Mvura yakadzika ndiwo mazano makuru: mvura yakachena uye mugungwa

Murume wemazuva ano anoshandiswa kutonga zvisikwa. Mishonga yake yakawanda haisati iri yechokwadi, asi chokwadi. Kana zvichidikanwa - anogona kudzoka nenzizi, kuparadzira makore, kukura boka rese ramakwai Dolly. Uye kubereka hove ... Aquaculture ndiwo mutambo webasa iro vanhu vakawana makore zviuru zvina apfuura. Iko mubvunzo wekutanga (kubva kumadziviri maviri) nheyo dzemvura itsva. Asi yechipiri - mariculture (marita) - yakave yakanakira kwemazana emakore.

Zvimedu zvakazara namatare ...

Pahove dzavo "minda" munhu anotora zvinhu zvose zvinobvumira kubereka nekukura zvipenyu zvegungwa. Izvo zvinosanganisira hupenyu hwakazara kana kuti chikamu checho (zvichienderana nemabasa akanzi). Inofungidzirwa kuti mugungwa ndeye vana veChina, uko makore 3 750 apfuura, mazamu emvura yakachena akaumbwa uye hove dzakasimwa mavari.

Zvishoma nezve "kurarama sirivha". Izvo zvinhu uye kwete-zvigadzirwa. Izvo zvisiri zvekutengesa hove, sekutonga, zvinopa zvokudya kune mombe nehoku. Munhu anoshandisa kanteen (zvinhu). Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti maChinese akadziridza marudzi akasiyana-siyana epamusoro-soro "nyama yechipiri" kubva muna 1120 BC. Yakachengetwa mashoko pamusoro pebhuku rekutanga revadzidzisi vekutanga vemvura yakadzika. "Bhuku reMagwaro" rakanyorwa nomumwe Fan Li (China) muna 599 BC. E.

Inobatsira gungwa red algae (porphyry), zvinodyiwa bivalve mollusks (oyster), maparera (mollusks, mukati mayo inokura dombo), raire-mavara yummy (mullet) mumusha wemunyori Nha. 1 yakakurwa hafu yemireniyumu yapfuura.

Munharaunda, mabheji, mahara

Gare gare purazi yehove yakanga iri kuMesopotamiya, mumupata wezizi mbiri huru - Tigris neEuphrates. Chikafu chinhu chinozivikanwa kuvaIjipita vekare, vaRoma, vaGiriki, uye dzimwe nyika. Pamhenderekedzo yeMediterranean panguva dzakanga dziri muUmambo hweRoma, ruzhinji rwe "zvibereko zvaro" rwakaputika mumakungwa akazadzwa nemvura yakasungwa.

Vanhu vanogara muzvitsuwa zvisingaverengeki zvePacific Ocean, senzvimbo yemiti yavo yehove, vanoshandiswa mabhanga, mabhanga. Mafuro nehove yegungwa yegungwa muHawaii aivapo muzana remakore re XV. Mazimbe edzimba akaparadzaniswa kubva pagungwa nemakona nemadzimai.

Zvinonzi zana nemakumi mashanu nepfumbamwe dzakadaro "dzakapona" kusvikira muna 1900. Iyo inozivikanwa kuti Japanese pasi pemvura "zvekurima mabhizinesi" yakabudisa maoster, magungwa, scallops kubva muzana remakore rechigumi nemanomwe.

Carp monastery kwete kwete chete

Mvura yokuRussia yakagadzirirwa muzana remakore gumi nemanomwe nemasere gumi nemasere. Kunyanya kukoshesa kwakakweverwa pakutanga pakutanga nekatsika, asingatendi. Imapurazi yekutanga yemapurazi yakabuda mumataundi, gare gare masango akasangana munyika yevaiti veminda uye, zvechokwadi, munyika yenyika.

Izvo zvipembenene zvepasi rese zvehove zvinodyiwa nevanhu ndezvakawanda. Hafu yaro imvura inokura nekuchengeta maoko evanhu. Kuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kwemabhizimusi kunowira pamakore makumi manomwe nemakumi masere ezana remakore rechimakumi maviri. Maererano neHood and Agriculture Organisation yeUnited Nations (FAO), anenge mazana mana nemakumi mashanu emarudzi uye michesi yehove inodyarwa, kusanganisira crustaceans, mollusks, algae, nezvimwe zvipenyu zvemvura zvine huwandu hwakakosha hwezvokudya.

Tora uye usvike

Kwemakore akawanda, mutungamiri asina chaanoda mumutsetse wekusimudzira wemvura ndeyehove kubva pamvura yakachena. Pasi payo inoenda kune mollusks, crustaceans, shanduko (diadromous) hove uye, pakupedzisira, dzakasiyana-siyana dze "marine" marine nemamwe mhuka dzemvura.

Mvura yakadzikawo ihwowo hupfumi hwemhando yepamusoro. Kana iwe uchizviongorora, zvinowanzoitika kuti chikuru chezvose zvinokura chena chena. Nzvimbo yechipiri mumukombe wakachena, wechitatu inobatwa necarp. Pakati pezvipembenene mu mariculture, inonyanya kuzivikanwa pakati pevatengi ndeye bivalve mollusks, kunyanya oyster. Kana ari ma crustaceans, pano panokosha kusinganzwisisiki emuchena mutsvuku, inoteverwa ne tiger uye Chinese mahnoruky crab.

Simba rega roga rokubata hove rinozvigadzirira pachesi yehuwandu hwekurima kwekurima kwezvinyorwa zvezvisikwa zvegungwa, asi vose vari pakati pevatungamiri vemunyika iyi kune dzimwe nyika. Kusiyana kwePeru neRussia. Chirongo chekuRussia chiri pakutanga kwekusimudzirwa. Kwenguva refu, haana kupiwa zvakakodzera.

Kunze kweInguva Yakavanzika

China, yatakambotaura nezvayo pakutanga, inokura 70 muzana yehove yehove uye yehove yakachena. Nzvimbo yakakwirira yekugadzirwa kwemabhizimisi munyika dzakasiyana-siyana inokonzerwa nezvikonzero zvakawanda. Kunyanya, muma1980, "ruzivo" rwakaonekwa mumutemo wenyika dzakawanda pamusoro pedzimwe nyika yakange iri kunze kwenharaunda uye yakatarisana nayo (kusvika maira mazana maviri).

Iyi denga yakava nharaunda yehurumende yepamutemo yepamutemo (imwe nzvimbo yezvemari). Yakave yakajeka: "Sirivha inorarama", ichikura pamhenderekedzo isina rusununguko uye gungwa rakazaruka nzvimbo, inopera. Imwe nyaya yakasiyana-siyana inyanzvi yemvura, zvisikwa zvehupenyu zvinogona kudzorerwa nguva dzose.

Zviitiko zvechangobva kuitika mumunda wekombiyuta yekukurima kwemaindasitiri emhando dzakakosha dzemhando dzehove, algae, uye mollusks (zvinhu zvekutengesa) zvakaitwa nenzira yakakodzera panguva. Kuverenga kwakarurama kwakakurumidza kunounza kubudirira: sezvinozivikanwa, mutengo wekiti imwe yezvigadzirwa zvemhando dzehove zvakagadzirwa zvakaderera kudarika zvinodiwa nenyama, asi minda yemvura inobereka zvibereko kupfuura minda (farmland).

Kuenderera mberi kunoenderera

Sezvaunoziva, huwandu hwePasi huri kuwedzera, zvinoreva kuti dambudziko rekudya rinongowedzera. Mvura yehupfumi yakaratidza seyove neramangwana rakanaka, ichipa zviuru zvevanhu vane mabasa anokosha. Kune dzimwe nyika dzakadai seChina, India, Vietnam, Japan, Thailand, nezvimwewo, uko huwandu hwehuwandu hwevanhu huri pamusoro uye basa rakaderera, uku ndiko kuponesa kwechokwadi. Vakava vatungamiri mukugadzirwa kwemvura.

Yakave mumakumi masere ezana remakore ekupedzisira muJapan mune zvigungwa zvemahombekidzi mairi aishanda mazana matatu evanhu, vachibudisa mamiriyoni emata ehove gore negore. MuChina, mazana maviri evanhu zviuru zvakashanda mumunda wemvura, uyo akakura masere mazana masere emidziyo yakakosha.

Maererano nehuwandu hwezvigadzirwa zvehupfumi hwekurima kwezvinhu zvezvipenyu zvakagadzirirwa kugara mumvura (hydrobionts), zvakasiyana. MuNorway, UK, Finland nedzimwe nyika dzakabudirira dzeEurope, uwandu hwekugadzirisa kwehutano hwemabasa hwakakwirira. Bhuku rebasa rakawanda munyika dzeAsia.

Chero zvaiive, zviwanikwa zvegungwa nemafuta zvinokonzera kuramba zvichipfuurira zvikamu masere zvehuwandu hwepasi - vashandi vemagetsi uye vanovimba - nhengo dzemhuri dzavo. Tichifunga nezvekukosha kwekusimudzirwa kwehutungamiri, zvinogona kugumiswa kuti mumakore anotevera kushandiswa kwemvura kucharamba kuripo.