Enclave - chii? State enclaves

Enclave - kuti pfungwa iri rinorevei? Shoko anowana kubva muchiLatin «inclavo», iro anoshandura se "lockable". Shandisa izwi kundima kana chikamu State, iro rine zvinotevera zviri:

- asina nzira yokubudisa kugungwa;
- zvizere akapoteredzwa nharaunda nyika imwe nyika kana kupfuura.

political kuvimbika

Enclave - chii munharaunda iyi? Hazvina chinokosha ehurumende, iyo muridzi. Dzimwe nguva, nzvimbo iyi ine haasaruri kuenda kugungwa. Zvadaro inonzi poluanklavom kana kumahombekombe Enclave.

Kuvapo kure dzenyika uye rinosanganisira zvimwe chokuita dzakawanda pamutemo pabonde. Somuenzaniso, kuti vasvike nharaunda, inova Enclave, zvinokosha kupfuura nomunharaunda yomumwe State. Mukuwedzera, munharaunda ino kuonekwe dzaikosha kuti zvinoda kugadziriswa kuti zvarakanga kuvapo. nyaya All Dzinowanzotanga chakagadziriswa pamwe kusaina zvibvumirano pakati nyika hanya.

mhando

Chii Enclave? Definition of pfungwa iyi hwatoitwa. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, ichi ndicho chimwe chidimbu munyika, iyo iri mukati mumwe. Zvisinei, pane zviitiko apo yoga mundima pane chimwe chitsuwa unoparadzanisa. idzodzo yakadaro inonzi rechipiri kuti Enclave. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, kuti tisvike chikamu nyika, riri mukati, zvichava zvakafanira kuyambuka miganhu maviri.

Pane imwe yakafanana pfungwa - imwe exclave. Kwazvinoita isiri dzinozvitonga nharaunda, iyo anosiiwa huru nyika yacho uye akapoteredzwa dzimwe nyika. Nokudaro polueksklav ane kuenda kugungwa.

Chete nharaunda kure anogona kunzi nenzira dzakasiyana. Nokuti nyika iyo ripi, iye uchava exclave. Other inoti funga paro Enclave. The chete mazwi iripo nokuda poluanklavov uye polueksklavov.

mienzaniso

Kune vazhinji mundima uye nemisha, yatiri kutaura kuti Enclave ichi. Muenzaniso ndiye Sankova-Bear, iri munharaunda Belarus , Gomel nharaunda. Administratively, huya kuna Bryansk munharaunda Russian Federation. Nokuti Russia Sankova-Bear - zana exclave uye Belarus - the Enclave.

Mumwe muenzaniso uri Alaska. Nzvimbo iri kuonekwa United States uye polueksklavom poluanklavom Canada. Kuti vawane kupinda Mediterranean, Melilla uye Ceuta. It poluanklavy nokuti Morocco uye polueksklavy nokuda Spain. At Cape muPskov Lake ndiyo musha Oaks. It anosiiwa Russian Estonian ndima. Saka, zvakanga polueksklav mukuona Russia uye poluanklav kubva Estonia.

Countries enclaves

Term aireva voga yendima, aigona kushandiswa kwete chete kune mumwe mugove akaparadzana pasi nehurumende. Pfungwa iri kushandiswa siyanei dudziro. Kune enclaves ari mamiriro munyika tsika. Kwavari, mashoko okuti "vakanga vasara" harishandiswi.

State Enclave - chii? Zviri nyika idzi, nzvimbo uko zvakazara yakapoteredzwa nedzimwe nyika chete. Muchiitiko chino, kuwana kugungwa vasingadaro. Munyika mune vatatu inoti vakadaro. Dzavo mazita zvinosanganisira San Marino uye Vatican. nyika idzi dziri muItaly. Third State anoonekwa ane Enclave pamusoro Lesotho. Zvinonzi rakamiswa pamusoro munharaunda South Africa. Vamwe zviratidzo mamiriro akangwara Maltese kurongeka. Iye ndohwaJehovha munharaunda mukati Italy.

Munyika tsika, pane anotiwo-poluanklavy. Vanofanira kuwana kugungwa. Muenzaniso Brunei. Nyika akapoteredzwa Malaysia uye South Sea China. Chimwe State poluanklavom ndiye Portugal. It akapoteredzwa nomunharaunda Spain uye ane kuwana kuAtlantic Ocean.

Poluanklavom uye vaiona vamwe chikamu Fort St. Angelo, riri mu Marita uye ndowenyika Order cheMarita.

misha

Chii Enclave? Tsanangudzo yakapiwa pamusoro chokuita pfungwa iyi kwete chete nehurumende. It chokuita uye dzinogarwa munzvimbo. Saka, guta wokuGermany Büsingen Enclave-kuti-rokumusoro-Rhine akakomberedzwa ndima Swiss zvachose. vagari vemo iri kusvika chimwe uye chiuru hafu vanhu. Kubva guta German akaparadzanisa chete kanyika nyika ane upamhi - asingasviki chimwe kiromita. Uye panguva narrowest chikamu zambuko iri musha Swiss inonzi Dorflingen. Muna 1918 rimwe referendamu rakaitwa Büsingen. It makumi mapfumbamwe nematanhatu muzana yevagari akavhotera vachida kupinda Swiss. Zvisinei, izvi hazvina kuitika. Switzerland akakundikana kupa chinhu Germany muna kudzoka.

Pane guta Enclave uye Ukraine. Slavutich ichi. guta rino nemakapoteredza administratively muna Kiev nharaunda. Asi kumativi ose rakakomberedzwa panyika Chernigov omurume zviremera.

Administratively chikamu Moscow ndiro guta Zelenograd. Zvisinei, zviri akaparadzaniswa nzvimbo guru. It unopoteredza Zelenograd The Moscow nharaunda.

upenyu enclaves

Nei kuine mambo ndima imwe mamiriro pamusoro munharaunda mumwe? Enclave - chii? Anomaly? Mushure zvose, yava nharaunda, iyo inogona kusvikwa chete panguva mharadzano yomumwe ehurumende. Muchiitiko chino, zvakavaomera kushanda upfumi uye kutarisira. Uyezve, kuvapo pakati Enclave kuzorwa pfungwa chamazuva rudzi wehurumende. Zvaizoratidza sokuti chero nyika Zvaizovawo kufara ndeyokubvisa pavo navo mundima. Zvisinei, mune tsika iyi haisi kuitika. Zone enclaves zhinji - kuramba kwazvo, kusvikira ngozi yehondo, kuchinja zveupfumi hurongwa kana miganhu. Uyezve, enclaves kwenyika kuwedzera. Vakawanda munzvimbo iyi akazviratidza pashure pokuwa Soviet Union. enclaves matsva anenge makumi maviri akaonekwa panguva iyoyo Asia uye Europe.

Kubva nemaonero hupfumi bhora enclaves kubviswa kubva yakaoma. In ezvinhu izvi kujairika, mumwe wavo kutarisira kungobudirira, nepo vamwe vari kuderera. Somuenzaniso, Hong Kong. Pakazosvika nguva yezwi uchangamire China, akava muenzaniso wenyika kwenyika dzepasi pose uye wakasununguka zvokutengeserana wakajeka.

Pahwaro kukura wezvokutengeserana uye ushanyi vari kubudirira enclaves duku Western Europe. Pakati pavo eBelgian Baarle-Hertog, yeAustria uye Italian Jungholz Campione. Zvibudirire kubudirira uye American Point Roberts. Zvisinei, pane dzimwe mienzaniso.

Anenge mazana maviri Indo-Omani nendima, enclaves vanotambura urombo uye hatina magetsi. Kure vari Ferghana Valley, pasinei Kuwanikwa ivhu rakaorera uye zvinoshamisa nharaunda, kukura zvikuru kuipa vavakidzani vavo dzakapoteredza. Mugore zvenguva zvinzvimbo ndivo Kaliningrad munharaunda Russian Federation, uyewo Spanish Melilla uye Ceuta. Nokuti yayo yemari hwakanaka, izvo rusununguko yeUnited kwaanoita uye zvakanakira.

gungwa nzvimbo

Russia runobva kuna vakanga vasara yeGungwa Okhotsk. Iyi ndiyo nharaunda iri mashanu nezviviri mativi makiromita, UN aiziva chikamu ari Continental pasherefu of Russian Federation.

Enclave ichi riri pakati yeGungwa Okhotsk. Kare, nharaunda yose kwainzi anoyevedza pegungwa. Paiva vakasununguka kuredza uye kufamba kumativi ruvanze ose enyika. In November 2013 Russia akaratidza kodzero yavo nemvura kuti kunosvika mhiri munharaunda Belgium, Switzerland uye Netherlands. Pari, Enclave ichi - ane kure negungwa kugungwa Russian Federation. Mundima yayo inofanira kutakurirwa kunze zvinodiwa Fisheries Russian, dziviriro kwezvakatipoteredza, kuchengeteka uye zvichingodaro. D.

Pfungwa dzemadzinza enclaves

Kune dzimwe nzvimbo umo vanhu vakawanda vakawanda rudzi wakapoteredzwa nomunharaunda yaigarwa mumwe vanhu. nzvimbo dzakadaro - vari dzemadzinza enclaves. nzvimbo idzi kazhinji kuonekwa zvinopa makakatanwa. Somuenzaniso, Somali kwemadzinza Enclave muEthiopia.

zvinokonzera

Madzinza enclaves simuka nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana. idzodzo akadaro mugumisiro zvinotevera pezvakaitwa:

- yokutama dzemadzinza yose nharaunda;
- kutsvaka tsindirana kugarwa dzemadzinza mu mutorwa kwaari nharaunda;
- vakasundira miganhu wevasungwa imwe nyika.

Naukograd

Muna Moscow nharaunda pane mhando Enclave - Dubna, rimwe guta uyo ndima chaiyo ezvoupfumi mapazi unyanzvi-itsva mhando. chinzvimbo iyi yaakapa umboo pamusoro kugarwa pakati sezvakarayirwa Russian Government, iyo yakasainwa musi 21.12.2005

Miganhu muchikamu ichi mapazi zvinoshanda tibatwe mu mitero mune michina yemazuva basa.

History of guta Dubna, riri pamusoro zvose pemahombekombe mukuru Volga River, akatanga muna 1956, ndiye guta rino haana kure Moscow, mune chimwe namakumi maviri makiromita kuchamhembe, pedyo nomuganhu pamwe Tver nharaunda. Guta guru zvakabatana Dmitrov nomugwagwa, gang uye njanji. A makiromita zana kubva Dubna ndiye "Sheremetyevo" yendege.

Guta rine yose nomukurumbira chikuru tsvakurudzo centre. In Dubna Joint Institute nokuda Research Nuclear. It is neIntergovernmental dzakawanda tsvakurudzo sangano kuti collaborates pamwe vanenge 200 dzakawanda tsvakurudzo nzvimbo. Masayendisiti vaishanda JINR, nhoroondo akatanga akaita anenge makumi mana zvakawanwa siyana pasango wefizikisi yenyukireya.

Guta rine guru musayenzi uye mumaindasitiri zvinogona. Zvivako ayo ano rabhoritari kunovhenekwa uye kwesayenzi chawo, yepamusorosoro kugadzirwa zvivako, ayo kushumirwa mudonzvo zvikuru unyanzvi. Dubna anopa RF pokutanga mumunda Zvakarurama uye inokosha nesayenzi, kuchengeteka, kudzivirira, zvishandiso, simba renyukireya, kukurukurirana uye zvokurapa michina.