Great Britain: mapikicha, nhoroondo, mureza, mazororo, guta uye nyika, zvikuru vanhu, mukurusa muhondo munhoroondo Britain

Great Britain - a Russian shanduro zita United Kingdom. Nyika riri pazvitsuwa mbiri, kunyange zvazvo anoudzawo yechipiri Ireland. Zviwi dziri kuchamhembe-kumavirira European yakaoma.

ano State

Great Britain, mapikicha zviri munyaya iyi, ndiyo imwe inoti pakukura Europe. It ane zvachose chigaro pamusoro UN Security Council rinoreva masimba zvenyukireya.

Zvichisanganisa ano mamiriro kunyika mana, kunyange pane unitary mudziyo. Capital - guta London, inova imwe nzvimbo kupfuura wenyika wezvokutengeserana uye mari. Kuzivikanwa sezvo pamutemo mutauro Chirungu, asi vanhu vanotaura tumitauro zhinji.

nyaya

Inogarwa nevanhu ano mhando chitsuwa rakatanga zviuru 30 apfuura. It yaiitika richidzoka. Vakararama ainyanya Britons uye Gaels, vaiva tsika vaCelt.

Kubva muzana remakore rokutanga BC Rome akatanga kukunda zvenyika, aitonga kumaodzanyemba kwechitsuwa chacho makore anenge 400. Panguva imwe chete nechisimba German Saxon kugara. Zviri kwavo kuitwa zvishoma nezvishoma pamusoro vaCelt uye kugadzwa kwoUmambo England. Part of Britons munzvimbo yava Wales. Gaels vakasikwa Picts Scottish umambo.

Muna 1066 vakatanga Norman nechisimba England. It vakauya feudalism French uye tsika. Kunyange zvazvo pamusoro nguva Norman-French yevagari wakafananidzwa pamwe veko. England vakabata Wales uye Scotland akamboedza kunombata. England vakabvumirawo kurwa kuti zvinokonzerwa zvinokosha nyika France. It yakakanda War Years Zana '.

KuMiddle Ages Wales zvakazara akabatana England uye Ireland aiva naye mubatanidzwa. Muumambo ari kuwedzera pfungwa Reformation, zvokuti Chechi England pamwe namambo panguva musoro yakaumbwa.

Apo Jakobho First mubatanidzwa yakaumbwa pakati England, Scotland, Ireland. Countries kuramba vakaparadzana enyika sangano. Kwakaitika somugumisiro zvimwe zviitiko zvinokudzwa Revolution (1688), uye Great Britain akava yepamutemo umambo.

Muzana remakore rechi18 zviri mamiriro zveupfumi, yakanga kunobatsirawo pamusoro kukura umambo. Mukanyiwa Kugadzirwa mapoka, kunyanya North America, uye gare gare muna Asia, Africa, uye Pacific Islands.

Muzana remakore rechi19 Umambo chikuru simba munyika zvoupfumi uye wengarava. Izvi zvakaenderera mberi kusvikira pakati pezana remakore rechi20.

Munyika War First, Umambo aiva mutsigiri Russia uye France. On the Western Front akarwa vanopinda nechisimba German vanenge mamiriyoni 5 Vagari chacho. Pashure pokukunda muhondo Kingdom akagamuchira vaimbova mapoka German uye hweOttoman. Izvi akabvumira umambo kukura kusvika pamwero ayo mukuru. Iye afukidza simba rimwe-cheshanu wenyika. Asi 1921 chitsuwa Ireland chaizvoizvo muzvikamu zviviri - Free Ireland uye Northern Ireland.

Kuti uwane marara akakonzera Guru Kwoupfumi 1929-1932 wacho. Izvi zvakateverwa Yechipiri World War. Umambo akaita se mutsigiri France, Russia, United States. Kundorwa Germany akaita pfungwa hondo mbiri - kweBritain, Atlantic. Kukunda vakauya UK kuitawo weboka yepashure peHondo nyika, uyewo ezvinhu akaoma mune zvemari. Kumubatsira kuti US uye Canadian kwezvikwereti. Ipapo vakatanga kudzorerwa uye pakuzadzisa ehurumende.

History of mureza

Asati ava zvakafanana nhasi, mureza Great Britain yasvika kure tishandurwe. chiratidzo ichi hurumende simba munyika yose, rinoshandiswa muna zvipfeko design, mapurani uye nounyanzvi. Pamutemo, zviri anowanzonzi "Yunion Dzhek", iro rinoreva "mubatanidzwa."

The zano unokubvumira kuona zvose nzira kwokushanduka kubva 1603, apo Jakobho akatanga simba. Pakutanga, zvakanga raishandiswa Navy, saka zita "Jack", iro raireva uta mureza mungarava.

Mureza ine zvinotevera:

• St. Andrew kuti mureza - blue background, chena saltire;
• Flag of St George - chena background, muchinjikwa mutsvuku;
• Muchinjikwa St. Patrick - chena background, tsvuku saltire.

The "Yunion Dzhek" hazviratidzi Chirevo Wales, ndokusaka nguva pane kukakavadzana mukati Union Kingdom.

Kuti michinjikwa havana kugara rave nzvimbo pemapuranga, vari misha kubva pakati kwose kwose. Izvi akaita "Yunion Dzhek" asymmetric. Akariyanika husisina kumira pasina chikonzero riri kuonekwa nokutuka. Kwakadaro nezvechisarudzo ishandiswe nenhamo chiratidzo.

Battle munyika

Nhoroondo mamiriro mundima yacho hondo zvishoma. Izvi imhaka zvimwe kure zvitsuwa kondinendi European.

Battle Mukuru Britain:

• mukukunda William Mukundi (Normandy) of Harold (-Saxon hondo) of Hastings 14/10/1066 guta akazarura nzira Norman Kukunda;
• Hondo Bosworth muna 1485 pedyo pakati pesimba Genriha Tyudora uye Richard III (War of Roses kubva 1455 ne 1485, chokuita nekodzero yokugara);
• pakurwisana Spanish "armáda" iri Chirungu Channel (July 1588) dzakaguma nokuda mano kuti Francis Drake kuti kukunda muEngland, iyo yakava mwene pamakungwa;
• Hondo Marston Moore Muzhizha muna 1644, apo mauto ose Oliver Cromwell akakunda mauto Charles Wokutanga;
• Hondo Britain (July-October 1940) ndiro rakakura kupfuura mamwe ose mhepo hondo, izvo kwakaguma Wehrmacht akarasika vezvikepe 3000, uye Royal Air Force vezvikepe muna 1800 uye vanopfuura 20,000 zvavo pachiwi;
• Battle of Atlantic (. September 1939-June 1944) anonzi hondo Wekumusoro refu, iyo zvaitsamira zvokudya pachitsuwa nerubatsiro zvombo chingashamwaridzana masimba; kukunda mauto eGermany akatendeukira nyika sungano norufu 50 zviuru vengarava.

Hondo hurusa munhoroondo Britain, havana kugara mundima chitsuwa. Remasangano vavo kwakaitika pamusoro pemvura uye mudenga.

Hondo zvinodiwa hwacho

Zvaakanga rudzi munyika simba, Great Britain vakatevera munhu ichitongwa nehurumende. Kuti varambe mukudzora kwake mundima akashandisa mari mauto, unorema vakanga Masoja eRoma dzavatorwa. Manage navo British vakuru.

Hondo vari mapoka:

• 1781 - British mauto yokuupa pana Yorktown muchifarira Franco-American muvengi vakasarudza mugumisiro American Revolutionary War.
• 1842 aizivikanwa kunototyisa chiitiko UK, apo vanenge pasina kurwa rakaparadzwa Elphinstone kukupfura, wobudiswa Kabul kuti vakadzi nevana (16 zviuru vanhu), umo mumwe munhu akapona.
• 1858 - yokukombwa uye andobata Delhi British mauto avo nevatsigiri sezvo pamusana kudzvinyirira of Sepoy Rebellion.
• 1860 - munhu mutsindo kukundwa Chinese mauto kubva Anglo-French hondo muna chinodhaka War First, izvo zvakazoita kuti Beijing zvibvumirano.

UK mauto zvikuru kuti panguva Makore Zana War, Rokutanga uye Second World Wars. Somugumisiro achisangana izvi zvakaitika hondo dzakawanda yakakurumbira zvose panyika pamusoro mvura uye mudenga.

Countries muna Commonwealth

United Kingdom, kunyange iri unitary mamiriro, richine kakawanda vamwe dhigirii self contained dzakabatana.

Countries Great Britain:

• England;
• Wales;
• Scotland;
• Northern Ireland.

Uyezve, pane anonzi Commonwealth of Nations, izvo zvinosanganisira zvinopfuura 50 inotaura. Kunze kweUK izvi zvinosanganisira unoriumba vabati, protectorates uye misha. The kupfuura vavo Australia, Bangladesh, Canada, India, Nigeria, Pakistan nevamwe.

Maguta pakukura

Chokwadi, chikuru uye chinokosha, enyika, zvemari urongwa kwoupfumi, tsika ndiye London. Kunze kwake, pane mamwe maguta makuru Britain:

• Birmingham;
• Liverpool;
• Manchester;
• Glasgow;
• Cardiff;
• Edinburgh;
• Belfast oenda.

vemifananidzo Great

Great vanhu Britain iri tsika bhora vanozivikanwa kure mhiri chitsuwa:

• Agata Kristi - munyori, munyori matikitivha;
• Dzhoan Rouling - munyori;
• Sir Shon Konneri - Actor;
• Dzhon Lennon - Musician;
• Uilyam Shekspir - mumwe munyori wemitambo;
• Dzheyn Ostin - munyori;
• Viven Vestvud - Designer;
• Sir Pol Makkartni - muimbi uye mumiriri;
• Gerbert Uels - munyori;
• Dzho Koker - muimbi.

Izvi hazvisi mazita yakazara vamiririri United Kingdom, uyo akakunda nyika okugadzira zvinhu zvavo.

Great madzimambo voumambo

Munguva Kuvapo ehurumende yakakurumbira madzimambo England vaiva:

• William Mukundi;
• Richard ari Lionheart;
• Henry wechisere;
• Elizabeth I;
• Victoria;
• George Wechitanhatu;
• Elizabeth II.

Great Britain akawedzera kwayo kwaizoita pamusoro nyika. The Commonwealth ano Nations achiri anoziva Korolevoy wake Elizavetu II.

Mhuri achitonga kwoUmambo

Modern Key ndiye mumiririri Windsor dzinza. By Elizabeth II akauya simba muna 1952. Iye ane vanakomana vatatu, mwanasikana, vazukuru masere nezvishanu chibvi.

History of Great Britain vazhinji vakararama hazvifungiki pasina mhuri yeumambo. The Queen pachake wava chiratidzo ehurumende.

Kingdom Great urongwa

Hurumende yave refu aripo ari umambo yeparamende. Royal simba riri shoma kuti paramende bicameral. Vazhinji simba haisi mhuri youmambo, uye musoro wehurumende (wehurumende).

Great Britain, mapikicha zviri nenzira iyi, munhau dzayo, yakakwira yakawanda vanozivikanwa enyika. Vamiririri aipfuura hurumende:

• Winston Churchill;
• Margaret Thatcher;
• David Cameron;
• Uilyam Uilberfors;
• Toni Bler;
• Ketrin Eshitoni;
• Oliver Cromwell;
• William Gladson;
• Neville Chamberlain;
• Benjamin Disraeli.

Mazororo Great Britain

List mazororo mikuru uye mitambo rose gore:

January 1 - New Year Evha (zuva kure). Pompously vakapemberera zvakawanda Scotland kupfuura muEngland uye Wales. Pane tsika muenzi wokutanga, pazuva iri nani kumba pashure 24.00 vakauya nejaya rima bvudzi. Yaiva tsika kuuya nezvokudya, kwekushinywa munyu, marasha, iyo semusimboti zvokudya chiratidzo zvakanaka, kudziya. In Scotland, nokuti mutambo tafura yakasarudza kubika akakurumbira haggis.

January 12 - mumwe mutambo netsika Celtic. Iye anopfuura muna Glasgow, ayo nguva mazuva 19. Kuita vemifananidzo kubva kunyika dzakasiyana.

January 25 - Day Robert Burns. National zororo Scotland, kwaakanga akaberekwa nyanduri akakurumbira. Kupedza zororo sezvo chisvusvuro chaiyo Muchiitiko. Panguva izwi nokurira nhetembo, nziyo. Kubva wenguvo anopiwa zvokupfeka uye zvose nokutamba zvavo vachitamba.

27 January - muScotland kupemberera zororo Aphellio, anomirira Viking kumhara pamusoro British pamhenderekedzo muzana remakore rechi9. Gadzira muenzaniso mumwe Viking chikepe, zvose vapfeke munhau zvokupfeka uye vakapinda napakati guta kusvikira chikepe mugungwa. Viking chikepe pasi mvura kupiswa, vachikanda muna 900 somwenje.

March 1 - Day St waDhavhidhi. Chiitiko kuitika Wales muchimiro mutambo netsika uye nyika.
March 17 - Day Irish Festival St. Patrick raMwari, iro kunoitika nenzira inoita achimisa, achiperekedzwa mapoka endarira. On nhasi, zvose mutema, kusanganisira doro, uye zvipfeko.

April 14 - wegore London Marathon Maruva, inova chikamu rudo siyana varaidzo mumigwagwa uye zvesimba.

April 21 - zuva rokuberekwa Queen Elizabeth II.

1 May - Mutambo whiskey muUnited Kingdom.

May 4 - Mey Dey, mitambo uye mumigwagwa mudungwe.

May 25 - Spring Day in UK (a National zororo). Pazuva iri, zvose migwagwa akafukidzwa maruva, akabata costumed midungwe.

June 1 - the Wimbledon Tennis mutambo.

October 31 - Halloween.

December 25 - Christmas.

December 26 - Boxing Day. Zvinonzi vakazvitsaurira kuna St. Stephen. Mumachechi panguva iyoyo aidhindwa mabhokisi mipiro, uye mudzimba varanda kuenda kumba kuzodya nemhuri yake.

Kune mazororo akawanda vasina wakaiswa mazuva. Chishanu idzvene ruzhinji zororo - ndiye Chishanu pamberi Easter Sunday. Izvi zvinoteverwa yeRoma Easter.

UK mazororo vari hunonyatsobatana nhoroondo chitsuwa. Vanobvumira here yakawanda yokunyatsoongorora tsika yeBritain, dzidza navo kujairika divi.