3 Ukrainian mberi: yetsiva nzira. 3rd Ukrainian Front: Kuronga

Muna 1943, Mukuru Patriotic War rakanga chipatapata achiri. Zvava pachena kuti urongwa kukunda Soviet Union Nazi mauto ne "blitzkrieg" akakundikana, asi Germany kwakanga kuchakasimba zvakakwana. hondo kwakadaro hwomuzuva inogona kukundwa chete ukuru mu manpower uye midziyo pamwe kumhedziso murayiro uye Kufambisa kuti zviito mapoka makuru vezvikwata zvechiuto. Mumwe yeimwe izvi raiva 3 wokuUkraine mberi, uyo akafanana zvachinja kubva nguva nenguva.

3 History of Ukrainian Front

uto New hwakagadzwa mumazuva mashomanana pashure paumbwe 2 Ukrainian Front - October 20, 1943. Chisarudzo kusimbisa mberi kuti atore bheja Supreme Wehondo Stalin kuti Red Army. Kutaura zvazviri, 3 Ukrainian Front, vachirwa nzira yakanga yakazara dzinoverengeka hondo inobudirira, ayo akafanana asina kupesana itsva Red Army, nokuti yaisanganisira hondo uye Corps vakarwa South-Western Front.

Izvi renaming rokutanga bapiro Pfungwa zvinoriumba. Sei? Red Army panguva iyoyo rinenge vasunungurwa kumatunhu ari RSFSR, aidzorwa nevaNazi, uye vakapinda nharaunda rweUkraine. Vazhinji vachati: saka chii? Uye pano ndipo kwiza! Sunungurai Ukraine, kuti dura kuti Europe Naizvozvo fronts vachava Ukrainian!

3 Ukrainian mberi: Kuronga

At mumatanho siyana mune murwiyo mauto kwaisanganisira akasiyana STRUCTURAL dzakabatana. Muna October 1943, uri kuti, pakarepo pashure ayo rezvisikwa, pamberi rine zvikamu zvakadai: Guards (1st uye 8th Army), Air Force (6th, rechi12, 46TH, 17th Army). Muna 1944, mberi akanga yanyatsosimba. Dzidziso zvikamu kuti kusimbisa revarwi simba pamberi uye simba kwaibva dzakananga mabasa mauto edu panguva imwe neimwe utsinye. Saka, panguva kuvapo nechemberi dzakanga dzatangwa: mumwe kuvhunduka, varindi mbiri, shanu tangi mauto, mauto akawanda Bulgarian. Mune dzimwe akavhiyiwa rutsigiro raidiwa kubva mugungwa muvhu mauto, saka murwiyo mauto yaisanganisira Danube rengarava. Zviri remubatanidzwa siyana rwisana zviumbu kazhinji kupa achida mugumisiro.

Command 3 Ukrainian mberi

Panguva Kuvapo 3 Ukrainian Front akavatungamirira 2 Mukuru: Malinovskiy Rodion Yakovlevich uye Tolbuhin Fedor Ivanovich. Marshal Malinovsky pachake ari musoro mberi kubva chawo - 20 October 1943. Malinowski mabasa echiuto vakatanga chikoro mudiki wacho mukuru mudonzvo, akazobereka mukuru ane platoon kuti muchina Gunners pamwe. Zvishoma nezvishoma chepamusoro, Malinowski takapedza Military Academy muna 1930. Mushure Academy yaaishandira sezvo mukuru mudonzvo emauto chemazana chehondo, akanga mudonzvo mukuru North Caucasian uye Belarussian eruwa nemauto. Aiitawo Spanish Civil War. Panguva Second World War, mauto edu pasi utungamiriri Army General Malinovsky vakakunda kukunda zhinji.

Changing Front utungamiri hazvina chokuita unprofessional kusvika pamusoro Malinowski kutungamirira mauto. Saizvozvo zvichiwedzera ezvinhu muupenyu, raiva Great Patriotic War. Front vehondo zvakachinjwa kazhinji zvakakwana. Kubva 15 May 1944 kusvika 15 June 1945 (musi pokutaura pamberi) boka revarwi rinotungamirirwa Marshal Tolbukhin. Biography ake mauto risati kugadzwa iyi yakakwirira hofisi Zvinoshamisawo. Muna Red Army Tolbukhin kubva 1918, iye muchirongwa Civil War. Nguva dzose aiva mudonzvo mukuru ari Northern uye Western fronts, nekuti pakarepo pashure asapinda Red Army akasiya chikoro mudiki mapurisa. Pashure pokupedza Civil War Tolbuhin Fedor Ivanovich akatungamirira mauto Novgorod rwenyika aiva mukuru mudonzvo 56th uye 72th Infantry Divisions, wa1 uye rechi19 pfuti Corps, uye zvichingodaro. D. Kubvira 1938 (mumwe kuwedzera) waiva mukuru mudonzvo Transcaucasian muchiuto District. Zviri panzvimbo ino, uye akawana hondo.

Red Army akavhiyiwa munharaunda Dnieper

Battle of Dnieper - a zvinokatyamadza pamhemberero yechipiri yezana 1943. Pashure kukundwa pana Kursk kuzvimba , Hitler, Chokwadi, handina kurasikirwa mukana kuhwina, asi nzvimbo yake zvakati kuzununguswa. August 11, 1943 nokuda hurongwa murayiro vokuGermany vakatanga kuvaka kuzvidzivirira nzvimbo mhiri Dnieper mutsetse. Kureva, 3 Ukrainian Front, vachirwa nzira kuti tidzidze, okuchembera zvishoma nezvishoma pamwe nemamwe nemauto eSoviet.

Kubva August 13 September 22, 1943 waiitwa Donbass inogumbura. Izvi kwaiva kutanga hondo nokuda Dnieper. Donbass torazve vaNazi kuti hondo yedu uye nyika yakanga sokuronga kukosha nokuti humwe kupiwa maoko zvakanga zvakakodzera pamberi Donbass marasha. Munhu wose aiziva kuti marasha kubva kuUkraine munguva basa vaNazi vaishandisa.

Poltavskii-oparesheni Chernigivska

In kufanana Pazvinotanga of Donbas kubva 26 August, Red Army yakatanga inogumbura yakananga Poltava uye chernihiv. Chokwadi, izvi ndizvo zvose zvinogumbura yedu haina pamabwe, uye pakarepo, asi vakanga zvakanyatsorongwa uye zvishoma nezvishoma. NevaFascist havana simba dzipa tsamwisa zvinodiwa mauto eSoviet muna chipande.

Achiziva kuti nzira bedzi kumisa kufambira mberi mauto eSoviet vachava chete panguva kuyambuka ari Dnieper, vokuGermany kubva September 15, 1943 akatanga shure. Vaida 3 Ukrainian Front, vachirwa nzira iyo vakabudirira mberi, pamwe nemamwe mauto vakatadza andobata Gungwa Dema zvengarava, kuyambuka Dnieper uye kuenda Crimea. Kuburikidza Dnieper nevaFascist nekutsvaga masimba makuru uye kuvaka zvakakomba masvingo.

Kubudirira yokutanga chokutambudzika hondo nokuda Dnieper

Muna August uye September, mauto eSoviet aiuya akasunungura maguta akawanda uye nenharaunda. Saka, mukupera September, rakachengetedzwa vakasunungurwa Donbass chose. Uyewo pasi Soviet ushe shure maguta akaita Glukhov, Konotop, Sevsk, Poltava, Kremenchug, misha yakawanda nemataundi maduku. Mukuwedzera, munzvimbo dzakawanda (munzvimbo Kremenchug, Dneprodzerzhinsk, Verhnedneprovsk, Dnepropetrovsk) akakwanisa kuyambuka Dnieper otanga bridgehead pamahombekombe kuruboshwe. Panguva iyi, takakwanisa kusika munhu springboard wakanaka mberi nokubudirira.

Movement wamapoka pakupera 1943

Kubva October kuna December 1943 ari historiography hondo govera nguva hondo nokuda Dnieper yechipiri. In hondo ava vaiitawo 3 kuUkraine mberi. Kurwisana nzira mauto edu akanga zvose kwakaomawo, nekuti vokuGermany vakakwanisa kuvaka simba "East Wall" achitevedza Dnieper. Basa mauto edu rokutanga zvave zvichikwanisika kubvisa zvose predmostovye masvingo yakavakwa nevaNazi.

Command akanzwisisa kuti hazvibviri kumisa inogumbura. Uye mauto akanga mberi! 3 Ukrainian mberi (rwisana nzira akayambuka nevamwe mitsetse kwokuonekwa micheto) akabata Nizhnedneprovskiy inogumbura. Muvengi zvakanga zvakaoma chaizvo kudzivirira, nekuti panguva iyoyo akatanga paumbwe mauto kuti nastuplenieya kuna Kiev pamwe Bukrin bridgehead. Large mauto muvengi dzakatsaukira kudzivirira Kiev, nekuti guta rino rinokosha nokuti muvengi pamutsetse, uye wechipiri chinokosha pashure Moscow. Kusvikira December 20, 1943 mauto edu vakakwanisa kuzosunungura maguta inokosha Dnipropetrovsk uye Zaporizhia, vakarikunda guru bridgeheads kurudyi kumahombekombe Dnieper. Zvinogonekawo kuti vafukidze shure revarwi German kubva kuCrimea. Battle of Dnieper yakaguma kukunda mauto eSoviet.

3 Ukrainian pamberi mauto ichishanda ichi zvakaratidza yakanakisisa nzira. Chokwadi, kurasikirwa veSoviet vakanga kukuru, asi mune rinorema kurwa kwakadaro zvakanga zvisingaiti kuita pasina kurasikirwa. Uye padanho kukura mushonga haana sezvazviri ikozvino ...

Soviet Mauto oparesheni kuMoldova

Mauto Soviet muna 1944 uye akaramba asunungure Ukraine. In yechipiri yezana 1944, mauto edu yakatanga inogumbura kuzorwa Moldova uye Romania. Kurwisa izvi kunozivikanwa akaburuka munhau seHondo Iasi-Kishinev oparesheni.

Against mauto eSoviet akanga zvinokosha chaizvo mauto German, mauto uye mapurisa anenge 900 000. Against mauto aya aifanira kurwisa zvakasimba, kuti kushamisika mugumisiro yakanga kubudirira. The tsamwisa yakatanga musi August 20, 1944. Kunyange asati mangwanani musi waAugust 24, Red Army dzakapasanura napakati mberi uye kazhinji 4 Mazuva vakaswedera 140 makiromita kure negungwa. Riri pamuganhu Romania mauto 2 uye 3 Ukrainian Front nomuongorori August 29 kumukomberedza uiparadze pamberi mauto eGermany munzvimbo yacho Prut. Kunobudirira kukurudzira 3 mauto Ukrainian Front kwakatungamirira pokuchinja muRomania. Kwakachinja hurumende, nyika kurwa neGermany.

It kwevazvipiri mapoka akawanda, okutanga yaiva chikamu 3 wokuUkraine mberi rakaumbwa. Kutanga vagari mauto Soviet-Romanian mberi. August 31 mauto inogarwa muBucharest.

Tsamwisa muRomania

The Great Patriotic Hondo 1941-1945 akapa shasha ruzivo kuti Soviet masoja hondo. Panguva kurwa unyanzvi dzakaumbwa kuti tidzivise muvengi uye kuitisa tsamwisa kushandiswa. Naizvozvo, muna 1944, apo uto reNazi akanga asisiri akasimba muna 1941, mukana kumisa Red Army akanga asipo.

Pashure kusunungurwa Romanian murayiro mauto akaziva kuti zvinokosha kufamba akananga muBalkans uye Bulgaria, nekuti pachine kuramba masimba makuru ari Wehrmacht. Vakabvumirwa Romania yakapedzwa muna October 1944. guta vasunungurwa Last Romanian panguva marshbroska ichi - Satu Mare. Uyezve nemauto eSoviet akapinda Hungary, uko pakupedzisira kukurira muvengi.

Iasi-Kishinev oparesheni yazova imwe yenzvimbo kubudirira muhondo, nokuti vakasunungurwa nzvimbo huru, uye Hitler akarasikirwa neimwe shamwari.

mhedziso

Munguva yehondo munharaunda wokuUkraine mauto vakarwa 4 fronts. Mumwe nomumwe wavo chikamu wokuUkraine hondo munhoroondo nguva kubva 1941 kusvika 1944, akabva nekure chiratidzo kuna Ukraine kuti kusunungurwa nechisimba eNazi. Basa rimwe nechemberi, mumwe mugove kukunda muvengi zvinouraya, zvichida, haisati anoongwa zvizere dzakaitika uye vanhu zvavo. Asi zvinokosha kuziva kuti 3 Ukrainian Front, vachirwa nzira iyo yakaguma muna June 1945, akaita rakakura kukunda, nokuti pamberi mauto vakasunungurwa inokosha maindasitiri kumatunhu ari USSR.

The Great Patriotic Hondo 1941-1945 - muenzaniso mukuru zvakapembererwa pakati nemakambani vanhu veSoviet.