wedu yepamusoro uye kwave kune quantitative zvinobatsira, kunyanya kuoneka yechipiri yezana hondo.

Mibvunzo kupindurwa

Panzer Division akatsvaka kuMoscow, vakabata dzavo yakakurumbira Africa kana hapana akakurumbira boka, uye dzimwe nguva kuparadzana. Sei zvakadaro zvakaitika kuti nyika, iyo yakaitirwa kwemaindasitiri, nevakange cyclopean maindasitiri uye kuzvidzivirira mukana, akarasikirwa kwemwedzi mitanhatu hondo huru chikamu nharaunda yayo uye mamiriyoni vemo, akakundawo wokutanga, akakuvadza uye akafa? Zvichida vokuGermany vakanga zvimwe monstrous Matangi? Kana musangano maumbirwo michini nemauto dzakabatana Munopfuura Soviet? mubvunzo uyu matambudzo edu vomunyika vane nhoroondo nhatu post-hondo. Chete yechiFascist German tangi nokupesana zvakasiyana nezvedu?

Sechivako Soviet warrior mauto muna 1939-1940.

Kusvikira June 1939, Red Army aiva mana tangi Corps. Pashure Mutevedzeri vanhu commissar Kudzivirira E. A. Kulik akatungamirira basa aongorore basa General Staff, vakatanga nokubatanidzwazve ezvinhu pasi ari mhando wamapoka. Zvikonzero chinja pasuru mamiriro anogona chete wafungidzira, asi mugumisiro chisikwa 42 tangi zvikwata, vakabatwa azvaitwa, vashoma nezvidimbu michina. Ungangove, chinangwa zvinhu vakava inobvira Implementation ane yoku- remauto dzidziso, ichipa yokuita yakadzika rakapinza inokosha tsamwisa kushandiswa. Zvisinei, kare pakazopera gore pamusoro varayirwa I. V. Stalina, pfungwa iyi yave yakadzokororwa. Panzvimbo brigades dzakaumbwa kwete yapfuura warrior uye michini Corps. Mwedzi mitanhatu gare gare, muna June 1940, nhamba yakanga yakasvika pfumbamwe. Sechivako nechimwe kubva staffing zvinoshandisa pakurima 2 uye tangi 1 Motorized Division. The tangi, akavapindurawo, yaisanganisira pamusoro regiments, motorized inifanduri, atirari uye vaviri tangi zvakananga. Saka, michini Corps akava akaoma simba. Akanga ane warrior chibhakera (anopfuura chiuru vanotyisa michina) uye simba guru atirari uye inifanduri rutsigiro nemoyo zvakafanira kwezvivako, achivimbisa rinokosha basa hofori mashandiro.

prewar zvirongwa

Soviet tangi weboka prewar nguva yakanga vakapakata 375 michina. A nyore Kuwanziridzwa mufananidzo uyu 9 (nhamba michini Corps) akateverwa 2 (nhamba mapoka casing) rinopa mugumisiro - 6750 warrior motokari. Asi kwete ndizvozvo zvose. Saizvozvowo 1940 vakaparadzana mapoka maviri akaumbwa, zvakare tangi. Zvino zvakaitika akatanga kuvaka risingadzivisiki impetuosity. Chaizvoizvo mwedzi mina pamberi kwa yeNazi Germany, Red Army General Staff afunga mamwe makumi maviri michini Corps. The hurongwa ndiko kuzadzisa zvizere murayiro Soviet haana nguva, asi kwacho zvakwatanga. Izvi runoratidzwa nokuwanda 17 muviri, akagamuchira muna 1943 nhamba 4. tangi Kantemirovskaya Division akava akatsiva kubwinya uto guru reuto pakarepo mushure kukunda.

Chokwadi Stalin zvirongwa

29 michini Corps muzvipoka zviviri, pamwe zviviri munhu. Total 61 In nerimwe staffing pakati 375 zviyero, chete zviuru 28 375 Matangi. Ndicho chirongwa. Uye chaizvoizvo? Zvichida nhamba idzi ndidzo chete mapepa uye Stalin aingoda kutarisa kwavari, uye yake yakakurumbira nenyere kusvuta?

Muna February 1941, Red Army zvipfumbamwe michini Corps akanga anenge 14,690 tangi. Muna 1941, Soviet kuzvidzivirira indasitiri yakabereka 6590 motokari. Tikafunga nhamba idzi, Chokwadi, muduku pane yaidiwa 29 kuti zvivakwa (uye kuti 61 Panzer Division) 28 375 zviyero, asi mukuru muitiro chinoratidza kuti zano iri kazhinji kuitwa. vakatanga hondo, uye chinangwa, kwete tarakita zvose miriwo vaigona kukurira wakazara unongotaura. Zvinodiwa nguva kuitisa okukurumidzira kubvisa, asi Leningrad "Kirovets" vakawanda yakanga blockade. Uye vachiri akaramba kushanda. Chimwe Zirume tarakita-warrior, HTZ, aitoita nevaNazi muna Kharkov.

Germany isati hondo

Panzerwaffe Mauto panguva nechisimba Soviet Union akagarwa matangi ari uwandu 5639 zvidimbu. Heavy haana pakati pavo, T-I, akabatanidza nhamba iyi (kwaiva 877), anogona kunzi zvakawanda kuti tančík. Sezvo Germany yakanga hondo dzimwe fronts, uye Hitler aida nechokwadi pamberi mauto ayo Western Europe kurwisa Soviet Union, akatuma haana zvose dzake dzokurwa nadzo, asi zvikuru kwayo, vanenge 3330 michina yakawanda. Kunze chambotaurwa nezvacho TI vaNazi vaiva Czech Matangi (772 hrs.) With zvikuru pasi yetsiva unhu. All midziyo isati hondo hwakatamisirwa achangobva akasika mapoka mana tangi. Zano iri sangano akaratidza pachayo panguva utsinye muEurope, asi muSoviet Union zvakaratidza kuti isashande. Asi, mapoka vokuGermany vakanga nokukurumidza vakarongeka mauto, rimwe nerimwe raiva 2-3 muviri. Wehrmacht tangi mapoka vakanga vakabata muna 1941, anenge 160 warrior motokari. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti risati kurwisa USSR, nhamba yavo yakawedzera nekaviri, pasina kuwedzera yose rengarava, izvo zvakaita kuti vasanyanye murwiyo neimwe.

1942. Pantsergrenaderskie regiments kuti tangi mapoka

Kana muna June uye September 1941, mauto eGermany akakurumidza mberi zvakadzama ndima Soviet, nokuda mumatsutso tsamwisa kufambira. Initial kubudirira, zvinoratidzwa zvakatipoteredza yakabudikira zvikamu pamuganhu, razova kubva June 22 kusvika kumberi, kuparadzwa uye kupambwa zvakawanda mumatanda of Red Army, iyo kubatwa hombe nhamba nemasoja nyanzvi navatungamiri, pakupedzisira akatanga kupererwa zvavanokwanisa. Pakazosvika 1942, nhamba yevashandi motokari vakaunzwa kune mazana maviri, asi nekuda inorema nezvinhu izvozvo kugona kuramba mumwe weboka. Tank armáda Wehrmacht akarasikirwa kupfuura aigona kuwana sechinhu we. EchiShinto akatanga rename pantsergrenaderskie (vakanga kazhinji maviri), izvo kazhinji kuratidza sezvamunoita yavo. Infantry chinoumba anotanga idzore.

1943, Structural Kugadziridzwa

Saka, weboka German (tangi) muna 1943 raiva maviri regiments pantsergrenaderskih. Rakanga vaifungidzira kuti pane mumwe rechiuto zvinofanira kuva mapoka mashanu (4 pfuti uye sapper 1), asi tsika kubatwa mana. Pakazosvika zhizha zvinhu hwakawedzera kuipa, yose tangi hondo yaiva weboka (imwe) zvaiwanzoitika mumwe rechiuto Pz Kpfw IV matangi, kunyange panguva ino mubasa paiva "Panther» Pz Kpfw V, izvo zvinogona kare kunzi kune boka svikiro matangi. Nzira itsva yakakurumidza vakauya pamberi kubva Germany neobkatannoy kazhinji rotsva. Izvi zvakaitika pakati kugadzirira "Operation paShushani", kureva yakakurumbira Hondo Kursk. 4. Tank Division akanga akaita zvinhu tactical chikwata yakanga yakasiyana quantitative zvekushandisa kugutsikana, kubvira 149 kusvika 200 motokari muna 1944, vokuGermany pamusoro Eastern Front tangi mauto. Mugore iroro riri tangi mauto chaizvoizvo kurega kuva, uye vakatanga reshape zvakajairika.

SS kupesana uye vakaparadzana battalions

Kushandurwa uye nokubatanidzwazve kwakaitika Panzerwaffe dzakamanikidzwa. Material vanowanzotambura kuhondo Nokurasikirwa, akaputsa, uye indasitiri of Third Reich, rakanga kutadza zvinhu, handina nguva kuti yokuzoshandisa kuderera. Of rinorema michini pakubhadhara matsva (ACS-vanodzima "jagdpanther", "jagdtiger" "Ferdinand" uye tangi "Mambo Tiger") kuti aumbe inokosha battalions, ivo rutivi tangi kupatsanurana, sezvinoita mutemo, haana kusvika. Transformations inini zvinenge hapana SS Panzer Division, kuonekwa vapfumi. Paiva nomwe:

• "Adolf Gitler» (№ 1).
• "Das Reich» (№ 2).
• "Vakafa musoro» (№ 3).
• "Viking» (№ 5).
• "Gogenstaufen» (№ 9).
• "Frundsberg» (№ 10).
• "Hitleryugend» (№ 12).

battalions yeMunhu Ega uye SS Panzer Division akashandisa German General Staff chaiwo reserves dzinounzwa kuna zvikamu kumberi zvose kuMabvazuva uye West zvikuru ngozi.

Soviet tangi mapoka

Hondo remakore rechimakumi maviri akanga vaine nharo upfumi zvigadziko. Pasinei chaizvo kubudirira Wehrmacht muna 1941-1942, nyanzvi yokuGermany uto mukati mitatu mushure yakarwisa Soviet Union vakawanda vanonzwisisa kuti kukunda hachisisiri zvichibvira, uye anotarisira kwaari pasina. Blitzkrieg muna USSR haana Takudzai. Industries, iyo kwave kuchiita pamwero mukuru kubvisa, kushanda panguva simba zvizere, ichipa mijenya pamusoro pamberi rwisana yepamusoro unyanzvi. Zvakafanira kuti kuderedza nguva mamiriro inoda Soviet hondo yeimwe havana.

Varindi Tank Division (uye mumwe ari rakapotsa kwete, chinhu honorary rokuremekedza rakapiwa zvose kuenda mberi muhondo vezvikwata pachine) zvakapedzwa muna 1943, nhamba yakazara dzakabatana. Vakawanda vavo vakanga akaumbwa pachishandiswa reserves. Muenzaniso uri 32th warrior Division of Red Banner pakati Poltava, akasikwa pachishandiswa wa1 kuenda neherikoputa Corps mukupera 1942 uye akagamuchira kwokutanga nhamba 9. unotora, tisingaverengi dzose warrior regiments vachiri 4 (matatu vaifamba, rimwe atirari), uye uye antitank rechiuto, injiniya rechiuto, kukurukurirana kambani, ushori uye makemikari kuzvidavirira.