Aina dze sturgeon. Aina dze sturgeon muRussia

Mubati wehove wese, zvirokwazvo, anoda kutora sturgeon yakanaka. Asi nekuda kwevachengeti, marudzi ose e sturgeon hove akapinda muRubhuku Bhuku sevasingaoneki. Munguva yedu, sturgeon haigone kubatwa pasina tepanisi chaiyo kana zvikwereti zvinobhadhara zvakachengeterwa hove. Kurambidzwa kwekubata hove iyi kunosimbiswa naRybnadzor uye inowanikwa mumitemo yeRussia. Zvechokwadi, havasi vose vanogona kukwanisa kubata sturgeon, asi zvakakosha kuziva kuti zvakakosha. Nzira yekuisa mazai inoitwa muna May-June. Munguva iyi, hove ye sturgeon yakarambidzwa zvachose.

A bit about sturgeon

Ihove dzemhuri ye sturgeon yakaonekwa munguva yeJurassic. Nzvimbo yekugara kwake panguva iyo yaiva nyika yose. Yaiva yakawanda mumakungwa, makungwa uye nzizi dzakadzika, zvinoreva kuti kushandiswa kwe sturgeon kwekudya kwakatanga kubva panguva ye caveman.

Sturgeon - hove yakakura kwazvo, inosvika mamita matatu murefu. Kazhinji vabati vehove vanobata sturgeon, inorema anenge makirogiramu makumi maviri.

Ihove chaizvoizvo haina mapfupa. Mumuviri wayo wakafukidzwa nemapapiro uye bone epaly shell, vertebra ine chirongwa chegumbo.

Ihove dzemhuri ye sturgeon ine unhu hwakanaka uye hunofadza. Vabiki vane ruzivo vanoziva kunyatsogadzirira sturgeon kuchengetedza kunhuwirira kunoshamisa kwekudya nyama. Mune michero yakawanda yenyika, sturgeon ndiyo huru yekudya yefestive tafura. Muzvokudya, ndoga chete haikwanisi kushandiswa, zvimwe zvose (musoro, muswe, fini) zvinogona kushandiswa mukubika. Vadzidzisi vekudzidzira vanoziva iyo vizier - yakaomeswa musana wehove, kubva kwatakagadzirirwa madziteteguru edu anoshamisa. Steaks, shish kebab, chops, chops - zvese izvi zvinogona kugadzirirwa kubva kuna mambo-hove. Zvokudya zvinobva zvinoshamisa zvinonakidza. Cartilage inoshandiswa kumucheka uye kudira, panzeve - nokuda kwe musoro.

Vanodya pamarudzi ose e sturgeon fish crustaceans, mollusks, vana vehove, minye, havazvidzi kudya uye vanokonzera dzimwe hove.

Sturgeon haigoni kuvhiringidzika neimwe yehove. Muviri wake wakareba, fusiform, yakafukidzwa nemitsetse yemapfupa. Kuvhiringidzika kune maitiro akafanana, miromo ine mitsetse uye ine nyama, pane peji yemasitokiti.

Nhasi, 19 marudzi e sturgeon anyoreswa munyika, 11 ayo anogara muRussia. Mhando dzakasiyana dzehove dzinonzi sturgeon dzinozivikanwa nehuwandu hwemitumbi yavo, asi hukuru hunhu husingachinji.

Habitat of sturgeon

Mumakore ose aya, magadzirirwo emagadziriramu akavhiringidza mararamiro ezvisikwa zvehove kuenda kune dzimwe nyika, saka sturgeon yakabva kubva mumvura yaro yerwizi kusvikira kune dzimwe nzvimbo.

• Chinyorwa muchechi yeEurope ndicho chiRussia chinonzi surgeon. Nzvimbo yayo yakakura ndiyo mabhesheni emakungwa eCaspian, Black uye Azov. Kuremera kwehove iyi kunopesana pavhareji kubva pa15 kusvika ku30 kg, kunyange zvazvo hove huru dzezvimedu dzakanyorwa zvakare.
• Nzvimbo dzakaderera dzehova dzakagadziriswa ne sturgeon stellate. Nzvimbo yehugaro hwayo ndiyo nzizi dzinoyerera dzichienda kuGungwa Dzvuku uye Azov, pamwe chete neCaspian Sea. Ivhareji inorema yehove iyi inosvika kubva pa7 kusvika ku12 kg.
• Marudzi e sturgeon hove, mifananidzo yeiyo inogona kuonekwa mumifananidzo, mabhizimisi akabatwa mumakungwa edzimba uye masango. Mumwe wevamiriri ve sturgeon is sterlet. Iyi ndiyo chete mhuka inobvumirwa kubata hove.
• Mitsinje yeEurope neyeSiberia inopinda muActic Ocean, vanhu vakuru vanofananidza sturgeon vanogara. Kurema kwavo kunobva 2 kusvika 3 kg, uye urefu hunobva pamakumi mana kusvika ku60 cm.
• Amur sturgeon anogara muFar Eastern zvikamu uye Amur basin. Kurema kwayo kunobva 6 kusvika 8 kg. Kubvumira kupfura uye kubata hove kunobata hove iyi.

Kubatsira kwe sturgeon

Ihove dzemhuri ye sturgeons inobatsira zvikuru kune avo vanotambura necholesterol yakakwirira. Nokuda kwemafuta acids, cleavage uye kubviswa kwecholesterol kubva mumuviri inoitika. Nenzira yakawanda, nyama inotyisa inozadza muviri wemunhu ne potassium uye phosphorus, iyo inoshanda zvakakwana pauropi uye nemwoyo. Mu sturgeon, nhamba yakakwana yeamino acid uye mapuroteni anokosha, ayo anodyiwa zvakakwana, saka sturgeon haisi kungofadza chete, asiwo chibereko chinovaka muviri.

Simba rinokosha re sturgeon mu kilocalories

Saka, chii chikafu chekudya kwemazana 100 ehove iyi?

• Mapuroteni - 16.4 kcal.
Carbohydrates - 0.0 kcal.
• Mafuta - 10.9 kcal.
• Kukosha kweCororic - 163.7 kcal.

Contraindications uye kukuvara kwe sturgeon

Haisi chakavanzika chokuti mamwe marudzi e sturgeon anodyiwa chete ne 86%. Ichokwadi ndechokuti vanounganidza zvinhu zvinosvibisa mumatumbu avo, saka hazvina ngozi kushandisa sturgeon, iyo inobatwa nehutano hwezvakatipoteredza munzvimbo dzakasviba. Hove yakadaro inogona kuva chepfu. Kwakanga pane kunyange zviitiko zvakanyorwa zvehutu hwehutu. Kana usina chokwadi pamusoro pehutsanana hwehupenyu hwemutambo, zvakanaka kuti urege kupa hove iyi kuvana nevakwegura. Uyewo, usashandisa zvisina kunaka sturgeon kune varwere vane chirwere cheshuga uye kuneta. Contraindicated kushandisa sturgeon kuti ive zvokudya kune avo vane kusagamuchirwa kune nyama yehove iyi kana zvimwe zvakafanana neyegogiramu.

Zivo inofanirwa kubata sturgeon

• Kana uchivhima sturgeon, hapana nzira inokosha yekubata. Mhando dzose dzehove dzinonzi sturgeon, urongwa hwehwu hunosanganisira sturgeon, munzwa, beluga, stellate sturgeon uye sterlet, kazhinji sekudzika. Ikoko ndiko kwavanogona kuwanikwa.
• Zvakakosha kutarisa hove iyi nesimba, usarara pasi. Haana vavengi, saka haatyi.
• Kupinda muzvombo zve sturgeon ane zvombo zvishoma-simba ibasa rakaoma, saka usashandise paunenge uchibata mutezo.
• Nekunyoreswa kwakarurama muhove kuti ufare kare-hazvirevi kukunda kwakakwana pamusoro pe sturgeon. Icho chichiri kudikanwa kushandurwa. Kana zvisingakwanisi, zvadaro zviri nani kutema tambo. Fixed facts of death, apo mubati wehove anongopinda mumuganhu. Mhando dzose dze sturgeon (mumifananidzo iri pamusoro, somuenzaniso, yekutanga uye yechipiri, unogona kuona kuti hove idzi dzakasimba kwazvo). Iwe unofanirwa kuchenjerera kana uchinge uchishambadzira kudzivisa chero rudzi rwematambudziko.

Mutemo weHove

Muna 2012, Federal Law yeChipatimendi cheFisheries yakashandura mabasa ayo ose kuHurumende yeHurumende. Vakasimbisa mitemo yekubata hove uye yekutengeserana. Iro mitemo inonyatsoreva kunhara imwe neimwe, dziva uye gungwa, uko iwe unogona hove.

Mhedziso ndeyomumwe - nyatsoverenga mitemo yekubata, iyo inorayirwa kune marudzi ose e sturgeon muRussia. Kune mavara mazhinji, saka zvakakosha kuongorora zvaunokwanisa uye kuongorora mitezo yemutemo kuti musangano we "pakavanzika" ne sturgeon unogona kusanganisira.

Bait

Hazvisi zvakaoma kufungidzira kuti bhii ndiyo yakanaka kune sturgeon, nokuti isu tatoziva kuvaravira kwayo. Iyo inodya pane dzakasiyana siyana shellfish, crustaceans, minye, fry. Kune hoit hairi kubhururuka, inofanira kusungirwa nehutachi ku hook.

Sturgeon inongotarisa kunhuhwirira chete, saka hoit inofanira kuva yakasvibiswa sezvinobvira. Kana hoit yemiriwo yakabva, inogona kuomeswa nemafuta kana kuti anise mafuta. Iyo nyuchi yemhuka yakabva inofanira kubviswa nekiki kana anonisi. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha chichava kubata sturgeon yehait kubva kuchidziva chimwechete sehove pachayo.

Zvakanyanya kuoma kubata sturgeon. Ihove iri yakasimba kwazvo uye inokurumidza, uye kuruma kwayo kunopinza. Chenjerera: iwe unoda kusati wambosungwa uye kushivirira - chero zvakadaro, iwe haugoni kubvumira zvakanyanya kubva mumuganhu. Kuchenesa simba jerks nemakumbo akavhara.

Chii chichazotora kuti uvhime?

• Simba rakasimba kubva 4 kusvika ku 6 m.
• Ceramic kana aluminium zvindori zvine simba.
• Coil.
• Rutsanga rwakareba, rwakasungwa uye rwakasimba (40-45 m, ine 40 Ibs).
• Hook yechisere yechisere.
• Sinker (kuchengetedza chero ipi zvayo ikozvino).
• Leashi kubva pamasendimita makumi mashanu kusvika ku90 nemashamba maviri.

Munguva yechando, kuwedzera kune zvose zviri pamusoro apa kuwedzerwa ku-alamu, yakagadzirirwa nehututi uye kutenderera.

Asi pane hove duku. Sturgeon haadi fukisi yakakura kwazvo yekurovedza pamusoro pemvura, sezvo caviar yefry iri mumutsara inova yakaoma. Zvechokwadi, iwe unogona kuisa hove yakasviba, asi izvi zvinosanganisira kugadzirwa kwezvikokovonho zvikuru uye kudyara kwehaiti yakakura. Apa ndipo pane chakavanzika chikuru chiripo. Sturgeon haazogadziri pabhait guru - iye anoda chiyero mune zvose.

Zviduku zviduku zve sturgeon uye dzimba dzavo

• MuRussia, unogona kusangana nemiti inonzi sturgeon muOb. Mifananidzo yavo iri pasi apa.
• Chinese sturgeon inogara muRwizi rweYangtze uye Gungwa Dzvuku.
• Atlantic sturgeon inogara pamhenderekedzo yeAtlantic yeUnited States of America.
• MuSouth Japan, sturgeon yeJapan inorarama.
• Nzvimbo yeAdriatic sturgeon makungwa eAdriatic.
• Pamahombekombe eScandinavia nePortugal, muchengeti weBaltic anogara.
• White sturgeon yakagara pagungwa rePacific yeUnited States of America.
• Alaska, California, kumhenderekedzo yeChina, Japan neRussia yakatorwa nehombe yeSakhalin sturgeon. Iyi nzvimbo inotyisa zvikuru - nyama yehove pano inofungidzirwa isingabviri.
• Sturgeon yeGreat Lakes inogara muUnited States of America uye Canada.

Types of sturgeon roe

• Muvara we sturgeon caviar unosiyana pakati pemavara uye machena-mavara maruva. Kukura kwamaza kunosvika 2 mm. Itavira ye caviar yakanaka kwazvo uye inonaka, asi nekunhuwa kwevhu. Iyi caviar inosunungurwa mumitsuko ine chidivha chine jira.
• Caviar sturgeon caviar haina kukosha kupfuura sturgeon caviar. Mavara acho akafanana kubva ku grey kusvika kuchitema. Iyo stellate sturgeon ine mazai maduku-kusvika ku 1.5 mm. Ikanaka ye caviar iyi inonda, inobereka mumakani ane chifukidzo chekundu.
• Munguva yedu, takadzidza kubereka ma caviar hybrids kuti tiwedzere kubereka mbeu. Somuenzaniso, caviar ye bester. Iro hybrid ye beluga uye sterlet. Kubva kuBeluga vakatora kukosha kwe caviar, uye kubva kuSterlet, kukurumidza kwekutsvaga.

Kubvira nguva refu, sturgeon uye caviar yaro yakange iri kadhi rinoshanyira rekuRussian cuisine, uye kutengeserana kwakabudisa mari yakawanda mari. Zviri pachena kuti sei muredzi wekushambadzirana aine sturgeon yaiva chiitiko chose. Vashomanana zvino vanogona kuzvidzivirira pakuyemura kunaka kwake kusina kujairika. Nzvimbo dzakawanda dzinonzi sturgeon dzinodzivirirwa nevanodzivirira uye dzakanyorwa muRubhuku Rurefu, saka iwe unofanirwa kunyatsongwarira paunenge uchibata munzvimbo dzakarambidzwa. Hove isina kutenderwa munharaunda yeRussian Federation ingasanganisira kwete chete kutungamira asiwo chirango chemhosva.