Culture Ancient Egypt: Pfupiso mapurani uye mabhuku

Ijipiti yakanga, zvichida, nyika dzakawanda dzakasimukira munguva wokutanga dzomunyika. Most makamutsiridzazve tsika yekare Egypt. Muchidimbu tanga izvozvo zvakaoma, sezvo kare mumakore 2000-shamisa, rakakamurwa umambo matatu (Ancient, Middle, New), kukura nerimwe akanga pachavo zvachiri.

Culture Ancient Egypt: zvishoma pamusoro umambo yekare

Nguva iyi ndiyo nguva kuIjipiti kubudirira ichi - yendarama zera kuti kukura tsika. It runosvika mukuru kukura mapurani, iyo inozivikanwa nokuda zvinoitwa monumentalism. Most zvivako chokuita yemariro chitendero. VaIjipiti vekare akaramba rufu. Vaidavira kuti mweya womunhu vaizodzokera nayo. Saka, isu akamisa guva, uye akabva - mummified. Pamwe mavakirwo muumambo yekare kumhuka chivezwa. Akanga inozivikanwa nevamwe nzira inokosha "Egyptian kwemanyorero", inova huru zviri mutsika yeIjipiti yekare. Saka, kuzivikanwa pamusoro zvivezwa raiva ravakasikwa pamusoro usina kukonekita, izvo akafukidza kumativi ose mifananidzo vanhu. Muchiitiko chino, chiso uye mapfudzi vakanga vanoratidzwa kubva mberi, uye makumbo ake uye musoro profile. Famous Farao Narmer Plate. kukwirira kwayo kuri 64 mamita. Pairi, kuwedzera rusununguko mifananidzo, pane hieroglyphic akanyorwa kuti nezvoUmambo unhu mumwe ane mufananidzo pamabwendefa ndiro. Panzira, munguva Umambo Old pakupedzisira kuumbwa mutauro wakanyorwa yagadzirwa yenhokwe jira nhoroondo maitiro akasikwa. Kunyora muIjipiti vakadzidziswa kunyanya vapristi nevanyori, uyo scored ari upfumi, uye vavezi vemabwe. Chimwe chinhu chiri symmetry of vanoratidzwa nenhamba yakakwana.

The Middle umambo

Culture Ancient Egypt zvishoma pamusoro Middle Kingdom chingatibatsira inotevera kuudza. Munhambo ichi kunotanga kuvakwa temberi kuti vanamwari veIjipiti vanoratidzwa kana sezvo vanhu kana hafu-mhuka, hafu yevanhu. Zvavovo vasiri chete vakashumira zvinangwa zvechitendero, asi vaiona nevaari yaiona, vane mukana chete vafundisi - vaprista. It anonzi mwari mukuru Ra - mwari zuva, uye Farao kwainzi mwanakomana kwezuva. Kana izvi dzinowanzotsigi- kuvakwa kwevafi hurongwa kuMiddle Kingdom pamwe navo akasika netemberi tsvene yakashongedzwa hofori mbiru, shongwe, chic Decoration. Chinonyanya kushamisa yaiva mutemberi Amenemhat III, uyo akanga akazonzi nevaGiriki inovhiringidza. By mavakirwo iyi zvinosanganisira kunozivikanwa Pyramid of Cheops, ari sphinx, uye vamwe. The unyanzvi uye tsika muIjipiti yekare munhambo ichi rakavapo mune dzimwe nzira. Somuenzaniso, pane maruva mabhuku. Zvakanyorwa, zvichida munyika yokutanga yokufungidzira - "The History of Sinuhe," uye yokufungidzira "Kukurukura mwoyo mweya wake" - chaiye bhuku kwouzivi pamusoro netariro, mwoyo uye nokutenda. Kuti wakadaro risingazivikanwi uye zvinoshamisa tsika yeIjipiti yekare.

Dzokororai nezvoUmambo New

Panguva iyi, wakapedzeredzwa unyanzvi zvokuyamura. On masvingo temberi, zvose nhoroondo yeIjipiti anofananidzwa tichibatsirwa unyanzvi ichi. Asati vakapona Temberi Hatshepsut, riri Deir El-Bahri. Zvokuyamura mifananidzo kuti vashongedze masvingo etemberi, saka zvinhu sezvazviri kuti involuntarily anouya svetuka kupinda kare. Sculpture kuti zvinokosha specimens iyi nguva vaburukira kwatiri, vanoonekwa kuti basa nomuvezi Tuthmosis - the Portraits of Farao Akhenatan wake Nefertiti kunozivikanwa. Sezvo mabhuku, Umambo New chinova multi-Genre. "Book Vakafa", raiva iyi, kunoonekwa sechinhu enisaikoropidhiya iyoyo dzechitendero. Pakati "ounyanzvi" mabhuku yokunyika anganzi munhu rungano "hama dzinenge mbiri", uyewo mabasa chokuita norudo lyrics - ". Nziyo zvikafadza mwoyo"