"Vanoramba 775" - ane experimental Soviet chombo tangi: unhu, zvombo

Kunyange asati hondo vagadziri munyika dzakawanda vave kuedza akawanda kusika munhu chombo tangi, izvo sezvo huru zvombo kushandisa kutungamirirwa zvombo. The pedyo chinangwa ichi akaswedera mainjiniya German, uyo pakupera kweHondo Yenyika II vaiva vokutanga akamisa Anti-tangi runotungamirirwa zvombo, asi kuti varatidze vakawanda kugadzirwa vasina nguva. Wokutanga kufembera ATGM akagadzwa kuva chombo chikuru pamusoro French matangi. Izvi zvakaitwa muna LT AMX-13 muna 1959-1960. Papera chinguva pfungwa yakafanana yakanga vakanonga nokuda mainjiniya Soviet, uyo muna 1964 kwakamutsa kumumvuri ane tangi vangasimudzira itsva "Vanoramba 775". Small uye nimble kurwa muchina aine chombo zvombo simba aifanira kuva mabhanan'ana chero motokari muvengi.

Kudzokera zvinokosha

Ndinofanira kutaura kuti mainjiniya Soviet yechipiri yezana remakore rechi20, akanga atova chiitiko mazano chombo matangi, zviri USSR mukutanga 30-ies zvenyika wokuenzanisira mukirasi iyi nemauto RBT-5 zvemichina yambokurukurwa yokutanga (nanhasi haina akachengetedzwa, nanambuya - Bt-5 - zvinogona kuonekwa vachishanyira tangi miziyamu muna Kubinka). Rakanga akashongedzerwa maviri unguided zvitundumuseremusere, yakanga kamari survivability, duku siyana maronda uye akawanikwa basa, ndokusaka kukura racho nokukurumidza kwakaregwa. Kwemakore anopfuura 30 masayendisiti Soviet kunge dzawana ruzivo kukura warrior michina. Mukuwedzera, hope munhu anotungamirirwa Anti-tangi chombo akanga dziri chokwadi, Anti tangi uye rava kushingaira kushandiswa munyika kwete chete European asiwo United States. izvi zvose chamuita kuti kutanga mabasa ari kukura Soviet chombo tangi.

Basa rakatanga muna 1962 pahwaro of kuChelyabinsk Tractor Plant ari kugadzirwa kuhofisi. Project Manager vakagadzwa Isakov Pavel Pavlovich, uyo panguva ino scored kusikwa boka vangasimudzira itsva motokari nemauto - BMP. Kuva chiitiko chikuru, akatanga zvinganaka kwete kushongedzera ATGM ano, uye kuumba tangi idzva.

Tangi pamwe chiwanikwa

KB CTZ mainjiniya akakwanisa kuita zvisingabviri - kwenguva shoma pfupi (makore asingasviki maviri), vakakwanisa kusika mutsva, zvakazara muhondo-vanokwanisa chombo tangi. Izvi zvinogona kutsanangurwa ndechokuti kukura yakaitwa nenzira mbiri panguva imwe chete - somunhu dzakabudirira dzakasiyana pamusoro Anti-ndege zvinoita zvokukandwa hurongwa uye hutsva pamasikiro tangi. The chikwata zvemainjiniya inotungamirirwa Isakov aifanira kusika kuti tangi "Vanoramba 775" chassis idzva, uyewo marongerwo zano. Tinogona kutaura kuti basa rose rakanga kupedzwa March 1, 1964.

Kukura SAM March 30 vakatanga, 1963-ndipo. Basa raiitwa panguva imwecheteyo kuumba nemhando mbiri - "Astra" uye "Ruby", zvakanakisisa yaifanira kushandiswa senzvimbo chombo chikuru. SAM "Ruby" vakaziva nemijenya Scientific uye Technical Council of 1 March 1964 yakanaka kuita.

SAM "Rubin"

SAM budiriro chikwata vagadziri mubasa Kolomna KBM Shavyrina achitungamirirwa Boris. The kunzwisisa rinosanganisira redhiyo murayiro nhungamiro maitiro uye 125-mm runotungamirirwa zvombo, masendimita 150 refu. Funga sei kwakasarudzwa kusimbisa "Vanoramba 775" zvombo ichi mhando.

Kuti varove atambudzwe kwakanga zvakakwana kuvaunza imwe michini danda. Kusunungurwa projectile pakarepo akasimuka nokukurumidza 550 M / s uye tofambira kare vertically kurongwa 500 mm gobvu dzokurwa ndiro ari chinhambwe 4 km. Izvi, pamwe mukuru mwero (5-6 dzinenge / Nha), akabvumira SAM achiparadza chipfuro nyore. Zvisinei, kunzwisisa iyi inokosha drawback - kana chipingamupinyi, kunyange smokescreen akabudiswa projectile "mapofu", akatsauka kubva chipfuro uye akasiya kuzvinzwira destruct. Zvadaro, chokwadi ichi haabvumirwi kutora imwe experimental Soviet chombo tangi kupinda basa.

Zvombo pameno

Kukurira chezvinangwa chombo tangi raigona kushandiswa kwete chete "Ruby" zvombo, asiwo "Dutu", izvo zvave zvishoma simba, uye vakakwanisa kupaza ane 250 mm dzokurwa nenguva kure. Mukuwedzera, taishandisa uye unguided mukuru-putika zvitundumuseremusere "Bor" ane kunonyanyisa zvakawanda 9 km kukundwa.

Kuti nokuparura zvombo pakubhadhara siyana muna db-9 zvakananga kuti "Vanoramba 775" yakazokudziridzwa nepfuti "D-126" caliber kuti 125 mm. Aiva Semi-otomatiki vachizvitakudza mashandiro, stabilizer 2E16, dzikamisa payo ndege mbiri, uye neKomisheni wechuru-opareta. Just zvombo zvaisanganisira 72 chombo - 24 ATGM "Dutu" mhando 48 uye kutaipa Nursi "Bor".

Mukuwedzera, tangi akanga nepokuongorora 7.62-mm tangi pfuti SGMT kuti raigona kushandiswa kurwisa mauto uye chiedza warrior motokari.

Akaoma musoro uye asingaoneki

Kana "Vanoramba 775" vakapinda vakawanda kugadzira, zvaigona kunzi asingaoneki tangi muparadzi. Uye kuvonga zvose yayo gungano zano uye rinokosha marongedzero vaunoshanda - mutyairi uye wavarwi.

Vakanga vari chaiyo mupurasitiki Kamudzira, iri neshongwe, izvo zvinogona tenderera pamwe nayo. Uye nzvimbo mutyairi akanga rinokosha design, izvo akabvumira kuti nguva dzose kutarira mberi chero nzvimbo reshongwe. Implementation zvakagadzirwa mhinduro vakakwanisa kuderedza kukwirira tangi - zvino nokuda kudzivirirwa aigona kushandisa kunyange zvishomanana crease nzvimbo. Mumuchina zvakare nepokuongorora nomazviri entrenching uye mapurasitiki lining, izvo kwakaderedza simba zviito ionizing mwaranzi vaunoshanda iri zvinoitirwawo pakuputika yenyukireya. izvi zvose yekudyidzana anowedzera survivability yacho tangi.

tangi mwoyo

On the "chinhu 775" akanga akaisa 5-humburumbira Diesel injini 5TDF inokwana 700 litres. p., iyo kare kushandiswa T-64. Kunochingura zvinodiwa itsva, injini kwave pasi dzokororo chiduku. No shanduko kwakasarudzwa kushandisa mvura-dzaserera, kutapukirwa maviri 7-bhendi transmissions. Isakov asarudza kusiya torsion kuturika wemuTesitamende nyasha hydropneumatic kuturika. Izvi mhinduro akabvumira tangi kushandura ake Clearance kururamisa achityaira. Mavhiri pamwe munyika damping maitiro, uye makwara vane silentblocks yave akakweretwa kubva T-64.

The tevera dambudziko

Pasinei mukuru maneuverability, survivability, namano uye yakakwirira firepower, rikaratidzwa mumunda nemiedzo, mota pamusoro maoko haana kushandisa. Kusvikira zvino akaramba chete imwe mharidzo, izvo zvinogona kuonekwa vachishanyira tangi miziyamu muna Kubinka. Zvikonzero izvo havabvumirwi kutanga mukanyiwa kugadzirwa motokari, zvizhinji:

1. Low rakavimbika kutungamirirwa hurongwa.
2. Murombo maonero vashandi dzeminda, izvo kwakakonzerwa pasi siluetti mumotokari.
3. Yakagozha mudziyo, zvinoda zvinopfuura zvinhu panguva gadzira.

"Chinhu 775" akapa pave idzva bazi rechiuto midziyo - matangi, murwi ndege. Gare gare musi yayo yakazokudziridzwa ne "Vanoramba 780" uye akanga dzakabudirira "Vanoramba 287", asiwo vamiririri wokurera uye havana kugamuchirwa. Zvinotarisirwa kubudirira chete IT-1, iyo vakagamuchira akanakisisa wamadzibaba avo, uye akava "zvakachena" chombo tangi.