The mummies pamusoro Pharaonic Egypt

Ancient Egypt zvimwe ndiyo inozivikanwa rekare kwebudiriro wenyika. Vanhu vaigara pamahombekombe aNairi kwezviuru zvemakore BC, akanga yayo nevamwe vanamwari uye akapfuma tsika. In akakurumbira pfungwa pamwe muIjipiti vari zvikuru chokuita mummies Farao, izvo zvakabata mubereko wayo chakavanzika uye kuva munhu chitendero rufu.

zvichireva pakuomesa zvitunha

VaIjipiti vekare vaidavira kuti pashure pokufa munhu akatumwa kune humwe upenyu. Naizvozvo, dare vagari vakawanda vakapfuma uye nesimba munyika pashure porufu hazvo pasi pakuomesa zvitunha. Izvi zvakaitwa kuna Farao, vaprista, vairemekedzwa. Process chitunha kurapwa izere siyana nezvehukorokodzwa zvakanga chete kuzivikanwa muna Ancient Egypt.

Sedumwa vanhu venyika African vaidavira kuti mummies Farao kubatsira vadzo kuti kungobuda kune humwe upenyu. Mugore vakawanda kuziva rave simba pfungwa kuti vatongi vane mavambo naMwari, zvinoita ukama hwavo remweya mananara kunyatsotevera. Mummies vanafarao vakavigwa anokosha makuva - the mapiramidhi. Style Uku mapurani yakanga yakasiyana nedzimwe Egyptian kuvamba, yaiva isina kumboitika utsanzi munyika yekare. Hapana reMediterranean kana chinhu chakadai kuMesopotamiya haana kuvakwa. Yakakurumbira ndivo mapiramidhi ose Giza.

Pfungwa pakuomesa zvitunha

Pakuomesa zvitunha kwainzi yakawanda vaaida, asi chaizvoizvo zvaigona kutengwa, kana munhu aida kuwana rugare vari pashure porufu, uye kana aiva mari inokwana kuita kudaro. Asi pakanga mishonga iripo chete vanafarao uye nemhuri dzavo. Somuenzaniso, chete mitumbi yavo vakaiswa anokosha mumidziyo (Canopic). Kuti izvi zvidaro, chitunha unotemwa munzira chaiyo. Makomba azara mafuta, iyo batanidza mumazuva mashoma. Masters, vakanga vanobatanidzwa pakuomesa zvitunha, vaiva neropafadzo munzanga. Vakazivikanwa dzisingambosvikiki vamwe Sayenzi kuvigwa. Over emakore Egyptian budiriro, zvakavanzika izvi havana ngakuzivikanwe mamwe marudzi, zvakadai sevaSumer.

Mitumbi akachengetwa mumidziyo pedyo sarcophagus yacho Amai. Zvakavanzika vanaFarao vakavigwa nemiviri yavo. Muguva zvaiiswa zvose pachavo zvinhu, maererano muchitendero vaEgipita vekare, hereinafter kugara yaiitirwa varidzi mumwe nyika. Zvimwezvo zvakaitika pezvitunha kuti vaifanira kudzokera vanaFarao, kana vachava mhiri upenyu.

Processing Amai

Kupatsanurwa muviri chikapwa, izvo zvinogona yakareba kusvika mazuva 40. The nzira inoita kuti tipone kwemakore akawanda. Kuti muviri havazotadzi chimiro chayo kubva dzinongoitika urongwa, zviri azadzwa chaiyo mhinduro, izvo kusanganisira avo yaiva uye yavaibvisa. Zvakafanira zvinhu embalmers abudisa pamahombekombe aNairi, yaiva rwizi dzvene yebudiriro.

The mummies Farao muIjipiti yave kubatwa beauticians uye nevezvimwewo. Panguva yokupedzisira Danho muviri zvemapuranga aine mafuta Wakisi chaiyo, nebwe nezvimwe zviwanikwa ingredients. Pakupedzisira, mutumbi akaputirwa pamwe mabhandeji uye akaisa ari sarcophagus, waiisa masiki paari. Total pakuomesa zvitunha kwacho kunotora anenge 70 Mazuva uye zvaisanganisira basa vakawanda vanhu. Trade chakavanzika akadzidziswa vapristi dzeboka vanamwari veIjipiti. Buritsa zvakanga zvisingabviri. Vatadzi vakatongerwa rufu.

Valley wemadzimambo

Pamwe Amai muguva vakavigwa uyewo zvose pfuma wemufi: kushongedzwa, fenicha, goridhe uye ngoro, izvo vakawanda kwave chiratidzo kuva huru munzanga. nhengo imwe mhuri, sezvo mutemo, aiva guva rake, iro rakava crypt mhuri. Vanochera matongo vakawana pakati mapiramidhi ose mummies anoverengeka. Paiva nenzvimbo tsvene, iyo yakavakwa kunyanya yakawanda mapiramidhi. Vakanga vari kumaodzanyemba yeEgipita. Ndiyo Valley reMadzimambo Mupata Queens. It akawana ake vamiririri rugare Dynasties akawanda akatonga yekare mamiriro.

Guta guru rekare weIjipiti raiva guta Thebes. Zviri panzvimbo yaro yakakurumbira Valley reMadzimambo. Zviri guru necropolis, yaiva vazhinji mummies Farao. Mupata yakawanikwa anenge netsaona nemasayendisiti Rasulov hama panguva rwendo dzavo muna 1871. Kubvira ipapo, basa matongo haina akamira kuti zuva rimwe chete.

cheops

Chimwe chezvinhu rakakurumbira ndiye Amai pamusoro paFarao Cheops. Akatonga Ijipiti xxvi remakore BC. e. zvavakaita aizivikanwa dzekare kare, kusanganisira Herodotus. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti Farao akanga zvechokwadi chikuru, kunyange kana zvichienzaniswa ayo vamutangira uye vatsivi, nekuti mazita akawanda vanaFarao havana dzakararama ipi munhoroondo kunobva.

Cheops aiva yomudzvinyiriri, zvinorwadza akaranga vachikanda wake chero chikanganiso. Akanga tsitsi vavengi vake. unhu ichi aiziva kuti vatongi vekare muEgipita, ane simba, sezvo vakararama vakatenda vakaburuka vamwari, kuti Farao apiwe carte Blanche chero chero paangodira. Panguva iyo vanhu havana kuedza kukunda. Cheops Zvakazivikanwawo nokuti vakarwa Sinai Peninsula kurwisa Bedouin.

Pyramid of Cheops

Asi mukurusa budiriro waFarao iyi chaiwo chepiramidhi, iyo yakavakwa kwake Amai. Vatongi yeIjipiti aigadzirira rufu rwake pachine. Nechekare munguva upenyu waFarao akatanga kuvaka Pyramid yake, apo akanga kuwana zororo husingaperi. No anosiiwa mutemo uyu, uye KHUFU.

Zvisinei, Pyramid ake chinokushamisa yayo kukura vaairarama zvose uye nezvizvarwa kure. Waibatanidzwa ndandanda nomwe zvinoshamisa munyika kare uye ndiye chete Monument muurongwa urwo rwakatora kusvikira nhasi.

Chitendero dzakaoma pa Giza

Kurasika Amai waFarao muIjipiti akachengetwa mukati guru labyrinth pamusoro corridors mukati meimba pa 137 metres. Nhamba iyi Munopfuura chete pamagumo XIX remakore, kana mu Paris kwaiva Eiffel Tower. Cheops pachake akasarudza nzvimbo guva rake. Vakatanga kubhadhara iri mundima ano guta Giza. Muzuva rake raiva kuchamhembe kumucheto kumakuva eNofi yekare - guta guru muIjipiti.

Pamwe chete remazera akakura chivezwa of sphinx Great akasikwa, iro rinozivikanwa munyika haasi kupfuura chepiramidhi pachayo. Cheops aitarisira kuti munguva nzvimbo ino ichava kunzwisisa kuti tsika zvivako kuti chigaro chake.

dzaRamses II

Chimwe Farao kukuru muEgipita akanga dzaRamses II. Akatonga akawanda hwake refu (1279-1213 gg. BC. E.). zita rake akaburuka munhau Vongai akatevedzana rutsigiro rwemauto pamusoro vavakidzani vavo. Ari zvakanakisisa anozivikanwa nokuda vachinetsana vaHiti. DzaRamses akavaka zvakawanda muupenyu. Yaakasimbisa maguta akawanda, dzakawanda iyo yave nezita raro.

Raiva gavhuna uyo akachinja uye wakashandurwa the Ancient Egypt. Mummies vanafarao kazhinji pasi gravediggers kuvhima. Ndaiva asingasiyi, guva dzaRamses II. Vapristi veIjipiti akaona kuti wamambo necropolis rakaramba. Nepo ekare huchiripo, muviri mutongi uyu reburied kakawanda. Chokutanga, Amai waFarao dzaRamses yakaiswa crypt baba yake. Hazvizivikanwi chaipo kana sacked, asi kuguma vapristi vakawana nzvimbo itsva kuti muviri. Vakatanga makanyatsovanzira Zvarevashe rweberere Farao Herhor. Pane zvakare kunge akaisa mummies mamwe makuva, vakapamba amakororo. Yakanga chitunha Thutmose III uye dzaRamses III.

Pakurwisa muguva makororo

Nzvimbo yokuvanda sezvayakawanikwa chete XIX remakore. Chokutanga awana Arab guva makororo. Panguva ichikosha yaiva bhizimisi, nekuti ari sand African ndivo yakawanda fuma, akanga atengeswa nomutengo zvakanaka European vachiri pamusika dema. Kazhinji, inodzivirira vanopaza vanofarira pfuma, uye mabwe anokosha, kwete mummies kubva Pharaonic Egypt. Photo mumatongo makuva zvinoratidza ichi muitiro.

Zvisinei, kare muzana XIX remakore, zviremera muIjipita ndakasika ushumiri chaihwo, izvo inocherechedza pamutemo vagotengeseranamo Antiquities. Nokukurumidza tsime kwezvishongo yakawanikwa. Saka muna 1881, ari Amai dzaRamses kuzivana mumaoko masayendisiti. Kubvira ipapo rave akachengetwa mumamiziyamu siyana. Nokudzidza nayo, masayendisiti munyika yose chichiwedzera mashoko matsva pamusoro pakuomesa zvitunha. Muna 1975, mapfupa vakanga pasi yakasiyana panguva Kuchengetedzwa nzira, iyo yakabatsira kuchengeta kupona kwebhokisi kare.

nyaya iyi - zana kubudirira zvakanyanya nokuda masayendisiti. Kazhinji, pavanowana guva idzva, haana chinhu vakasara, kusanganisira mummies. Zvakavanzika vanaFarao uye pfuma yavo emakore akakwezva adventurers uye vatengesi.

Tutankhamun

Dzakakurumbira tsika yakakurumbira Amai pamusoro Tutankhamun. Izvi mitemo Farao ari muduku kuna 1332 kusvika 1323 BC. e. Akafa makore 20. Muupenyu hwake, haana akamira ari dzinotevedzana vamutangira uye vatsivi. zita rake chakazozivikanwa nokuti kuti guva rake raiva isina kumbobatwa nenhubu vekare.

Modern kwesainzi akaita kuti zvibvire kuti kudzidza muudzame Amai ezvinhu jaya afa. Pamberi kuti zvakanga uchenjeri kwakajairika kuti King Tut akanga nechisimba anopondwa regent ake. Zvisinei, izvi hazvirevi kuzosimbisa pacharo Amai raFarao weIjipiti. The chepiramidhi, pazviri yaichengetwa, rakanga rizere hombodo dzemvura mushonga nemarariya. Modern DNA kuongorora haana rakatonga kuti jaya akanga achirwara nechirwere chakakomba, nekuti icho akafa nguva isati yakwana.

Apo chikwata matongo vakaona guva muna 1922, akanga azere ose nemamwe zvaishandiswa. Ndiro rinda Tutankhamun kubvumira sayenzi yemazuva kuti recreate zvakatipoteredza umo vakanga vaviga mummies Farao weIjipiti. Photo guva pakarepo kupinda Western wokudhinda uye akaita kutekenyedzwa.

Kutukwa vanaFarao

Chimwe chikuru hype kumativi neguva Tutankhamun rakatanga apo Ishe Dzhordzh akafa pakarepo Carnavon, iyo mari pakudzidza dzinowana kure. The wokuEngland akafa Cairo pahotera achangobva nayo yakavhurwa neimwe crypt wekare. Nhau pakarepo akanonga nyaya. Munguva pfupi pakanga itsva akafa, vawadzane matongo rwendo. Pachaunga nerunyerekupe kuti pane kutuka rawa pamisoro vaya akapinda muguva.

Akakurumbira nemaonero aiva nepfungwa yokuti anokonzera zvakaipa aiva Amai waFarao. Photos vakafa ndokuwira nevakawanda kudzokororwa zviziviso zvorufu. Nokufamba kwenguva, kwaiva Anorambwa naPetro kuti unscrewed ngano chituko. Kunyange zvakadaro, kuti ngano rava yakakurumbira nyaya tsika dzokuMadokero. In XX remakore, vanoverengeka chikabviswa mafirimu takaitwa pakubata kutuka.

Kazhinji nokuda kwavo musoro Ancient Egypt awana kukurumbira pakati nevoruzhinji huru. Zvikazikamwa, chero nhau inooneka chete kana mumwe Amai. Guva vanaFarao, vangadai kuchakasimba uye isina kumbobatwa, uye haana kuwanikwa kubva kuwanikwa Tutankhamun.