"The gamba nguva yedu ': nhoroondo pakusikwa yokufungidzira

Nyaya iyi kuna yokufungidzira "A Hero Chenguva Yedu". History kwezvisikwa zvake anonakidza uye zvisinganzwisisiki. Tichiri havazivi mashoko pakarepo basa Mihaila Yurevicha Lermontova mashoko basa. Izvi imhaka yokuti zvinhu hwakawanda huripo vashoma pane zvishoma Stationery uye drafts zvinyorwa, uyewo uchapupu vakararama mudetembi uye munyori pachake.

Pasinei neizvi, Zvishoma nezvishoma achiunganidza ruzivo zvakakodzera uye zvinhu, tinogona recreate munhu tsvagai achagoverwawo huru nzendo uye vamwe mashoko yokunyora mabasa Mihailom Yurevichem "Hero Chenguva Yedu". Nhoroondo yokufungidzira ichi, icho vaiona pamusoro nyanduri, ichakurukurwa nesu maererano mashoko aya.

Memories Shang Giray

AP Shang Giray ndangariro dzavo anotipa mamwe mashoko pamusoro nguva nyanduri pamusoro basa iri. Hama neshamwari Nyanduri aiti "Hero Chenguva Yedu", nyaya kwezvisikwa yatiri kunetseka, kwakatangwa Ndadzoka kubva Lermontov wokutanga reference, muSt Petersburg muna 1838. Most lermontovedov kuomerera papfungwa iyi maonero. Asi pane mashoko anoratidza kuti gwaro kare "Taman" rakanyorwa 1837. Nhasi anozivikanwa Authorised kopi yokufungidzira ichi chakaratidza Viskovatov, zvichireva kuti chinyorwa ichi chakanyorwa Shang Giray, hama Lermontov, izvo okupedzisira dzimwe nguva zvokutaurira zvaakanyora. Kunenge "Taman" akanga achinyora kuti gwaro shanduro, kwete pakarepo (ichi runoratidzwa kuchena makopi).

kubvuma uku kunosimbiswa anoverengeka hama dzake uye vakararama Nyanduri. Somuenzaniso, Grigorovich, uyo akaona ine siginicha basa, akanyora netsamba dzake kuti nyaya "Taman" rinonzwika kubva pakutanga kusvika pakupedzisira mumwe chete harmonic nevaya. Asi kana iwe tora rokutanga manyoro, zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti izere inoisa, peremarana, rine zvakawanda mavanga pamusoro chitete glued zvidimbu mapepa.

ndangariro Zhigmonta

Grigorovich, zvinosuwisa, hapana pamusoro pana ari siginicha, uyewo pamusoro muridzi izvozvo. Asi nhasi pakaziviswa mumwe ndangariro kuti resonates nyaya dzinoitwa. Muna 1947 akabudisa kunyorerana PS Zhigmontom, hama nyanduri, ake wenhoroondo dzoupenyu rokutanga, P. A. Viskovatogo. Zhigmont yakashuma kuti wakafanana 1839 muna Stavropol mudetembi sketched "Taman" uye akabva akapa mufananidzo Petrov, uyo aigona kuponeswa.

Kudanana izvi zvakaitwa nenzira yakadaro, hafu yezana remakore pashure chiitiko, uye munyori netsamba akanyora, haana chokwadi musi. A. V. Popov yakati kuti SO Zhigmont Lermontov vakasangana 1837 muna Stavropol, uye muna 1839 mumwe wavo muguta rino haana. Somugumisiro, gwaro "Taman" rinofanira kunzi 1837.

kwaunenge Lermontov mumazuva basa riri chigadzirwa

Hwaro yokufungidzira ichi chinozivikanwa kuisa zvakaitika muna September 1837 Mihailom Yurevichem chiitiko. Muna November, akanga atova Tiflis. To iyi ndeyedu ake pane kuziva gadzira vanoda "Ndiri Tbilisi." Zvinogutsa Anoti nei I. Andronikasi, kuti maiva utachiona kuti "fatalists" uye "Taman". Ungafunga kuti nemhaka yokuti "munhu syncretic pfungwa" Zano iri migweje uye kunzwisisa, munyori akasarudza kuiganhura zvidimbu zviviri, sketched vokutanga "Taman", panguva rwendo muna November-December 1837, uye ipapo "fatalist". Ndiwo mavambo kuti zvibereko "Hero Chenguva Yedu" nyaya zvisikwa. Topic uye nganonyorwa sezvamunoita kwave kuchiita kuchinja mune ramangwana, zviri awedzera vakazoroorwa vaviri chete, pakutanga kuparadzana, zvidimbu. Muna December, achidzokera atova Petersburg, mudetembi akamira zvishoma muna Sevastopol, apo akasangana naye S. O. Zhigmontom uye Petrov, nehama dzavo. Panguva ino, rewriting kuti "Taman", Mikhail pachena akasiya gwaro rake Petrov. Kureva, zviri ipapo kuona Grigorovich.

Kana zvakanyorwa "Taman" ( "A Hero Chenguva Yedu")?

History of (muchidimbu mativi ose nyaya) mberi. Mashoko inounganidzwa nokudaro achititadzisa kutaura kuti basa iri gwaro "Taman" rinoreva nguva kubva September kusvika December 1837, sezvo muna September, mudetembi yakanga Taman uye mukupera December, Mikhail akasiya Sevastopol. Panyaya iyi, zvingaita sokuti, tinogona simbisai kuti zviri ichi, kwete muna 1838, sezvo pfungwa ne vaongorori vakawanda yakatanga chigadzirwa kugadzirwa "Hero Chenguva Yedu". History kwezvisikwa zvake, saka kuti anovhura kubva September kusvika December 1837.

Pasinei zvinobatanidzwa "Taman" kune yepakutanga pamuviri of yokufungidzira?

Zvichakadai, mhedziso iyi anokurumidzisa, sezvo pane uchapupu hwokuti "Taman" Pakutanga haana achizivawo zano yokufungidzira, iyo yakabuda akazotevera, sezvo akanga asina muzvirongwa mufananidzo Pechorin gamba iri yokufungidzira.

Chokutanga, zita protagonist chinoshanda "Taman" haambotaurwi kutaurwa. Chechipiri, inozivikanwa kubva "Princess Mary", chimiro chinoyananisirwa kuna Caucasus kuti rudzi "kare." Asi haruzvitsvakiri somunhu gamba, "Taman" chete kuti vachibva St. Petersburg kuutapwa.

Chechitatu, mune zvose nyaya enganonyorwa zvechokwadi vataurwa kana varatidza Maksim Maksimych, "pachishandiswa mutambi", unova zvinyorwa zvokupikisa pamusoro Pechorin. Chete mu "Taman" vasipo.

Panewo chikonzero chokudavira kuti "fatalist" zvakanyorwa choga, ichiteverwa "Taman", havambozivi yokufungidzira ichi, sokuti, pakutanga 1838, musi paakadzokera St. Petersburg Mikhail Yurevich.

The peculiarity rokusika muitiro Lermontov

A chepfungwa rokusika muitiro, munyori uyu yakafanana basa akawanda zvidimbu. Pamwe kukura kutanga shanduro yokufungidzira "A Hero Chenguva Yedu", nyaya kwezvisikwa inorondedzerwa munyaya ino, mudetembi vakamboshanda pamusoro wedzero mudonzvo "The Demon" wokupedzisira. Muna September, wechitanhatu rakapera muna 1838, muna December - wechinomwe uye wechisere - muna January 1839.

The rokutanga reShanduro

In "Anocherechedza of Yababa" rakabudiswa neZvapupu "Bhera" muna March 1839.

Muna August wegore iroro akapedza nhetembo "Mtsyri", uye panguva nenguva ino, akatanga vanyatsodzidziswa "Hero Chenguva Yedu" kudhinda. Zvino paiva yekudyidzana yakachinja Kuronga yokufungidzira - zviri pamusoro novella "The Fatalist". Mberi, saka, nhoroondo yokusika. "Hero Chenguva Yedu" kunzwa panguva ino chinyorwa chepiri. Information pamusoro wokutanga vakasvimha, asi tinogona kugumisa kuti painyanya chete mabasa "Maksim Maksimych," "Bella" uye "Princess Mary".

Kugonesa "fatalist" akatendeukira kuva makemikari, zvikurukuru nokuti akanga achida yomukati pakati Pechorin uye munyori. Uyezve, bhuku iri yaibata rinokosha matambudziko evanhu vezera, Lermontov ano.

The nechekuita mukugarisana kwebasa iri akasimbisa philosophising pamusoro yokufungidzira uye akapa mukuru kudzika mufananidzo Pechorin.

Tinoramba kutarisa basa "Hero Chenguva Yedu". Nhoroondo yokufungidzira, pfupiso anoratidzwa ne anotevera zvimwe zviitiko.

The reShanduro chigadzirwa yechipiri inoreva 1839, nguva kubva August September. Zvino raiva maviri nyaya pfupi uye mbiri enganonyorwa, "The gamba nguva yedu." History of kusikwa itsva murwiyo wokupedzisira shanduro zvichabviswa kurondedzerwa pazasi. In shanduro iri chigadzirwa yakakamurwa muzvikamu zviviri: weGurukota manotsi, rinova narrator, uye katsamba hunhu. Boka rokutanga inosanganisira nyaya "Bella" uye nyaya "Maksim Maksimych," uye wechipiri - nyaya "fatalist," uye nyaya "Princess Mary".

The yokupedzisira chigadzirwa dzokororo

Tinoramba kutaura zvaiva basa iri nhoroondo yokusika. "Hero Chenguva Yedu" pakupera 1839 kwave kuchiita kuchinja mune gadziriro itsva kune rimwe bhuku. Panguva iyi, chokupedzisira kare chakaunzwa mariri "Taman" umo narrator mashandiro ave "Fatalist" gamba zvakave nokuiswa kuna munyori-narrator. zvakanga nhanhatu "zvitsauko" iri shanduro iyi. It kunosanganisirawo "Musumo" kuti manotsi ari gamba - "Journal of Pechorin" - iro Belinsky se "musoro", tichitarisa kukosha kwayo. In chinyorwa ichi Nyanduri iri muzvikamu zviviri yokufungidzira kuti maviri okutanga chete raireva. Uyewo mukunopera ichi zvakasikwa anorondedzera kutsunga yokupedzisira rokuti chigadzirwa.

Kusunungurwa wokupedzisira shanduro yokufungidzira "A Hero Chenguva Yedu"

Nhoroondo yokufungidzira chinoguma sezvinotevera. Muna February, mvumo kusenza kubereka basa iri. Book muna April 1840, akapinda pasero Papera gore yakabudiswa rechipiri edition, rinosanganisira sumo kuti basa rose, vakasikwa Lermontov, sokuti, muna February 1841.

Saka, pakupedzisira, kuona "dzakafuridzirwa" nemamiriro yokufungidzira "A Hero Chenguva Yedu". History of pakasikwa basa iri, uri mumwe chakanakisisa muzana remakore rechi19, ichi ndiwo magumo.