Chii chinonzi mushonga? Chii kubaya?

Modern mushonga muzana remakore rechimakumi maviri akakwanisa kuhwina yakawanda zvinouraya, basa rinokosha mune izvi kuridzwa uye yokudzivisa nzira, dzakadai majekiseni. Chii mushonga uye kana rinofanira kushandiswa? Ngatimbotaura pamusoro inokosha iyi, sezvo vazhinji vanotenda pakatanga yokudzivirira mumuviri womunhu zirokwazvo va neudhadha Kudzivirira nzira chirwere.

Definition rokuti "mushonga"

Saka, chii mushonga? At paro, mishonga aya pakugadzira kushingaira, chavainyanya basa - kudzivirira muviri kubva nemavhairasi uye nezvimwe pathologies. The kushanda nheyo kubaya iri nyore, izvozvo anosika kutapata kubva chirwere pamberi zuva chirwere. Gare gare, panguva chaiyo ngozi dzoutano, muviri womunhu nechekare anokwanisa kurwisa utachiona, uye kunyange varohwe. Vaccination ngaafadze zvinotevera zvinodiwa:

• Asina inokanganisa utano.
• Kupa-kare, vafuke kutapata.
• Ude antibody kugadzirwa.

mhando Zvikuru huripo yokudzivirira

Kupindura mubvunzo pamusoro chii mushonga, hazvibviri tisingatauri yayo huru mhando. mashoko kwakadaro zvikuru zvokurapa uye kashoma kushandiswa muupenyu hwezuva nezuva, asi mune dzimwe nguva zvingava zvinobatsira vazhinji:

• Vasanganiswa. The yakakurumbira mumiririri muchikwata ichi ndicho DTP jekiseni nezvirwere zvakawanda ngozi - whooping chikosoro, tetenasi uye diphtheria. Formulations kwakadaro kudzivirira nzwisisika.
• Rarama. In epamba mushonga pasi muchikamu ichi anowana poriyo, tibhii, denda, uye vamwe vakawanda. The Zvinoumba zvinodhaka dzakadaro dzinosanganisira mhenyu, attenuated okuva nemavhairasi uye tupukanana tusingaoneki, izvo muupenyu chaihwo kungamutsawo zvirwere pamusoro apa. At sumo munzvimbo muviri womunhu, ivo kumutsa zvikuru kusimba kukura chirwere uye paumbwe kutapata refu-refu.
• Inactivated. Kusiyana vapenyu, kunobva vakaurayiwa utachiona. Muenzaniso mumwe mushonga kwakadaro nzira kubva chimbwamupengo. nziyo akadaro zvishoma inoshanda, asi Kutarisirwa akadzokorora akaronga uyewo kuumba dziviriro zvakakodzera.
• Chemical. chikamu ichi zvinosanganisira korera, sefivha. Anomiririra rakasiyana musanganiswa maantigen, mapuroteni, lipids nezvimwe zvinoriumba. Akatanga kosi pamusoro guru zvakakwana pezvose.

General ruzivo pamusoro kubaya

Zvino kuti munoziva zvakataurwa mushonga ndiko, uye chii, yava nguva yokutaura pamusoro kunobaisa chaizvo kuti ndakarumbidzwa National utano hurongwa, pamwe mazuva oupenyu munhu wokutanga. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti purogiramu majekiseni kuripo munyika imwe neimwe. It kunobva kuitika ipapo, kunyanya WHO nemitemo uye kunyange mari nyaya.

Administration pamusoro yokudzivirira munyika inopiwa pamwe mazuva oupenyu mucheche wokutanga. The majekiseni yaitwa kutanga musha unochengeterwa vakwegura, zvino vana kiriniki uye mukuru azvaitwa. Raida yokudzivirira muri yepachena basa kuruzhinji, zvisinei, maererano chavo, munhu anogona kuramba nazvo (nokuti pachake uye mwana wake minor).

Chii chakaita kubaya wokutanga pamusara?

National karenda kubaya rinosanganisira 10 fanira matanho, kugadzirira tinoitirwa Implementation kwavo munyika yedu. Akumbirwa varwere vanogona achindireverera majekiseni maererano dzimwe zvigadzirwa (kazhinji mari yazvo).

Chokutanga kubaya mwana achangobva kuberekwa, akagamuchira fuma kubva nehepatitis B. Mune ramangwana, kuti jekiseni chichange kudzokororwa rokutanga uye wechitanhatu mwedzi upenyu. gadziriro yakadaro ifarirwe zvikuru kuti mumwe munhu uye zvinodiwa pa-njodzi mumapoka. Ita kuregera kubaya, zvichireva kuti chiropa muboka iri Mugove mumapepanhau, uye iwe unogona kuvabata mudzimai masango (semuenzaniso, ari bhabhashopu).

Ndezvipi zvirwere hako kudzidzisa nyika yedu?

Ngatimbotaura chii zvimwe zvirwere zvinogona kubatsira jekiseni zvaipiwa hurumende. Fanira majekiseni dzinoturwa yokudzivirira pamusoro zvinotevera zvirwere:

• Tibhii (BCG haripi chivimbiso chakasimba chekuchengetedzwa kudzivirira utachiona, asi zvinoita nyore kuti chirwere).
• Tetenasi (anogona chinozoiswa kana yoga kana sechikamu kunzwisisa DTP, DT).
• Diphtheria.
• Pertussis.
• Poliomyelitis.
• Gwirikwiti.
• Rubella.
• Parotitis (Mumps).

Vaccination ari inenge izere nayo rinofanira kupedzwa mwedzi 20 zera. Akadzokorora majekiseni zvinoitiswa mberi kuburikidza rebei pedyo 6, uye ipapo makore 14. Vamwe vana nhomba pamusoro purogiramu nomumwe.

Kubva chii zvimwe zvirwere zviripo kubaya?

Zvisinei, havasi chete kubaya madikanwa, asi majekiseni, akakurudzira kuitisa. Somuenzaniso, vana utano varombo varumbidzwa dzokuwedzera pneumococcal kwepfuti. Kazhinji, zviyero vakadaro akakodzera, kana pazera mwana kazhinji chirwere ihosha huro, bronchitis, chikosoro siyana. Izvi mishonga yokudzivirira vanoonekwa Recommended uye fanira munyika dzeEurope, kuRussia, vanogadzwa vakawanda izvozvo zvinoratidzwa. Kuwedzera pamusoro pamazita, kazhinji inoitwa munyika yedu uye zvinotevera majekiseni:

• By Haemophilus influenzae.
• Kubva chikosoro.
• Chibhokisi (varicella).

Sei kuona kudiwa dzimwe majekiseni?

Recommended jekiseni takatsunga zvikurukuru nokuda epidemiological ezvinhu munharaunda. Mhando idzi zvinodhaka zvinosanganisira zvinodhaka pamusoro chimbwamupengo, sefivha tick nezvipembenene encephalitis. Shanyira kukiriniki kuti mamwe majekiseni zvinokosha uye kana uchironga kuenda vanomboenda ngozi kubva nemaonero aya zvirwere nzvimbo. Kana iwe kuenda kunze kwenyika ruzivo waida kuti nyika majekiseni anodzivirira zvinyorwa zvinofanira kuongororwa kwete chete panguva chiremba, asiwo nesangano yokufamba.