Gerunds mu Chirungu

Kutukana siyana - pfungwa inokosha zvikuru mukudzidza mumwe mutauro, uye kana ukasarudza kudzidza mutauro zvakakwana, tora nyaya zvakakomba uye musoro. Munyaya ino tichakurukura gerunds, uye pamusoro chii mumwe gerund mumutauro Chirungu.

Saka akadana non-oga gerund rechiito iri mutauro Chirungu, izvo achiumbwa nokubatana kuguma rechiito twa. Somuenzaniso: rechiito - kuverenga, gerund - kuverenga. In yokuRussia mutauro pfungwa dzakafanana gerund kwete. Shoko kuverenga nomuenzaniso pamusoro anogona kushandurwa sezvo kuverenga. Saka, pasinei nokuti gerund mumutauro Chirungu ari rechiito, ndipo rune zviratidzo imwe pazita. Kana isu nezvazvo kwayo basa iri mutongo, zvingava pasi, uye mukwanisi (zvakananga kana prepositional) uye predicative. Gerund anogona pakurukurwa zvisazitasingwi uye Zvireva mwene.

Kana paine pazita pamwe zvinoreva dzakafanana gerund anoshandiswa iwe, zviri nani kushandisa pazita (somuenzaniso: ake kusvika - kwete ake paanosvika, uye ake asvika).

Gerunds mu Chirungu zvinogona kushandiswa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana. Inogona kuva chipo kutorarama (I nezvavasingadi kupfura - Handidi kupfura); zvakakwana chimiro (Takanga mhosva nokuva ngaauye iite mhosva - isu vakapomerwa kuti isu akamupa iite mhosva); ari muchimiro chezvinhu pusa izwi (T Hey vose havadi kuitwa akataura pamusoro - vose havadi kutaura pamusoro pavo); uyewo akaipa chimiro (Kusaziva zvokutaura, iye akasiya imba - asingazivi zvokutaura, akasiya musha).

Funga mienzaniso vanoshandisa gerund sezvo pasi, Predicate uye kuwedzererwa:

Flying anomuita achirwara.

Panguva kutiza nayo vanorwara. (Subject)

Iye Haabvumiri kuputa pano.

Hazvina havabvumirwi kusvuta pano. (Direct Kuwedzera)

Iye haatendi kutenga doro sezvo imwe mari.

Haafungi kuti kutenga doro - munhu kunobatsira inivhesitimendi. (Prepositional mukwanisi)

Dzandinofarira basa anofamba.

Dzandinofarira basa - kufamba. (Predicative)

Sezvo mutauro Chirungu gerund rechiito iri, izvozvo hazvo ane vanoverengeka rechiito anoti. Sezvo chikamu ichi kutaura, kuti gerund zvinotora shure Ons: Ndinofarira kuverenga mabhuku - Ndinoda kuverenga mabhuku (mabhuku - kuwedzera gerund).

Asi tapota cherechedza kuti kana gerund kushandiswa chete nyaya, hazvina kutora zvakananga chinhu, uye kuverenga mabhuku tinoshandurirwa kuverenga mabhuku.

Kakawanda, munhu gerund akashandisa possessive zvisazitasingwi uye vanoverengeka attributive mashoko (akadai ichi, mumwe nomumwe, vamwe, etc), izvo anoratidza akaita chiito. Somuenzaniso: Ko kusvuta yangu anokukanganisa here? - Hausi risafambira mberi chokwadi kuti ini vanosvuta;? Hapana tariro yake vachipedzisa zvakanaka - Hapana tariro kuti apore.

Kana isu kutaura kwakadaro pfungwa sezvo pamusoro Chirungu ataura mutauro, kuti gerund muchiitiko ichi unoshandiswa nezvahwo, uye panzvimbo possessive zvisazitasingwi kana mashoko mumutsetse attributive emazita kuoneka, kana dungwerungwe pachedu zvisazitasingwi. Somuenzaniso: Mudzimai vakasimbirira yangu achiverenga tsamba .

Uyewo, pachavo zvisazitasingwi uye emazita yokuwedzera zvakakodzera mune zviitiko apo pazita akataura zvisina upenyu chinhu, kana kana gerund ndewe muchimiro racho pusa izwi. Somuenzaniso: Akanga uchishamiswa Mr Black wakati asungwa - akanga akakatyamadza apo Mr. Black akasungwa; Pakanga pasina tariro mvura paimira kuti mumwe awa - Kwaiva tariro kuti mvura achamira inotevera awa.

Kakawanda kushandisa gerund nemashoko anenge achikurudzira maonero pamwe emazita uye pachedu zvisazitasingwi. Somuenzaniso: Mudzimai akaona ini kupererwa kuti mukirasi - Akaona sei I akamhanya mukirasi.

Saka gerund mumutauro Chirungu kwakakurumbira chaizvo, kunyanya pakati chizvarwa vakurukuri. Ndokusaka vadzidzi uye vanhuwo zvavo vari kudzidza Chirungu, uye vanoda kuti zvakakwana avo, vanofanira kuziva dzinokosha mitemo kushandiswa kutaura chimiro. Chokutanga, unofanira kuteerera musiyano kushandisa gerunds uye infinitives (mumutsetse wacho kuitika chokuti uye gerund dzimwe nguva basa rakafanana, saka zviri nyore chaizvo kuti vasarudze kupi uye chii rechiito kushandisa yamunenge uye kunogamuchirika), kunzwisisa marudzi ari gerund, uye kunzwisisa apo zvakakodzera uye chii haisi. Nyaya iyi inongova vazive iwe pamwe inokosha mashoko, ine zvizhinji intersnyh subtleties uye nuances. Budiriro kudzidza Chirungu!