Swim dundira hove: tsananguro, shanda

Muviri hove rakanyatsojeka kunzwisisa uye multifunctional. Kugona kugara pasi pemvura swimming manipulations pamwe kuita uye dzigadziridzwe nokugadzikana anokonzerwa chinokosha nemamiriro muviri. Kuwedzera zvatinosiita kunyange munhu nhengo mumuviri pemvura navagere dzakawanda akapa dzinonetsa zvikamu, vachibvumira kugovera buoyancy uye isimbe. Essential muchirevo chechinyorwa chino ane dzinoshambira dundira, inova kuenderera ura. Maererano Masayendisiti akawanda, muviri anogona kuonekwa sechinhu aizotangira mapapu dzevanhu. Asi hove izvozvo anoita basa zvikuru, izvo hakungoitwi chete kuti mhando nepakati chaitika.

Paumbwe dzinoshambira dundira

Kukura sefuro anotanga dukutu, kubva foregut. Most Freshwater hove ngaunyatsobata muviri ichi hwose. Panguva kwebhuku mazana mu matema furaya asi hapana gasi sezvamunoita. Nokuti kwayo zvekupfakira furaya mhepo anouya pamusoro uye anokunda anodiwa musanganiswa oga. In danho embryo kukura swimbladder yakaumbwa sezvo outgrowth kuti dorsal musana uye zvakachengetwa pasi. Zvadaro, chiteshi unobatanidza chikamu ichi yegurokuro, nokupera. Asi ichi hachisi zvose vanhu. Pahwaro kuvapo uye kusavapo gwara iri rakakamurwa hove uye zakryto- physostomous. Munguva Muchiitiko chokutanga, overgrowth dzedenga mutsinga dzinofamba nemukaka, uye magasi vari pedzera kuburikidza neropa capillaries mukati madziro sefuro. In hove physostomous muviri ichi chokuita ura nomumhepo mutsinga dzinofamba nemukaka, uye umo gasi rokubvisa.

Gas akazadzwa dundira

Gas kenza nevezera dundira iri nani. Zvikurukuru, vanobatsira kuvandudza nayo, kana zvakakodzera, kuderedza kusashanda dzvuku muviri vakaumba gobvu rirambe richibvira Network. Sezvo kunangiswa kwokudzvinyirira nehove physostomous ndiko nomumugwagwa kwaitora nguva pane kuti zakrytopuzyrnyh kwemarudzi, vanogona kukurumidza kumuka kubva pakadzika pemvura. dzimwe nguva apo kuredza vehove rechipiri mhando zvinochengetwa sezvo swimming dundira makabuda pamuromo. Izvi imhaka yokuti mugaba riri inflated pamwe kufambira pave pemvura kubva pasi. hove idzi, zvikurukuru, vanogona kunzi knot, kuti knot uye sticklebacks. Vamwe zvikara kuti vanorarama pasi, kwakaderedza zvikuru sefuro.

hydrostatic basa

Fish dhudhumira chinhu multifunctional muviri, asi ayo chikuru basa iri kudzikamisa zvinhu zvakasiyana pasi mvura. Ichi chinhu kushanda hydrostatic hunhu, izvo, sezvinei, anogona kuchiiswa zvimwe zvikamu muviri, izvo kunosimbiswa mienzaniso hove kuti havana sefuro yakadaro. Zvisinei, chikuru basa rokubatsira hove kuramba zvimwe dzakadzika, apo uremu mvura misha nomuviri unoenderana mukanyiwa wacho. In tsika, kuti hydrostatic basa kuonekwe sezvinotevera: panguva nguva kunyudza yezviri muviri compressed pamwechete sefuro, uye kana zvichiita pamukwidzwa nekusiyana, iri anombotwasanudza. Muitiro kuombekwa mukanyiwa misha vhoriyamu kunodzikira uye igova isingasviki kurema hove. Saka hove anogona achadonha hakuna kumbondinetsa. Rezasi ari svetuka, dzakanga kumanikidza simba uye zvikuru compressed muviri. Reverse pezvakaitwa kuitika panguva yaikwira - gasi anowedzera, zvichiguma akwanise guru uye hove nyore rinobuda.

kutsinga dzinouya

Pamwe chete hydrostatic kushanda ichi mabasa muviri, uye mune dzimwe nzira imwe kunzwa rubatsiro. With payo, hove anganzwisisa ruzha uye vibration wave. Asi mano ichi vasina siyana - vari muboka rine unyanzvi ichi zvinosanganisira kabhu uye Catfish. Asi omumwe inzwi pacharo hazvipi dzinoshambira dundira, uye boka rose miviri kuti icho ndohwavo. Special tsandanyama Somuenzaniso, kungamutsawo vibrations sefuro masvingo, izvo chinoita vibration nezvekufadza. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti mune dzimwe mhuka dzine sefuro yakadaro, zvachose ndisipo hydrostatics, asi vakaramba mukana maonero mazwi. Izvi zvinoshandawo kuchitendero hove benthic kuti dzinopedza hwavo panguva iyoyo pamwero pasi pemvura.

chengetedza mabasa

The minnows nguva ngozi Somuenzaniso, akusunungurirei gasi kubva dundira uye kubereka chaizvo ruzha distinguishable congeners dzavo. Hatifaniri kufunga kuti kurira inotungamirwa riri chinyakare uye haagoni kunzwisisa nevamwe vagere pasi pemvura nyika. Gorby yaizivikanwa vehove humming uye ichinguruma ichiti giriri ruzha. Uyezve dzinoshambira dundira hove gurnard iripo, chaizvoizvo kutya murayiro US Ngarava dzepasi pemvura munguva yehondo - vakanga kuratidza dzinoita mitinhimira. Kazhinji Zviratidzo izvi zvichiitika nguva huta overstrain hove. Kana nyaya imwe hydrostatic dundira basa oparesheni kunoitika pasi pokudzora nechitarisiko dzvinyiriro uye ipapo ruzha inotungamirwa kunoitika sechinhu chinokosha inodzivirira chiratidzo kuumbwa vachingoshandisa hove.

Umo hakuna dzinoshambira dundira hove?

Kunyimwa ichi nhengo Parusnikova hove, uyewo mhuka kuti vari pedyo pasi upenyu. Zvinenge zvose deepwater vanhu kuita pasina dzinoshambira dundira. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvakaitika apo buoyancy inogona nechokwadi ne nzira nzira - kunyanya nokuda mafuta kuwanda kwavo nemano kwete shure. Ramba Kugadzikana mamiriro ezvinhu kunoitawo kuti yakaderera arambe achirema muviri mune dzimwe hove. Asi pane zvimwewo Misimboti kuramba hydrostatic mabasa. Somuenzaniso, ari dzinoshambira dundira rehove haina inopiwa, saka anomanikidzwa kuramba zvakakwana kudzika kunyudzwa nokuda nokubatabata mumuviri uye zvimbi.

mhedziso

Pasina, nyanzvi dzakawanda vanovhomora zvakafanana pakati kufema nhengo dzakavandika dzevanhu uye hove dundira. Kunoita izvi shanduka ukama womuviri, ari akapoteredza izvo zvinofanira kufungwa uye magetsi marongerwo rehove. Chokwadi chokuti dzinoshambira dundira hakusi rinowanikwa marudzi ose ehove, kwahunokonzera kusawirirana. Izvi hazvirevi kuti muviri basa, asi dzinotsanagura ayo atrophy uye rutapudzo anoratidza mukana Itai pasina chikamu ichi. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, hove rinoshandiswa kuti rakafanana ari hydrostatic womukati mafuta uye arambe achirema repasi muviri, uye mumwe - the zvimbi.