Ko karenda vaMuslim

karenda vaMuslim unonziwo "hijra" kana "hidzhrat". Naizvozvo, kazhinji zviri kushandisa muronga vaMuslim kutaura saka uye saka kana zvakadaro uye gore kwakadaro Hijra. Ane shoko Arabic rinoreva kutyora chinhu, kuti zviparadzanise mweya kubva muviri chikamu, asi vakawanda ine kuti "kutama kubva panzvimbo nenzvimbo." In Islamic tsika, shoko chinobviswa kwete chete kubva Koran, asi nekuda hadith, mashoko muprofita Muhammad vane.

Kufanana mashoko mazhinji, airemekedzwa muna chiIslam, uye rinoshandiswa kududzirwa yebhaibheri, Islamic karenda kana hidzhrat ane nhoroondo uye kwokufananidzira ukoshi - izvo Ndokusaka kutanga gore vechiIslam nguva yokutanga. Nhoroondo kukosha ichi izwi iri kuti shoko "hidzhrat" rakagara richidudzirwa akasarudzwa Resettlement munharaunda vechimoziremu vaitungamirirwa Muporofita kubva Mecca kuna Medina (iyo unowanzonzi Ansar), kana vakamanikidzwa ringabviswa kutambudzwa, vakaronga ipapo kuvahedheni. Nyaya rinotiwo vanhu Ansar akakwazisa nomufaro heralds kutenda itsva uye kugoverana navo zvose zvavaiva nazvo.

Ndokusaka gore 622 chinoratidza kutanga itsva, kwechiIslam, era uye anonzi gore hidzhrata rokutanga, kureva kwemahofisi munharaunda. Nezvenyaya iyi, kwakapararira mumabhuku Russian kushandiswa rokuti "hidzhrat" nenzira yokureva "kuna Medina kutiza muprofita Mecca" kwakarasika, nekuti muna Islam zvinofungidzirwa kuti muprofita akawanda akatamira Medina, kuita kuda kwaMwari, kuti kupararira Islam, uye kwete kuponesa hwavo. Mukuwedzera, karenda vaMuslim uye kunoratidza kutarisira chivi, chido uye kunyange kuita kuti kuparadzira kutenda, uye basa kukurira matambudziko. Chokwadi kuti pfungwa "hidzhrat" ane pfungwa yokufananidzira, chaizvoizvo rinoreva "ndege", asi tiri kutaura pamusoro kupukunyuka mutendi kubva zvose kuti chinorambidzwa naMwari kana kukuvadza vamwe.

History sumo hidzhrata chokuita nyaya zhinji dzakanaka, kunyanya, zvinoratidza kukwezvana uye kuwirirana pakati vaMuslim nevaKristu panguva muprofita uye vateveri vake vekare. Somuenzaniso, mumwe rinonyatsooneka akatama, nokuda paiva karenda vaMuslim, chaitwa vemunharaunda vechiMuslim Christian Ethiopia. Vechihedheni vabati Mecca vakatuma Embassy kudzoka vapoteri kunyika yokumusha kwavo, uye ivo kunyange vakatuma zvipo muEtiopiya Emperor. Asi akasarudza kutanga kutaura munharaunda vaMuslim. VaMuslim vane vakamuudza kuti vasati vari zvifananidzo, vachizvidza vanasikana murombo, pasingadiwi makavigwa vapenyu mujecha. Uye pashure Mharidzo muprofita wacho, ivo vakasarudza kutenda muna Mwari Mumwe, itai zvinhu zvakanaka, regai kuita zvakaipa kune vamwe, vabatsire varombo uye kudzivirira vakadzi uye kugumbuka, uye ipapo vakatanga kutevera. The Emperor akachema akati kuti chero zvazvingava harizodzoki kwavo. Akatotaura kuti vakasununguka kuita kutenda kwavo muna Ethiopia, nekuti anokonzera mharidzo yacho Muprofita uye Muponesi (Jesu Kristu) - ndiro.

Mugore 637, kana mitemo Caliph Omar, hidzhrata (kwemahofisi) chiitiko kwainzi kutanga kwenguva itsva, mwedzi kana zvakaitika (Muharram) - wokutanga pamwedzi yegore kuti Muronga itsva. Kunyange zvazvo zuva rokutanga romwedzi - zvamazvirokwazvo gore idzva maererano Islamic karenda (رأس السنة الهجرية), asi hapana chinokosha Mhemberero kuti mhemberero nhasi haina inopiwa. The zuva negore karenda yakadaro wokutanga unoenderana July 16, 622.

Gore vechiIslam pakarenda, zvakare, inoumbwa gumi mwedzi, zviri inobva womudenga pakarenda, uye deducted zvikuru zvose mazororo yacho. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mwedzi vari akaverenga kubva pakugara komwedzi mumwe nomumwe, uye inoitwa 29, ipapo mazuva 30. Saka, zvinoita sokuti vaMuslim womudenga karenda rinokamukana gore rikava mazuva 354. Panyaya iyi, uye pakutanga kwegore nguva neimwe zvava nevanhu mazuva 11.