Mondragon kuzvidzora vachizvitakudza pfuti (Mexico): tsananguro, nhoroondo uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Pakutanga rokupedzisira remakore pakati kufambira mberi nepfuti pakarepo vapinda Mexico - yakanga patented nokuda nyika yokutanga kuzvidzora vachizvitakudza pfuti Mondragon, zvachiri havasi muduku mhando dzakawanda dzeEurope kuti nepfuti. Kugadzirwa nemaonero otomatiki zvombo vaiita atirari mauto, General Manuel Mondragon. Akashanyira Europe uye familiarized pamwe yepamusoro kunyika maoko, ndakasvika pakugumisa kuti musha inoda zvombo yayo zvokuzvisarudzira. Saka anotanga nyaya yakakurumbira kwepfuti Mondragon.

Development nechirongwa

Development chirongwa kwakatangwa muna 1892. Munguva pfupi iri mukuru akakwanisa kuronga vakawanda pfungwa, uye kare kubudikidza 1896 ndipo patented namaapuro itsva, rave richizivikanwa muUnited States, Belgium uye France. Asi basa iri haina kumborega - Mondragon pfuti akaramba kuvandudza.

The chikuru chepfungwa pfuti itsva yakanga yava automatic, izvo zvaizoita kushanda nesimba upfu magasi. Panguva ino, ruzivo urwu kwainzi "maturo" se kuumba chaizvo yakavimbika mashandiro zvakanga zvisingatomboiti. General kugadzirisa nyaya iyi. Munguva kukura chirongwa pfuti kwave kuchiita kuchinja. Mumwe kuchinja kwakadaro ndiko mhando cartridges vane 6,5 mm X 48 7 X 57 mm. Mukuwedzera, yokuvaka urongwa yaiva pfungwa pakusika yako zvombo. Asi chete mirayiridzo umo basa rakanga raitwa dzose, aiva kusika yakavimbika zvaitika reloading mashandiro.

otomatiki mashandiro

Munguva idzodzo, Mondragon pfuti akanga nepokuongorora kumbonyanya yakavimbika nomazviri otomatiki recharge, uyo akashanda nesimba upfu magasi. The chikuru che gasi injini kuva chubhu-casing mukati iyo pisitoni uye kudzokera chitubu. The pisitoni ane hunokosha kuti chokuita kuti shutter. Gas nyere-casing iri pasi Upfu - zvimwe chombo. Pamwe chete naye, iye wakange vasiyana receiver. Akanga Tabs inokosha vaidiwa kusvina liners nokukiya Upfu. Mukuwedzera, mukati bhokisi ane maberere - achizorora kwavari, rotates bhaudhi.

Pakarepo shutter aiva cylindrical nhengo pamwe miganhu, pakadzika uye helical migero, izvo kumanikidzwa kuti tenderera pavaitama. Pagedhi kuzvidzora vachizvitakudza pfuti Mondragon aiva duku mugero raiva muridzi wengoma.

Suwo pepuranga uye rukungiso mashandiro

Kurutivi mugamuchiri akanga rinokosha akagerwa-kunze, chaidiwa kuti anobvumawo chinjwa muvharo pamwe mubato. Mubato, akavapindurawo, iri akashongedzerwa ane swinging bhatani uye anokurukura zvokunyaradza vadhakwa. Movement of pamupinyi shure chakaitika disengagement zvechizarira uye gasi bakatwa. The "disengaged" uye kudzoka chitubu, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore manually reload. Shock-mhando vachiridzira mashandiro iri pasi necheshure mugamuchiri, pamusoro inoshandisa dzidziso pamatanda. The shanduro muenzaniso wokutanga aigona chete moto kurira kwepfuti kuroorwa, akashongedzerwa pamwe yemasiraidhi varindi vakanga akadzikatidza kufamba chikungiso.

Zvadaro, Mondragon pfuti yekudyidzana achinja, zvichiguma mukana kuitisa otomatiki moto. Fiyuzi yave nani - iye ane chinja, raisanganisira watsemuka kuti kupfura muoti. Before USM raiva chitoro inokwana 10 vaitenderera. It akapomerwa tichibatsirwa clip.

otomatiki chiito

Kana iwe vakasundira chikungiso nenyundo anorova vachiridzira mbambo, nenyunje chivharo uye vesa gunpowder. Bystroobrazuyuschiesya upfu magasi kuburikidza unokosha mugero ari hunde ndokuwira gasi nenyere, uye akashanda pamusoro pisitoni, kumanikidza kuti kufamba namanhede. Munguva kufamba pisitoni anorumanya kudzoka chitubu uye akasunda bhaudhi kurutivi rwemberi nzvimbo - iri zvikaramba uye vabudiswa katuriji.

Mushure kuderedza kumanikidzwa upfu magasi yakagadzirisa kudzokera yechirimo, kukuvadza pisitoni uye wonditorera shutter. Munhu kuchienderera mberi uye Rotating, anofanira kutumwa kukamuri imwe katuriji nokukiya Upfu kwakabereka. Pakarepo mushure maizvozvo, unogona kuita inotevera vapfurwa. Mexican pfuti Mondragon akanga utachiona retracting bhaudhi shure. Izvi zvinozarura hwindo kuti buritsa goko casings, uye ipapo akazadza kuchitoro nokubatsirwa clip. Reverse kwebasa shutter mumba anofanira kutumwa nhare.

Zvimwe zvinhu nepfuti

The chikuru chepfungwa nepfuti iri reloading mashandiro. Chokwadi kuti magadzirirwo ayo rinobvumira kuti kushanda Chinyorwa kana otomatiki nzira. Izvi vaipa kushanda zvombo, kunyange kana utachiona gasi chubhu. On the yemasiraidhi puranga ane bhatani chaiyo disconnects kudzoka patsime riri shutter, nokudaro tama nepfuti reloading Chinyorwa nzira.

Chimwe chinhu ndechokuti kuvapo pfuti nani wokuenzanisira, anozivikanwa somunhu kuzvipira rokukwidza pfuti Mondragon M1908 (Switzerland). The ndechokuti pashure okuguma pokumuka - muna 1893 - hapana nyika haana kuda kutanga kugadzirwa rutsva chombo zvokuzvisarudzira. Yakanga chete pashure chinguva chibvumirano kuti kweShanduro 50 nepfuti wokutanga akasaina Switzerland.

Kuva Swiss pfuti Mondragon M1908

Kamwe gunsmiths Switzerland Aingoziva zvombo zvitsva automatic, vakaita kuvandudza nayo. Kutanga katuriji itsva yave akasunungurwa - 5,2h48 neMM, inova akasiyana mureza zvombo (6,5h48 mm) yakanakisisa hunde chisimbiso uye kuvapo anokosha or washers, akapa yakarurama nzvimbo kwedziva.

Pashure paizvozvo, achibatsirwa masimba maviri akatanga kuumba cartridges kuti nepfuti 7,5h55 neMM, .30-30 uye 7x57 mm "Mauser". Kusarudza kutanga uchifarira hurumende Swiss. Nepfuti chete caliber 7x57 mm mekikantsam aifarira - saka pane dzakasiyana maviri zvombo otomatiki rokutanga: pfuti Mondragon arr. Muna 1908, unoshanda Mexico, uye Mondragon M1908 muSwitzerland.

The tevera dambudziko

The mberi njodzi otomatiki zvombo haana kubudirira. Nokuda kukoshesa kwehurumende Swiss kugona kushandisa zvose kusunungurwa zvigadzirwa. Kutenga vasingagoni ishe kunyange Mexico. Uyezve, muna 1911 ari kwekurasira nyika (Switzerland) aiva chimurenga, uye vanoverengeka zana ivhu vakasiyiwa kuunganidza guruva mune imwe imba yokuchengetera zvinhu.

Hurumende echimurenga akamboedza kushandisa chombo. Uye pakutanga World War ndakanga chibvumirano kuti nerubatsiro nepfuti Germany. Pano ihwohwo vezvikepe. Zvadaro, pashure zvaikosha kuchinja kunge chinozoiswa zvombo zvinopfuura mamiriyoni 1,7. Countries kuti aida kuzvipira vachizvitakudza pfuti M. Mondragon - Mexico, Chile, Peru, China uye Japan. The goho pamusoro otomatiki nepfuti akamira muna 1950. Panguva ivepo, nepfuti nguva kubatanidzwa makuru kurwisana dzakawanda zvombo uye akava mumwe zvikuru nevanhu marudzi zvombo.