Count Bobrinsky, mwanakomana Catherine 2: Biography. Farmstead Count Bobrinsky Bogoroditsk

Maererano nevanyori venhau dzakaitika, Catherine 2 - ndiye pachake absolutism muRussia. Asi hatifaniri kukanganwa kuti ayo revatungamiriri nyika yedu yava rimwe anokosha varidzi enyika nyika munhandare uye vakatanga kuita rokutanga matanho rakananga kukura mabhizimisi nemaindasitiri. Saka, kune Russian Crimea yakanga yakatora, ari kuchinja kuti zvakachinja dzomunyika administrative nemamiriro mamiriro, uyewo zhinji zvachinja upfumi. Zvisinei, upenyu Empress pachake akaita uye anoita hapana zvishoma mhindu. Zvikurukuru, nguva dzose pane munhu ari mumugwagwa makanga boka mibvunzo pamusoro nei Count Bobrinsky, mwanakomana Catherine 2, vanoberekwa nevanhu vasina kuroorana, akakura kubva mudare kumusoro kure.

Grigory Orlov

Nyaya ndiani aiva Earl Bobrinsky, mwanakomana Catherine 2, haugoni kutanga pasina kutaurwa baba vake - Grigory Orlov. Izvi, ipapo jaya uye inokwezva zvikuru, mukuru akazviratidza mudare Elizabeth 1 muna 1760 uye pakarepo zvakawana mukurumbira Don Juan. Nokukurumidza iye ainakidzwa mudzimai Tsesarevicha Petra Fedorovicha - Catherine, uyo vakakwanisa kuzadzisa chinokosha rwendo anoda Treasurer Office chikuru atirari uye masvingo. A zvikuru basa rinokosha muupenyu yemberi Empress wechidiki wamambo akatanga kuridza afa Elizabeth 1. Zvino Catherine asvika choumambo, Orlov akava kufarira-simba rose uye akaita rukudzo ose kumboadya.

mwanakomana asiri wepamutemo

Ukama Orlov uye korona muchindakadzi aisava zvakavanzika pamusoro munhu, kunze wake - pashure accession yake choushe - mukadzi asingachadiwi kutamiswa mumwe mugumo yamambo, uye akanga zvamboshanyirwa. Naizvozvo Catherine yakanyatsovanzwa wake pamuviri, kuti zvakanga zvisingaiti kuti zvakaitika kure se "kwepamutemo". Sezvineiwo, zvose zvakashanda kunze, nekuti kana April 11, 1762 kuti Empress akanga achipona, valet Basil Shkurin moto imba yake, uye Peter Fedorovich pamwe courtiers vakamhanya kuona moto. Saka, kuzvarwa mukomana anozivikanwa chete mishoma pedyo Catherine, uye iye akakwanisa kunzvenga nezvechimwe chinyadzo uye mujeri yemamongi.

Count Bobrinsky, mwanakomana Catherine 2: makore okutanga

Mwana akazvarwa muchakavanzika Kesari uye dare, vabereki ainzi Alexei uye sezvo kuisiya iri Winter Palace musina nzira, akaupa mhuri valet Shkurina, vachirayira kuti ape mwana mwanakomana wake. Mwedzi miviri pashure pezviitiko izvi zvaitika yakakurumbira kubvuta masimba, uyo akaita mai wake zvishoma Alyosha tenzikadzi chihombe ehurumende, uye baba vake - mumwe avakuru simba kupfuura yeRussian Empire. Asi zviitiko zvose izvi hapana zvainoita kutapwa mwana, uye kusvika makore 12, akanga akakurira chete ezvinhu sezvo vamwe vana vaviri Shkurin. Kunyange zvazvo ndinofanira kutaura kuti valet haisi mhuri urombo, uye muna 1770, vanakomana vake, pamwe chete Alexei, zvevoruzhinji mari akatumwa kudzidza muLeipzig. Pamusoro chikoro, akanga adzokera kuRussia, uye pamusoro mirairo Empress akatanga chiremera Alekseem wake Grigorevichem Bobrinskim.

Kwakabva zita

Modern murume anogona kuramba kushamisika nei baba-simba zvose kugona kuziva mwana womukadzi waaida? Zvisinei, chii chakaitika kune mubvandiripo mwanakomana Catherine 2, vanhu kwamachinda, uyo akararama muzana remakore rechi18, yakanga zvikuru muhurongwa. Kunyanya, mai youmambo atenga kwaari musha Spassky, kana sezvazvakanyorwa kunzi, Bobriki riri Epifanskie County Tula dunhu, uye akamuudza kuti ape zita zita wemunda. Kubvira panguva ino kunoreva kuramba jaya aifanira kuenda kwete hurumende papfuma, asi tichiregeredza mari kubva serfs dzavo. Saka rayakavambwa munda, anozivikanwa nhasi sezvo Manor Bobrinskys calculators.

Upenyu ndiro mubvandiripo mwanakomana Catherine 2, kusvikira ushe Paul 1

Agamuchira zvepuraimari kumwe Alexei Bobrinsky rakagamuchirwa muna nepanyika kadheti Corps, kwaakanga kudzidza muna 1782 aine menduru yegoridhe. Pashure paizvozvo, jaya wechi muuto pachinzvimbo chevatatu refutenendi. Zvisinei, asati dzikapfeka ake mabasa, iye pamwe nevamwe anokudzwa zvikuru vakapedza kudzidza sangano edzidzo akati yakatumwa parwendo rurefu kumaguta muRussia uye ipapo Europe. Panoperera rwacho akatsaukira kuva jaya muParis uye vakasarudza kugara ikoko, kutungamirira sembizi upenyu mupfumi playboys. Mushure adventures siyana, makuhwa izvo makatsamwisa Catherine 2, ramangwana Count Alexei Bobrinsky akazviratidza Russia chete muchando 1788. Amai havana kuda kumuona uye akamuudza kuti aende ngaatarire kubva Riga kuti vanotozvifarira, paangatonga kuva yechipiri kana mukuru. Asi uto basa haana kufadza jaya, uye muna 1790 akanyora mushumo yokusiya yake, iyo chakabvumwa. Kwapera nguva, ramangwana Earl Bobrinsky (mwanakomana Catherine 2) akatengwa, pamwe mvumo yacho, Castle Ober-Palen uye vakaroora Anna Ungern-Sternberg. Muchato, vaviri akashanyira guta guru, uye vakagamuchirwa nomutsa Empress, uyo akabvunza hanzvadzi sei akanga asingatyi kuroorwa munhu, rudo nyaya iyo kwakaita iye mukurumbira kwomukadzi wacho murume? Zvisinei, Catherine 2 haana kukoka vaduku kurarama panguva mudare. Naizvozvo Alex Bobrinsky shure nomudzimai wake vari Ober-Palen uye vakagarako kusvikira pakufa mai vake. Ipapo kugona kufunga kuchinja chii zvakamumirira munguva yemberi.

The basa musoro Count Alekseyu Bobrinskomu

Pakarepo mushure accession chake choumambo mutsivi Catherine 2 akayeuka hafu-mukoma. The yokuti 1 Pauro akanga asina chikonzero kuva godo kana muvengi mwana woupombwe, sezvo kunyange mumwe kana mumwe akanga asingazivi rudo rwaamai. Akakoka naye St. Petersburg, uye mutsamba akati kuti kubva zvino Aleksey Grigorevich Bobrinsky anogona kuuya guru uye kuti kubuda chero nguva zvaakada. Mukuwedzera, The Imperial mirairo zvakanzi yakavakwa muna count yokuzviremekedza. Saka, aiva nomukurumbira Russian enyika, vehondo, maindasitiri uye vanyori Bobrinsky - calculators, vakagamuchira zita hama yake - Emperor Paul 1.

Pamakore okupedzisira oupenyu hwake

1 Pauro akasarudzawo kudzokera Bobrinsky akakodzera mugove wenhaka Orlov ayo uye akapa Petersburg imba yababa uye commandery muna Gdov muruwa. Uyezve, pazuva kugadzwa kwake, mambo pachake namapfuudzirwo naye zvikuru mukuru. Asi Count Bobrinsky, mufananidzo kubva mufananidzo iyo rinoratidza simba kufanana Catherine 2, haana kufanana muchiuto. Naizvozvo, pashure pegore akakumbirwa kurega uye vakasarudza kutora kurima. Kubvira ipapo, munda Count Bobrinsky Bogoroditsk kuva mumwe kupfuura nokubudirira uye muenzaniso wakanaka Russia. Uyezve, basa Major-General vaita mineralogy uye nezvenyeredzi, kunyange akavaka neimba waro yemo Observatory diki.

Bobrinsky (calculators)

Kuburikidza mubvandiripo mwanakomana Count Orlova Ekaterina 2 vaiva vazukuru mana, ramakagadzwa akakodzerwa chaiyo panotaurwa Aleksey Alekseevich Bobrinsky akaita inozivikanwa nyanzvi mune zvokurima uye ndiye muvambi wesangano maindasitiri kugadzirwa bhiti shuga muna Russia. No zvishoma yakakurumbira aiva munun'una wake - Vasily, uyo aiva mumwe wokutanga kupinda weSouthern Society of Decembrists. By kufara masanga musi zvakaitika St. Petersburg December kumukira, aiva nemhuri yake Paris, uye, naizvozvo, akanga asina kusungwa. Paakadzoka kuRussia, akanga akabatikana estestvoispytatelskoy mabasa nerudo basa, kunyanya munzvimbo voruzhinji.

Bobrinskys Manor nhasi

Muna 1933, munda yakakurumbira Count wacho mhando yashandurwa kuva miziyamu yakaoma, inova chimwe chikuru zvinokwezva Tula nharaunda. Pakati chinokosha mabasa ake - Palace of Counts Bobrinskys, kwamagwaro omunzvimbo lore Museum, guva mhuri, mumwe chiumbwa chomufananidzo wenyika uye dzakaisvonaka park, yakatanga mukupera rechi18. It akachengetedzwa sechechi, yakavakwa mumakore 1774-1778 pamusoro wemunda.

Bogoroditsk Museum Collection

Works ounyanzvi uye siyana husiri nyore kuwana vanofarira kunyange yokutanga muridzi wemunda. Naizvozvo, chinhu muunganidzwa kuti vakaungana Count Bobrinsky (mwanakomana Catherine 2), uye akava hwaro mari yacho miziyamu dzakaoma Bogoroditsk. Nhasi zvinosanganisira zviuru zvakawanda zvinhu. Pazvinhu zvinokosha ngavauye zvinotevera:

• paleontological muunganidzwa pamusoro marangwanda mhuka Pleistocene ichikosha;
• zvicherwa zvematongo akadai ibwe nematemo yendarira Age;
• yakararama Shanduro mabasa K. E. Tsiolkovskogo;
• pachedu Zvinhu nhengo genus Bobrinskys.

Bobrinskys Palace

Vashanyi kushanyira Tula nharaunda, iva nechokwadi kuti varumbidze kuzoshanyira muna Bogoroditsk. Zvayaiva pane muzinda uye paki Ensemble kusikwa mukurumbira mapurani I. E. Starova uye wakanaka muenzaniso mavakirwo kuguma Catherine kuti yaitonga. Nhasi zvakaoma kudavira kuti Count Bobrinsky Bogoroditsk mumuzinda zvakaipisisa zvakakuvadza muHondo Yenyika II - chete chikamu masvingo vasara nayo. Nemhaka mabasa akakura kudzorerwa kuitwa nepakati kwema1970, ichi zvikuru mapurani Murongerwo rakadzorerwa, uye omukati vave anosikwa kubva kupukunyuka yokunyora nokudhirowa uye zvapupu zvakaona. Zviya, vashoma vanoziva kuti munda Count Bobrinskys aizivikanwa Lvu Tolstomu, anogara Yasnaya Polyana iri pedyo nenzvimbo iyi. Nenzira, iye akarondedzera nayo mu "Anna Karenina" sezvo wenhumbi Alekseya Vronskogo. Uye Count Bobrinsky Museum Bogoroditsk muchirongwa All-Russian mumakwikwi "7 Zvinoshamisa Russia", iro inoitwa 2007-2008. Uye Semi finals!

Kufamba Tula nharaunda, iva nechokwadi kuti kuedza kushanyira Count Bobrinsky Museum, ane Chivako ichi zvechokwadi mapurani chiwanikwa, nguva dzose vayemurwe vashanyi vakanga havatarisiri kuona ukuru kwakadaro mudunhu.