TU 22m3: nokurondedzerwa ndege (mifananidzo)

Supersonic bhomba Tu-22M3 pari ichangobva womuenzaniso dzinotevedzana kumberi Ndege codification «zvinovapandukira». Nadzurudzo of shanduka-geometry bapiro wakasikwa kutsiva zvisingachashandi TU-16. Mutsva "M3" vanokwanisa kutakura zvombo simba, kugadzirisa matambudziko inokosha, kuti kure ndege. Mune International kupatsanura pakati Tu-22M3 Ndege ndezvaJehovha kirasi pakati uto ndege.

Zvinangwa uye chinangwa

Chombo "M3" nadzurudzo rakanakira kwebhomba kurwiswa panyika nomugungwa zvivako kuti ruvengo. Anorova anobudiswa uye vakakwanisa zvombo ndege. Tu-22M3 Ndege vaigona kurova huru iri boka ndege uye singly chero nguva, kunyange kupfuura rwakashata mamiriro ekunze.

Kudzivirirwa pakurwisa kunze kuburikidza redhiyo-yemagetsi anokosha kudzvinyirira kuti kukanganiswa yazvino mhepo kuzvidzivirira. To musi, hapana bhomba nani, izvo zvinogona yakarova optically zvisingaonekwi vanonangwa pa dzakakwirira aimhanya kupfuura Tu-22M3. Zvinoitwa ndege kuti kuvapo apo kurwisa nzvimbo diki ane kunonyanyisa yakakwirira. To musi, nadzurudzo iyi anokwanisa kuita zvinotevera mabasa:

1. Kukurirwa chinokosha kubva uto pfungwa maonero maindasitiri zvivako zviri yomuvengi rwemberi.

2. Kuparadzwa nezvinangwa munguva yehondo inokosha mauto uye avhiyesheni.

Mapoka panguva imwe nguva kushorwa Anti-ndege moto 3. Kurwisa chikepe.

4. Kusurukirwa kuvhundutsa mauto muvengi kubva kuuya uchishandisa reserves.

5. Statement kuti kukanganiswa uye ruzha uchirwisa nendege uye akatungamirira zvombo.

6. Intelligence Management pamwe kunonyanyisa uye avhareji yakakwirira.

7. Kubuda siyana kushanda mhepo kudzivirira nemauto, navies uye fronts.

History chokusika

Wide kugadzirwa nadzurudzo TU-22M kudziviswa pave zvinodhura uye kunzwisisa ruzivo. Zvisinei, magadzirirwo yambokurukurwa imwe nzira itsva kuti kusikwa zvakasikwa kuvhunduka bhomba. Chokutanga, mainjiniya akasiya pfungwa chete-rudzi anorwisa. Aongorora zvose, vakasarudza kuvaka multi-rudzi ndege kuti aizokwanisa kuita zvakasiyana altitudes uye aimhanya uye panguva imwecheteyo kuparadza muvengi simba pamwe kunonyanyisa nemazvo. Kuzvipedza kwaiva kutanga pfungwa shanduka geometry mapapiro. Kusiyana yapfuura yokutevedzera, kuti Tu-22M3 kumberi unhu unokubvumira kuti kusimuka kubva kupfuura monica mupanda nokuda warheads. Chisarudzo kugadzira navanopinda bhomba yakaitwa muna 1974 mu neDare Vashumiri USSR. Hwaro michina mitsva akaenda kunowedzera Kuznetsov NK-25 injini. Zvisinei, yokutsiva chirongwa haina mari. Inini mazuvaano uye chombo magadzirirwo uye aerodynamics. Somugumisiro, kuvandudzika vakanga yekudyidzana kwakaderedza kurema ndege.

Pakazopera 1970 zvakanzi raparurwa kugadzirwa kumapati makuru "M3", iro pakarepo mushure bvunzo vakapfuura pakuenzanisa Soviet Air Force. Mumwe mukuru kusiyana kubva rapfuura muenzaniso kwaizowedzera nokutsauka pakona rimwe bapiro kusvika 65 °. Izvi akabvumira kuvanza redunhu fairing magungano hydraulic kutenderera chikwata. Uyewo zvakanga miforo fuselage uye nani yetsiva giya. Uyezve, kwenguva yokutanga yava raiswa contactless uye hydro emagetsi zviri musimba wedzerai gadziriro pamusoro Tu-22M3.

rwokugadzira unhu

Chimiro bhomba iri resimbi cantilever monoplane. Location of bapiro - paavhareji, shanduka, yakatsvairwa. Muswe chikwata - chimwe-zenze. Chassis - retractable, tricycle. Zvinokosha Tu-22M3 nokurondedzerwa kabhini. It anokwanisa kutakura 4 vanhu. Panyaya iyi, vashandi vemo akaisa vaviri vaviri: mberi - vezvikepe maviri, shure - the aidzidzisa uye aidzidzisa. The fuselage zvakare anomirira chakaumbwa kuvakwa. The furemu yanyatsosimba pamwe longitudinal matanda. Mapapiro - coffered, dvuhlonzheronnoe zvinosanganisira centre bapiro, muhombe dzakabatana uye SCHK. zvikamu zvose zviri interconnected integrally. Sezvo mafuta Matangi vaishandisa caissons. Rapid maneuverability runowanikwa ichibhabhamisa pamusoro inonyaradza uye zvikamu zvitatu kubva kutenderera chikwata. Vertical muswe vakasunungura uye keel kukurukurwa.

The yakasiyana injini ndege Tu-22M3 unhu kubvumira kuti vabudirire vaise afterburner rudzi, kusvika zviuru 20 Madzimabo. Saka kufadza nokukurumidza ndiyo 2300 km / h, mu cruising muoti - 930 km / h.

utariri Features

The TU-chombo keriya 22m3 nzvimbo yemutekenyi aimiririra longitudinal uye transverse stabilizer, navaparadzi uye vakasunungura kudzora gadziriro. Controllability kunokwanisika kuburikidza kurova-rova uye famba nhengo. Kana netsaona zvarakasiya nemwero akabata stabilizer.

Ko kupa booster Tu-22M3 kudzora hurongwa. Features wamapapiro zvinoita kuti vabudirire ane Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri pakuenzanisa hydromechanics muhombe zvinoriumba uye avionics Electronics. With bhomba ichi inogona kupa Kuda kutamba pa pamakona kubva 20 kusvika 65 inegumi. Kunyaradzai ndege kurova-rova kutsigirwa chinzvimbo nokuda kukweshera. The huru zvinhu ndivo wekushandisa michina onboard dzakasvikwa NK-45 zvakaoma, iyo PNA radar uye Manyiminya kuona OPB-015T, uye chombo nhungamiro maitiro uye otomatiki chiteshi AFCS-145m. Kukurukurirana pakati vaunoshanda nokuramba SDA-7.

Arsenal nedziviriro

To musi, mumwe kupfuura vakatya uye simba achishandisa mhepo kurwiswa inongova bhomba Tu-22M3. Details of shock- chikamu Ndege uchapupu. Vakabata supersonic ndege - anotungamirirwa chombo KH-22. Uyezve, bhomba ane akazvitsaurira mupanda kurwa michina muuto nhengo.

On vnutrifyuzelyazhnyh chokugadza zvokunze ejection nokunyaradza anogona Vanosimudzirwa 10 X 15 mhando zvitundumuseremusere. In gruzootseke pane chinokosha matanda kuturika mabhomba uye zvimbambaira kusvika 3000 makirogiramu. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti kufadza mutoro kuti uinako ndege ndiyo matani anenge 24. Kuti vazvidzivirire pakurwiswa muvengi chombo vakapakata pfuti maitiro gs-23 pamwe pakuvara kadambari chikwata uye radar. Kufurirwa chipingaidzo uye Detective TU kunzi 22m3 yakaoma "Ural-M".

rwisana chikumbiro

Bhomba mumwe mukuru mhepo akarova mauto munguva yehondo Afghan mukupera 1988. The vaimbopota muBosnia, muChechnya padenga rokudenga vakatonga Tu-22M3 uye third-31-MB. Joint kutiza supersonic ndege yakaitwa rokutsigira kurwiswa ndege nokuda kokuyerera hadzitani.

Muzhizha ra2008, vanoverengeka modernized Tu-22M3 akaita akarova zvainanga inokosha inokosha pfungwa vokuGeorgia hondo muna South Ossetia. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti hapana yokutevedzera pane akatevedzana TU-22M kumbobvira aita kunze kwenyika, kunyange zvazvo rave akafarira China uye India.

okunatsiridza Major

Panguva iyoyo pane vaviri chete yemhando kushanduka bhomba:

1. muenzaniso TU-22m3M akarega sighting hurongwa SVP-24-22. Mazuvaano rave ndavhiyiwa wekushandisa uye kombiyuta yakaoma.

2. TU-22m3R ari ushori ndege, ane Chinangwa chikuru chemusha ari jamming muvengi rokushandira enyika. nadzurudzo iyi haana kugamuchira rakafara kushanda.