Actinidia yokudyara uye hanya North Caucasus, kana kuti kukura kiivi

Actinidia - a mbesa chaizvo yekare, mizambiringa vachikura anogara achinaya mvura, pamberi paiva munhu wokutanga. Actinidia akaparadzirwa kuSoutheast Asia, Far East, kuChina uye Korea. Pakati zhinji mhando chirimwa ichi sezvo zvibereko kushandiswa, kunyanya, mana; Actinidia Argut, Actinidia Kolomikta, Actinidia purpurea kasvi uye Actinidia Chinese kana kiivi. Fruit Actinidia tsika siyana hwokurara tichishandisa yapfuura, vari XIX remakore (dzomusango mhando Actinidia zvidiki zvibereko). I. V. Michurin akataura chirimwa ichi, uye vakauya mhando pakutanga pakati boka. In ezvinhu enyika North Caucasus anogona kubudirira kukura uye zvibereko Actinidia Chinese, vachidyara uye kutarisira akafanana kukura mazambiringa.

Chinese Actinidia akura mu China yekare (richizonzi "Chinese guzubheri"), mbeu vakaunzwa kuna New Zealand, pane Breeders akauya itsva muchimiro muchero guru uye zvinonaka. Pubescent, yendarama-brownish chibereko New Zealand Breeders kwakayeuchidza shiri kiivi - chiratidzo nyika yake yaakaberekerwa. Pasi rino zita - "Kiwi", zvibereko zvitsva uye akava akakurumbira muEurope. Muna 1988, Adler Experiment Station vakaisa miti kiwis okutanga (pamusoro 5ha anotora ichi Actinidia) tichidyara uye hanya, ipapo yakatanga, akakodzera munyoro mumhenderekedzo yegungwa ezvinhu, kunyange Actinidia chinokura zvakanaka makomo (somuenzaniso, pedyo nomusha Krasnaya Polyana).

Kiwi - muzambiringa (muti mukwiri) otonga kukwirira 20 metres, riri hunogara chaizvo, inoda rutsigiro. Matavi Young vatete, nyore kuputswa.
Actinidia dioecious, musi iwoyo chirimwa anogona chete nomukadzi kana chete varume maruva. On rangano, nokuti kuipa pollination, wakasimwa mbesa 8-9 hadzi - 2 munhurume, 5 hadzi, kana - mumwe womukomana Actinidia. Planting uye kutarisira: Ngatitange pamwe kusarudzwa mutsigiri akakodzera. Under Actinidia anogona kuisa chaiyo rutsigiro kukwirira 3.5 metres. Matanda Matanda anofanira dzakasimba, kongiri kana simbi. Ivo tensioned kwakakurudzira waya 5mm. Muna 4 pemitsara. In subtropical nzvimbo zvinogona kuisa yakakwirira, L serin'i rutsigiro. Unogona 'aiisa "kiivi uye gazebo kana pamadziro pakuvaka. Zvakakosha Actinidia chakasimwa vadzivirirwa kubva mhepo. Muna North Caucasus kiivi wakadzikama Winters rubatsiro.

Actinidia vanoda chiedza chakanaka, kugara achidiridzira, yakaorera, vakapedzwa ivhu. Soil acidity 4-6, alkaline nevhu akapfuma karusiyamu nokuti kiivi hakusi akakodzera. Kudyara kiwi gomba kana negorongawo kuwedzera mufudze, chinhambwe pakati miriwo 4 mamita. Kana tichidyara kunokosha kwete anoviga mudzi mutsipa (inogona kusiya pamusoro ivhu pamusoro kubudikidza 2 cm). Midzi mizambiringa yakabva kumwe mumabhatiri firimu mugaba uye asunungurwa nayo chete panguva yokuwana (rootlets akanaka nyore aiyanika panze uye kufa). Akadyara zvinomera dzinobviswa, vachisiya 3-4 atwo simba uye netayi.

Young yokudyara vanoda Kusakura, kudiridza uye mulching. With zvakakwana achidiridzira mumakore 4 makore okutanga inogona kudyarwa pakati miti mastrawberry. Actinidia kushandiswa zvikuru muviri kubva muvhu, saka unoda zvokudya. Nevhu muna North Caucasus, kazhinji, varombo manyowa loam. On nevhu dzakadaro, chisipiti chirimwa hakusi isingawanzowanikwi ruzivo senitrogen nenzara, izvo zvinogona anofananidzira degeneration uye yellowing mashizha uye petioles akatsvuka. Zvakakodzera isa fotereza iri kiivi urea mhinduro (runyoro, kwete kupisa midzi). Ichava kubatsira uye foliar chaikwo urea. Migumisiro yakanaka vari vakawana nokusuma kiivi Organic (mupfudze, chinoitwa ose 2-3 makore 6-10 makirogiramu yokudengenyeka chirimwa). The yakanakisisa mhando inotungamirwa Actinidia - palmette; kuroorwa kana kaviri-Tiered matatu. Huru Actinidia kuchekerera rinoitwa muchando, pakapera January - February, vachitsigirwa zvamakaparadza - muzhizha, mu June - mangwanani July. Inoparadzirwa Woody cheka ose kiivi, akachekwa kubva nhungirwa pagore munguva yechando kuchekerera.
Kwete saka zvakaoma kukura chirimwa ichi - Actinidia, vachidyara uye kuitarisira hapana akaoma kupfuura Somuenzaniso, kudyara maruva munyika.