Matangi German "Tiger": iri hwokugadzira zvechadenga mudziyo, wokuenzanisira, photo, moto nemiedzo. Sezvo zvombo Soviet rwakabaya tangi German T-6 "Tiger"?

Nzira iyo muzvirongwa muna Second World War kumativi maviri nechemberi, dzimwe nguva zvakawanda kucherechedzwa uye "dzakafuridzirwa" pane kunyange vechikamu ayo. Mumwe muenzaniso wedu submachine pfuti PCA uye matangi German "Tiger". "Kukurumbira" yavo kumabvazuva mberi zvokuti anenge ose tangi muvengi rechipiri masoja edu akazviona T-6.

Ayakaita?

Pakazosvika 1942, mudonzvo yokuGermany pakupedzisira akaziva kuti "mheni hondo" haana kushanda, asi zvinenge zviri pachena zvinoonekwa nzvimbo tightening. Uyezve, matangi Russian T34 akabvumira kuti zvinobudirira hwokubata German zvikamu nepokuongorora T-3 uye T-4. Achinyatsoziva kuti tangi kurwisa kwakadaro uye zviri basa rayo muhondo, vokuGermany yakasarudza kuva zvachose itsva rinorema tangi.

In nokururama, tinoona kuti basa racho zvakanga zvichiri 1937, asi chete muna 40 anoda vemauto akatora mamwe kongiri chimiro. Racho pamusoro inorema tangi aishanda vashandi makambani maviri: Henschel uye Porsche. Ferdinand Porsche aiva kufarira kuna Hitler, uye saka akaita anotambudzika chikanganiso, achikurumidza zvikuru ... Zvisinei, ichi tichiri kutaura.

The prototypes yokutanga

Nechekare muna 1941 Wehrmacht makambani akapa "kuruzhinji" prototypes maviri: VK 3001 (H) uye VK 3001 (P). Asi muna May wegore iroro, mauto akapa yoku- zvinodiwa inorema matangi, zvichiguma zvirongwa vaifanira zvakakomba kucherechedza.

Panguva iyoyo magwaro okutanga ari chigadzirwa VK 4501, iro rinorondedzera ayo dzinza German tangi rinorema "Tiger". The vakwikwidzi vaifanira kugovera ivhu wokutanga May-June 1942. Kuwanda mabasa dzave catastrophically mukuru, sezvo vose platforms vokuGermany vakanga chaizvoizvo kuzodzosera zvakagadzirwa. Muchirimo 1942 vose prototypes, vakapakata shongwe Friedrich Krupp AG, vakaunzwa kune "Wolf kuti inogara" kuitira kuti varatidze mabikirwo idzva iri Führer zuva rokuberekwa.

kwikwidza weNobel

Zvakazozivikanwa kuti vaviri motokari dzinokosha zvainovhiringidzawo. Somuenzaniso, Porsche ari saka "akukurwe" pfungwa pakusika munhu "yemagetsi" tangi kuti ayo kumumvuri, ari rinorema kwazvo, vaisagona mutendeuke 90 °. We Henschel aivawo kwete zvose zvakanaka: tangi ake tanetseka chaizvo aigona vakapararira kune zvaidiwa 45 km / h, asi injini kwaro kudziyirwa zvokuti pane mukana chaiyo moto. Asi zvakadaro ndakahwina izvozvo tangi ichi.

Zvikonzero zviri nyore: munhu chaiwo magadzirirwo uye kupenya chassis. Tank chete Porsche aiva akaoma uye inoda zvinoverengeka chishoma mhangura kugadzirwa, kuti kunyange Hitler aiwanzoda kurega injiniya wake waaida. Naye zviri kugamuchirwa uye kusarudzwa komiti. Maiva Matangi German "Tiger" kubva "Henschel" uye rava kuzivikanwa "chinyorwa."

About kusimuka uye nemigumisiro yayo

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti Porsche pacharo pamberi kutanga bvunzo aiva nechokwadi kubudirira kwake kuti akarayira kutanga kugadzirwa pasina akamirira migumisiro kugamuchirwa. Patsime 1942 mu okudhindira iri chirimwa yava kare chaizvo 90 vakagadzirira akagadzirwa chassis akamira. Mushure kunyura kudiwa kugadzirisa miedzo, zvokuita navo. The goho kwakawanikwa - a chassis simba rakashandiswa pakusika ACS "Ferdinand."

Izvi vaizviita propelled pfuti aiva asina zvishoma nomukurumbira kupfuura kana tikaenzanisa pamwe T-6. "Huma" chikara ichi havana kuvhuna zvinenge chinhu, kunyange pfungwa-varara siyana uye kubva chinhambwe mamita 400-500 chete. Hazvishamisi, "Fyodor" Soviet tangi zvokuchenesa vakatya pachena uye kuremekedzwa. Zvisinei, kuti vaifamba haana kubvumirana navo, "Ferdinand" asina kosi pfuti, asi nekuti vazhinji motokari 90 vakaparadzwa rinobva zvimbambaira uye Anti-tangi mhosva, "nyatsoongorora" akarara nekodzero pasi Makwara.

Serial kugadzirwa uye kunatsiridzwa

In mukupera August wegore iroro kuti tangi vakapinda kugadzirwa. Oddly, asi mune imwe nguva akaramba ndichibvunza kuidzwa itsva rwokugadzira. Kokutanga akaratidza nzwisa Hitler akanga yatova nguva kuenda mumigwagwa polygons 960? Km. It Vakawana kuti mune akaoma muchina inogona nokukurumidza kusvika 18 km / h, uye chine mafuta akapisa kusvika 430 litres muzana 100 km. Saka tangi German "Tiger", inova hunhu nyaya, nokuti ayo kwokunyanyisa vakauya zvakawanda zvinetso zvitengeswa mabasa.

Manufacturing uye magadzirirwo kuvandudza aenda kuva chete masumbu. zhinji kwokunze zvinhu akachinjwa, kusanganisira mabhokisi uye kupembedza nhengo. Zvadaro, pazuva mukomberedzo reshongwe vakatanga kuisa mumaturi duku akanyorerwa kuti utsi mabhomba uye zvimbambaira "S" mhando. Zvapedzisira akaitirwa kuparadza muvengi inifanduri uye akanga achinyengera kwazvo: vasunungurwa hunde, iye akaridza panguva yakaderera kukwira, thickly vakabatwa nehope nzvimbo yakapoteredza tangi navaduku simbi balls. Uyezve, kunyanya nokuti masking muchina muhondo imwe utsi magirinedhi NbK 39 (caliber 90 mm) zvakagoverwa.

Nezvinetso zvokufambisa

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti matangi German "Tiger" akava wokutanga muna munhoroondo tangi mota kuti yakanyatsoiswa sezvo mureza zvokushandisa pasi pemvura kutyaira. Izvi zvakanga nokuda guru guru T-6, izvo haana kubvumira kutakura naro mabhiriji vakawanda. Ndizvo zvinoitwa, zvokushandisa zviri kushanda kwete kushandiswa.

Unhu Its yakanga nourefu, sezvo imwe bvunzo yacho tangi pasina matambudziko maawa anopfuura maviri pakadzika mumudziyo (pamwe injini kumhanya), asi kunzwisisa kwakaita chokugadza kudiwa ouinjiniya kudzidzisa nharaunda kunoita kushandisa maturo hurongwa. Kwematangi pachavo vaidavira kuti German inorema tangi T-VI "Tiger" Ingoita rakabayirwa zvakawanda kana zvishoma madhaka pasi, saka edza arege kuzviisa pangozi vachishandisa "mureza" nzira kuyambuka rwizi.

Zvinofadza kuti kamwe nezvemarudzi maviri pamakwara yambokurukurwa kuti muchina uyu: rakamanikana 520 mm uye 725 mm paupamhi. Chokutanga kushandiswa kutakura matangi ari mureza njanji platforms uye, kana zvichiita - kufamba pasi simba yayo pamusoro Migwagwa. Chechipiri mhando aiva kurwisa makonye, yaishandiswa zvimwe zviitiko zvose. Chii chaiva mudziyo "Tiger" tangi German?

patani Features

The chaizvo pamasikiro motokari itsva waiva chaiwo, pamwe shure MTO. It inoremekedzwa yose pamberi nokudzora chikwata. Ndipo apo mabasa vakanga riri mutyairi uye redhiyo opareta, izvo panguva akashanda se nomuseve, achitarisira vatorwa Exchange pfuti.

The pakati Chikamu tangi akaiswa pasi vaunoshanda mupanda. Akagadzawo pamusoro neshongwe ine pfuti uye pfuti, paiva operative mukuru panzvimbo, murwi uye loader. Also dzichengeterwe ose zvombo zviri tangi mukurwa mupanda.

nezvombo

The huru Chishandiso yaiva pfuti KwK 36 caliber 88 mm. It yakazokudziridzwa inobva wakashata pfuti Anti-ndege "ITA-ITA" zvakafanana caliber, uyo muna 1941 nechivimbo akakurudzira vose omubatanidzwa Matangi kusvika zvose marefu. Gun bharero urefu - 4928 neMM, kufungisisa tomu akamedura - 5316 mm. Kuti akanga ari wokupedzisira inokosha kuwana mainjiniya German sezvo kunoderedza simba unodzokera inogamuchirika chechetere. Ebetsero maoko akanga 7,92 mm pfuti MG-34.

Exchange pfuti, izvo, sezvatakagamuchira akati, akatonga redhiyo opareta, akaiswa pamberi mupanda. Cherechedza kuti mune mutungamiriri wacho cupola, akapa kushandisa rinokosha kuda hachingagari imwe MG-34/42, iyo iri nyaya kushandiswa zvombo Anti-ndege. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti ichi chipimo aiva kumanikidzwa uye kazhinji kushandiswa vokuGermany muEurope.

Kazhinji, ndege aisagona kudzivisa chero tangi German rinorema. T-IV, «Tiger» - vakanga nyama yemagora kuna omubatanidzwa ndege. Tine chete mamiriro ezvinhu zvakasiyana chaizvo, nekuti kusvikira 1944 USSR akangoti haana stormtroopers yakakwana kwazvo yokurwiswa German okugadzira.

Rotating turret akatakurirwa hydraulic rotator, ane simba akanga 4 KW. Power hunobviswa gearbox, izvo akashandisa yoga giya. The mashandiro kwaibatsira chaizvo: panguva kunonyanyisa kumhanya shongwe rotates 360 madhigirii kweminiti.

Kana kuti zvimwe chikonzero injini yakanga vakanyura, asi aifanira kutsausa neshongwe, ivo kwematangi vaigona kushandisa Chinyorwa kutenderera mudziyo. drawback Its, kunze yakakwirira mitoro pamusoro ngoro, ndechokuti kuchangotanga tilting vachishandisa kutenderera Upfu zvakanga zvisingaiti.

simba chirimwa

MTO raiva sesimba chirimwa uye huni vanokwanisa. Izvi Matangi German "Tiger" zvakanaka zvakasiyana michina yedu kuti mafuta muzvitoro vanoiswa zvakananga mukurwa mupanda. Uyezve, MTO yave akaparadzaniswa nemamwe nezvikamu hwakasimba partition kuti kuderedza ngozi kuti vashandi mumwe rakananga raparadza injini mukamuri.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti matangi German Hondo Yenyika II ( "Tiger" hapana kunze), pasinei "peturu" ayo kubwinya "kupenya" haagamuchirwi. Zvakanga zvakafanira chaiyo kune zvine urongwa peturu matangi.

The kwebasa motokari dziri mbiri injini Maybach HL 210P30 650 zvapano kana Maybach HL 230P45 700 zvapano (dzakanga kuisa kubvira 251-ndipo "Tiger"). Motors V-zvakaumbwa, zvina-sitiroko, humburumbira 12. Cherechedza kuti tangi "Panther" akanga anawo injini, asi mumwe. Dzaserera injini maviri mvura mvura inotonhorera. Uyezve, kumativi maviri injini zvimwe mafeni kuvandudza kutonhora kwacho zvakatangwa. Uyezve, wakaparadzaniswa wokufema jenareta uye pedza manifolds zvapiwa.

Kusiyana chizvarwa Matangi dzaigona kushandiswa kuzadza chete peturu mukuru-mugiredhi ane octane nhamba dzinenge 74. Four mafuta tangi yakarongwa MTO atiitirewo. 534 litres peturu. Kana uchityaira pamusoro zvakaoma tsvina mumigwagwa por zana makiromita akapedzerwa 270 litres kuti peturu, uye panguva mharadzano iri kure-mugwagwa zvazvingava kwakawedzera pakarepo kuti 480 litres.

Saka hwokugadzira zvechadenga tangi "Tiger" (German) haina yakaoneka anofamba dzaro refu "yakazvimirira". Kana chete waiva shoma mukana, vokuGermany vakaedza kumubata pedyo yekurwira pamusoro zvitima. Naizvozvo akabuda isingadhuri zvikuru.

coils Magadzirirwo

Kurutivi rumwe norumwe akanga 24 mugwagwa mavhiri, izvo kwete chete vari vakadzungairira, asi vakamira mitsara mina chete! Mumugwagwa mavhiri inoshandiswa inogadziriswa rabha matai, rumwe vaiva simbi, asi kushandisa wokuwedzera hurongwa yomunyika depreciation. Cherechedza kuti tangi German T-6 "Tiger" aiva zvinokosha chaizvo drawback kuti zvakanga zvisingaiti kuti kubvisa: Nokuda chaizvo yakakwirira mitoro nokukurumidza vaipfeka mabhandeji ose rollers.

Kubva pamusoro 800th muchina panguva rinks zvose vakatanga kuisa simbi bhendi uye yomukati cushioning. Kuti husava uye kuderedza mari kuvakwa chete panze rinks vakanga vasingagoni basa. Panzira, uyewo vakawanda mutengo Wehrmacht tangi German "Tiger"? mharidzo kutanga womuenzaniso gore 1943 Zvaifungidzirwa kubudikidza zvinyorwa siyana, kubvira 600 zviuru 950 tysyach Reichsmarks.

Unoshandiswa kudzora mudhiraivho, sezvinoita mudhudhudhu vhiri: kuburikidza nokushandisa hydraulic ngarurege kuva tangi yairema matani 56 dzichengete nyore kunetseka ruoko mumwe. Change giya anogona kuva minwe miviri chete. Zviya, ichi tangi PPC akanga chepamutemo kudada vagadziri: - (!) Robotic, zvina mberi rachulis maviri apfuura.

Kusiyana Matangi edu, apo mehvoda aigona chete kuva ruzivo chaizvo munhu ari professionalism izvo kazhinji zvaitsamira upenyu yose vashandi panguva achidzora kuti "Tiger" aigona kutora chero infantryman, asati nokutyaira mudhudhudhu kanenge. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, panzira, romukova mehvoda "Tiger" chinhu chinokosha hakunganzi, apo mutyairi T-34 akanga rinenge chikuru tangi wavarwi.

The dzokurwa kudzivirirwa

Nyaya - bhokisi-zvakaumbwa, masangano ayo kuenda "mu Spike" uye welded. machira dzokurwa anokungurutsirwa, pamwe yokuvirisa ose chromium uye molybdenum, atadze. Vazhinji kare kushora "bhokisi-zvakaumbwa", "Tiger", asi, chokutanga, kuti kare kwete zvakachipa saka muchina kunogona kanenge sechinhu nyore. Chechipiri, zvakakosha, kusvikira 1944 muhondo haana imwe omubatanidzwa tangi, izvo zvinogona yakarova T-6 mune frontal fungidziro. Zvakanaka, kana kwete kukoshesa.

Zvekuti German inorema tangi T-VI «Tiger" panguva yokusika yakanga yakafara chaizvo muchina. Chaizvoizvo, nokuti ichi akanga achida uye kwematangi Wehrmacht. Nenzira, chombo Soviet rwakabaya German tangi "Tiger"? More chaizvo, zvombo chii?

Chii chombo Soviet wakabaya "Tiger"

The frontal dzokurwa ane Ukobvu 100 neMM, divi uye inosimbisa - 82 mm. Vamwe vanyori venhau dzakaitika kare mauto vanotenda kuti nemhaka "kudimburwa," siyana pokugara ne "Tiger" anokwanisa kurwisa kwedu zis-3 caliber 76 neMM, asi pane dzimwe subtleties:

• Chokutanga, kukunda pahuma zvakawanda kana zvishoma inosimbiswa chete 500 metres, asi substandard dzokurwa kuboora projectiles vasingawanzotauri kubaya zvombo unhu chokutanga "Tigers", kunyange zvemandorokwati.
• Chechipiri, zvakakosha, muhondo zvakanga zvakapararira "polkovushka" caliber 45 neMM, riri pahuma T-6 havana kutora zvachose. Kunyange kana anopinda parutivi kupinda raigona nebumbiro kana mutinhimira 50, uye hausi chokwadi.
• Cannon F-34 T-34-76 uyewo haana kuvhenekera, uye kunyange kushandiswa subcaliber "Coils" mamiriro ezvinhu anomururamisa simba. Chokwadi ndechokuti kunyange kuboora anoshongwa pfuti iyi zvakachengeteka muareka "Tiger" pamwe mamita 400-500 chete. Zvino - vachifungidzira kuti "vanodzungunyika" raiva unhu haisi nguva dzose.

Sezvo zvombo Soviet wakabaya German tangi "Tiger" haasiye Matangi akapiwa nyore kuti: kupfura dzokurwa rinobaya chete kana paine 100% mukana kumurova. Saka zvaibvira yokuderedza kudyiwa chishoma uye anodhura kwazvo tungsten carbide. Kuti kanoni Soviet aigona gurunurai munhu T-6 chete panguva masanga mamiriro ezvinhu akawanda:

• Small kure.
• Itai angled akanaka.
• A yepamusoro deko.

Saka kusvikira zvakawanda kana zvishoma mukanyiwa pakuonekwa T-34-85 muna 1944 uye saturation mauto kuzvidzora propelled pfuti SU-85/100/122 uye "vavhimi" SU / Manje-152 "Tigers" vaivenga mauto edu ngozi chaizvo.

Unhu rwisana kushandiswa

About sei aionekwa zvikuru German tangi T-6 "Tiger" murayiro pamusoro Wehrmacht anoti dzinenge chokwadi kuti idzva tactical chikwata mauto akasikwa zvakananga kuti motokari idzi - rinorema tangi rechiuto. Uye akanga ari oga, mira-oga chikamu, akanga kodzero kuzvimirira chiito. Chii chakanangana battalions 14 pakutanga anosikwa mumwe akaita Italy - mumwe Africa, uye 12 akasara - in USSR. Izvi zvinopa pfungwa yokuti ferocity kurwa pamusoro Eastern Front.

Muna August 1942, "Tigers" vave "Waanofarira" by Mgoy apo Gunners edu akapfura pasi maviri matatu muchirongwa bvunzo motokari (kwaiva nhanhatu), uye muna 1943 mauto edu vakakwanisa kukomba T-6 yokutanga anenge akakwana ezvinhu. Pakarepo moto nemiedzo rwaiitwa tangi German "Tiger", waiita Zvinogumbura zvakabudiswa: T-34 tangi mutsva nzira yechiFascist kurwisa yakaenzana mashoko asingagoni, uye simba mureza 45-mm Anti-tangi pfuti hondo vasina zvakakwana kuti kupaza zvombo.

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti chinonyanya hombe nyaya nokushandisa "Tigers" muSoviet Union pamhemberero Hondo Kursk. Kwaiva kwakarongwa kuti 285 motokari iyi mhando richashandiswa, asi chaizvoizvo ari Wehrmacht akaisa 246 T-6.

MuEurope, kubudikidza panguva omubatanidzwa landings paiva matatu rinorema tangi battalions vakapakata 102 "Tiger". Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti maererano March 1945 pakanga vanenge 185 Matangi iyi mhando parwendo munyika. Dzinokwana anenge 1,200 dzakabatana dzakabudiswa. Nhasi, pane imwe nzira German tangi "Tiger" munyika. Photos of tangi, riri Aberdeen Muchiedza Ground, kuonekwa nguva dzose munhau.

Sei yakaumbwa "tigroboyazn"?

Yakakwirira kunyatsoshanda pamusoro Matangi aya kunonyanya kukonzerwa zvakaisvonaka kukurukurwa uye takasununguka basa rikarira. Up kusvikira 1944, hondo yakanga isina imwe omubatanidzwa tangi, izvo aizofanira kundorwa "Tiger" pamusoro akamira zvakaenzana. Vakawanda kwematangi edu vakaurayiwa apo motokari yavo akarova vokuGermany vane chinhambwe 1.5-1.7? Km. Apo T 6 akakurudzira vashomanana mashoma zvikuru.

Kufa Ace German Wittmann - muenzaniso. tangi ake hwatsvuka kuburikidza "Sherman" pakupedzisira apedza kure aine pfuti bara marefu. Mumwe padded "Tiger" akanga 6-7 zvinopiswa T-34, uye vokuAmerica vane nokuongorora Matangi yavo yakanga kunyange sadder. Chokwadi, "makumi mana" - muchina ane boka zvakasiyana zvachose, asi kuti kazhinji kacho aipikisa neDare T-6. Izvi kamwe zvakare inosimbisa heroism uye kuzvitsaurira varwi kwedu.

The chikuru zvazvakashatira muchina

The chikuru chinetso ndiye mukuru uremu uye upamhi, zvichiita zvisingabviri anofambisa tangi kwakajairika njanji platforms pasina preconditioning. With Panyaya fananidzo chisina kutsetseka nadzo "Tiger" uye "Panther" ne kufunga pamakona maonero, mune tsika T-6 vachiri ane inozezesa anokumhan'arira kuti Soviet uye sungano Matangi tichiregeredza rikurumidze kuchengetedza. At T-5 akanga kwazvo akadzivirirwa frontal fungidziro, asi bhodhi uye zvokudya zvaiva vanenge pachena.

Chii kuipa, kunyange simba injini maviri haana kukwana chokuendesa rinorema motokari chakadaro akaoma. On the marshy nevhu naro chete elm. VokuAmerica kunyange dzakabudirira rwisana chaiyo nzira "Tigers": vanomanikidzwa kuti pafiripi German rechiuto rinorema kubva kumucheto mugove mumwe, zvichiguma vaviri vhiki, hafu T-6 (dzinenge) akaratidza igadziriswe.

Pasinei zvose zvikanganiso, mota German "Tiger", iro rine mufananidzo munyaya yaiva anotyisa kwazvo kurwa machine. Zvichida, kubva zvoupfumi nemaonero, haina chisingakoshi, asi kwematangi, kusanganisira isu, kuti vanomhanya wokushamisira nzira dzinoongororwa ichi "katsi" chaizvo.