Russian mufurati kubhombiwa (1999)

Russian mufurati kubhombiwa muna 1999 tiri nhevedzano kurwiswa nemagandanga kuti rwaiitwa muMoscow, Buynaksk uye Volgodonsk. Somugumisiro, 307 vanhu vakafa uye vanopfuura 1,700 vakanga akakuvadzwa uye vakatambura nenzira imwe kana mumwe.

Maererano pamutemo shanduro, uyewo zvakazvinakira pakati dzeutongi yeRussian Federation, sangano uye mari kurwiswa uku mugumisiro basa vatungamiriri zvisiri pamutemo mapoka nezvombo inonzi kwechiIslam Institute "Caucasus". MAERERANO nekusimba kuti vaongorori, kuRussia mufurati kubhombiwa vakarayirwa ne Abu Umar uye Amir al-Khattab, nepo vatambi vaiva boka North Caucasian nemauto. Akaita kurwisa pakutanga akagadzirirwa vabudirire zvakawanda kufa vanhu kutyisidzira yevagari mukuru nokuvhiringidzirwa aivapo kuchengeteka hurongwa. Uyezve kurwisa kwakaitwa kuti kuva nezvahunoita sarudzo nezviremera chokuita liquidation migumisiro kurwiswa Dagestan nemauto, kwakaitika mugore iroro.

Kwemakore anoverengeka pashure nezvakaitika koshesa ruzhinji vatambi uye varongi zvaurayiwa kana asungwa nemasimba chaizvo mabasa yechiGeorgian uye Russian masimba. Zvinosuruvarisa, vamwe varongi uye haana kurangwa.

Rakaputika Bunaykske

Russian mufurati kubhombiwa vakatanga Buynaksk guta apo 4 September 1999 akanga Varidza naMweya ane shanu-storey chivako chokugara pa Ul. Levanevskogo (Shihsaidov) №3. Kuputika rakanga raitwa achishandisa rori GAZ-52 womuenzaniso, iyo panguva iyoyo yaiva anopfuura 2,700 makirogiramu pakati zvinoputika zvakagadzirwa Ammonium nitrate uye aruminiyamu upfu. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti nangananga kurwisa haina akasarudzwa randomly. Russian mufurati kubhombiwa vakatanga nemhuri nemauto dzimba.

Migumisiro kwemagandanga kwakatungamirira kuparadzwa maviri dzimba dzokugara, zvichiguma vanhu 64 vakaurayiwa uye 146 vakakuvara. Uyewo aronga kuti kuputika rori žil-130 womuenzaniso wechipiri, asi sezvinei, zvinogona neutralize mukuru chaiye okugadzira rechiuto kusvikira akanga pedo muchipatara pashure maawa anenge maviri pashure kuputika kwokutanga kwakaitika. Naizvozvo neutered rori kwakawanikwa zvinyorwa muzita Isa Zaynutdinova.

Rakaputika muMoscow (musi Guryanov)

Russian mufurati kubhombiwa muna 1999 kuti varambe kurwisa 9-storey chivako chokugara riri Guryanov Street (Moscow), izvo kwakaitika musi waSeptember 8th. Two pamasuo somugumisiro kurwisa dzakanga dzaparadzwa. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti chokwadi chokuti zvichiitika Nokufema kwakaitawo kuti dzakakomba STRUCTURAL deformation imba pedyo.

Maererano pamutemo data, Russian mufurati kubhombiwa muna 1999 musi Guryanov Street kwakakonzera kufa kwevanhu 100, apo vanhu vanenge 690 vakakuvadzwa kunosiyana inosiyana zvakaoma. Bhomba zvakabudiswa zvinoratidza kuti ane anofungidzirwa inokwana 350 makirogiramu ose zvinoputika (mutengo akaratidza TNT rinoenderana), uye panguva kwokutanga kuongororwa kuitwa nokukurumidza, vakanga vawana tudonhwe RDX uye TNT. Mazuva mashoma gare gare chisarudzo chakaitwa kuparadza chose imba nounyanzvi mauto bhomba, apo imba vanogara vakayerera nezvimwe zvivako.

Kudanidzira rokutanga

Papera chinguva, munhu kufona yakaitwa kuti wedzero revatungamiriri inoshandiswa "Interfax", iro aifanira pachena ruzivo pamusoro ndedzipi mufurati kubhombiwa muna September muRussia. Murume akataura aine zvakasimba iziviswe Caucasian madudziro emazwi uye akatanga pachake chete sezvo nhengo "Confederation of kusunungurwa Dagestan". Akati kuti mufurati kubhombiwa kuRussia (muMoscow zvikurukuru) vari chiito kutsiva nokuda chokwadi chokuti Russian Federation yave kuita vemauto akavhiyiwa kwakaitika musi munharaunda Dagestan. Pazuva iroro ose nhau migero kwakaratidzwa identikit Mukhit Laypanova uyo vakahaya pauriri kweimba apo kuputika kwakaitika pakutanga. September 13 rakanga pamutemo kuzoitwa zuva zvokuchema vakafa vanhu vari Kuputika maviri.

rwokutsvakurudza basa

Kamwe kurwiswa kwakaitika musi Guryanov Street, dunhu yose Moscow akatanga vanoshingaira kutarisa zvose nonresidential. Special hanya anopiwa basa Dmitriya Kuzovogo, uyo akasarudza zvakasimba kuongorora imba musi Kashirskoye, №3. Chivako ichi chaimbova fenicha chitoro, muridzi webasa-murume ainzi Muhit Laypanov, akati kuti ndipo akaisa shuga yokuchengetera. In weboka divisional chitoro rokuongorora handina kuwana vakawanda Masaga vakazadzwa shuga, asi haana kunyange kuziva kuti yakadai chokufukidzisa magandanga anoshandisa kuvanza zvinoputika. Rakanga chete gare gare, September 12, ruwa kamwe zvakare akauya kumba apiwa kuzviongorora, asi akawana musuo chete namahwindo chitoro, kutsemuka kuti haangambovi. September 13 kwakava pakuputika simba.

kuputika Kashirskoye

Kana paiva Kuputika mukamuri dzimba Russia Kashirskoye, imba umo maiva fenicha chitoro, yakaparadzwa zvachose, uye akapotsa vose varimi vakanga varimo panguva (vanhu 124) akanga afa. vanhu 7 chete vakakuvadzwa kunosiyana inosiyana zvakaoma. kuputika simba panguva ino yakanga makirogiramu 300 (kukosha akaratidza TNT).

Boris Yeltsin, uyo panguva iyoyo purezidhendi weRussia, kukurumidza akadana kuna Moscow Mayor Yuri Luzhkov uye akamurayira kuti aite zvizere Ongororo dzimba muguta rose masikati. Aita chechipiri kuputika utikitivha vakatorwa zvachose kusingaenzaniswi kuchengeteka matanho kwete chete muguta guru asi mamwe maguta Russia uye nyika yacho pedyo kunze. Zvikurukuru, rakanga rakataku- zvizere cheki yacho siyana wedzimba uye attics, uye vagari vazhinji mufurati dzimba kwemwedzi mishoma vaiita vaingoerekana kunhivi wachi achifamba-famba nharaunda.

Wokutanga Zvakabuda kuferefeta

September 13 muridzi weimwe kambani Real Estate, akaona identikit Laypanova akadzidza yeGmail.END_STRONG uyo akafunga kuvabvisa kuti kuchengetedza nzvimbo. Chivako chacho kurenda pana Borisov Prudy, 14, apo yakanga yabhadharwa bhesimendi, saka kuti muzvinabhizimisi akaedza nekukurumidza kuti vaudze FSB. Zvadaro, rinofanira kuitwa nokukurumidza rokuongorora meimba dzave kuitwa Vezvemitemo. Nokuda kuwana mabhegi 50 akazara zvinoputika, zvachose uremu matani 2.5. On zvikwama rakavambwa 6 chiite timer. Naizvozvo, zvakanga vakawana kuti chaizvoizvo Mukhit Laipanov akafa muna February 1999, apo iri kushingaira kushandiswa mapepa Achemez Gochijaev.

Gracious Basayev akabva angoramba nezvaanazvo chero sakaramendi kusvika kunopfuurira nemagandanga mabasa, apo mumwe mutungamiri Mujahideen anonzi Khattab akati kuti kubvira panguva iyoyo, anenge achirwa kwete chete neuto wokuRussia, asi dzinoshandawo vanhu vose venyika. Uyewo kucherechedza ndechokuti mutungamiri Islamist yakakura sangano "Vanotsigira Sharia" nezita Abu Hamza al-Masri, September 14 akasarudza kutumira wedzero kuhofisi pepanhau "Al-Hayat" yepamutemo okuti kuti rinonyatsotsigirawo Russian mufurati kubhombiwa. Zvakatora nzvimbo September 13, 1999 uye September 4 mabasa anokosha ugandanga iyo, akati, tiri "chinhu Islamic nzvimbo Russian nekuti mauto avo vanogumurwa panguva rehurumende nevanhu vanogara munharaunda Dagestan uye muBosnia, muChechnya. Russian vaiita akadaro tsotsi mutemo pamusoro pamakore, ukuwo vamwe nyika ingori bofu ziso rose zvaizvidzwa ose vaMuslim. " Aya ndiwo mashoko Abu Hamza al-Masri.

The rakaputika Volgodonsk

About mapfumbamwe rakamiswa Oktyabrskoe Highway 35, September 16, kuputika kwakaitika GAZ-53 rori. Mushure kurwisa zvose zvakarurama vakarangarira kuti kwemakumi emakore akawanda, mugore chii kwaiva kuputika mukamuri dzimba Russia, kunyange zvazvo yakanga isisiri saka pamwero mukuru nemagandanga, sezvinoita yapfuura vaya. Zvadaro, Kuongororwa zvakapwanyika kuwanikwa vanhu 18 vakaurayiwa, uye rimwezve munhu akafa muchipatara. vanhu 89 vakanga muchipatara kukuvara kunosiyana nekuomarara.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti muridzi rori raiva Abbaskuli Iskander oğlu Iskenderov, uyo akadzinga motokari kunzvimbo kuputika. Maererano naye, vatatu kuvaRungu kutenga motokari yake, akatakudza nayo zvichipomerwa matapiri ndokumubvunza kutyaira kunzvimbo ino, uye chete chishamiso akapona, akaenda kumba kuti vadziyirwe, uye regai kuramba pabasa ipapo usiku.

tsvangurudza zvakawanikwa

Maererano nemigumisiro kuferefeta kwakati kwatemwa kuti, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, kuRussia mufurati kubhombiwa kwakaitika muna 1999 akumbirwa vatungamiri ane boka zvisiri pamutemo zvombo rinonzi kwechiIslam Institute "Caucasus". Vaiva Aruba uye ishe Umar al-Khattab. Chinangwa chepakutanga pamusoro kurwiswa - achivimbisa hombe kurasikirwa upenyu, kuitira kuti vabudirire kutyorwa paruzhinji kuchengeteka, uyewo kutyisidzira vemo.

The chikuru simba muzvikwata zvisina tsarukano nemauto avo vakarwisa Dagestan, paiva varwi siyana uye vanodzima dzimwe nyika, vose vaiva nhengo "kwechiIslam International Brigade", iro rine zvakananga nezvichaitika "Al-Qaeda". Zvinokosha kucherechedza ndechokuti mufurati kubhombiwa muna September (1999) muna Russia vakanga akatonga zvakananga kubva mumusasa kudzidzisa Khattab, yaiva muBosnia, muChechnya. Panyaya iyi, kuferefeta akawana kuti Khattab akanga pedyo pamwe chinozivikanwa kuti dziti gandanga Osama remarara Laden, uyo, mukuwedzera, rakavhuvhuta pakuvaka US nevamiririri venyika muTanzania kuKenya muna 1998, uye akaitawo nemagandanga musi "Twin Towers "kwakaitika muna 2001, 11 September.

Artists

Kuti aite mabasa ose ugandanga, Abu Umar al-Khattab uye akashandisa kuminamato "Muslim vanhu №3». Mumwe sachigaro aiva Achimez Gochijaev uyo wakarongwa uye akatungamirira commando boka. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kusvikira 1997 Gochijaev anotora chaizvo bhizimisi raibudirira muMoscow, asi muna 1997 yakatakura kure pfungwa Wahhabism. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, akadzokera ake chizvarwa Karachaevsk, uye akatanga kudzidziswa ari kushandiswa mumusasa Khattab akadana "Caucasus". A chisarudzo yakatungamirira oparesheni rinofanira Gochijaev chakagamuchirwa pamusoro nhandare kuti aiva kurwa unyanzvi yakanaka kwazvo, uye panguva imwecheteyo aiziva munharaunda Moscow.

Panguva 2011 koshesa ruzhinji magandanga vakaurayiwa kana kusungwa. To musi, chete Achemez Gochijaev asina kuwanikwa uye ari yeUnited uye dzakawanda dzaida pasi.

Special Kovalev Commission

On kuvafarira, izvo inotsigirwa Boris Berezovsky (panguva iyoyo nhengo yebato "Liberal Russia"), akanga akamisa kushandiswa komiti, ane chinangwa chikuru chaiva hwakadzama feya kwemagandanga kwakaitika Volgodonsk uye Moscow muna 1999. The State Duma Mutevedzeri Sergei Kovalev akasarudzwa sezvo mukuru komisheni.

Pane imwe yepurogiramu yacho Commission pedyo Center of Public Relations of FSB mashoko yakaitwa pamusoro ndechokuti kuchengeteka basa haasi kuenda kuita kushambadza dubious kutaurwa uye vanobatana navo chero gakava.

Muna 2003, kodzero dzevanhu nemumiriri Lev Levinson, uyo aiva munyori chomurayiro Kovalev akati kuti chaizvoizvo shanduro nezvokupindira of FSB chokuti kwaiva kuputika mukamuri dzimba muRussia (1999, mufananidzo - pamusoro), chinotonyanya dubious kupfuura shanduro kuvapo vanonzi "Chechen zvisaririra" iri inorondedzerwa zviitiko. Akataura kuti Ruzhinji rwakapindura mhedziso Litvinenko Felshtinsky anotsanangura chete ari oga zvekungofungira, izvo dzimwe nguva akasununguka chaizvo.

Levinson akati Commission pakutanga haana nechinangwa pakuitisa chiriporipocho kuferefeta, sezvo kare zvaiva pakarepo pachena kuti iye havazobvumirwi mvumo anodikamwa zvokuvakisa ari tsotsi mhosva, uye mubasa private kuongorora haana pasi simba, uye ichi haana njere.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti pane vazhinji kurongwa mazano kuti sei uye vane chirongwa chiri kuwedzera dzinogarwa zvivako September 1999 muRussia, asi mune Ruzhinji rwakapindura kacho ndiye mukuru shanduro yakanga yakawanda chikonzero kuonekwa musoro. Zvinonzi zvakare vachishingaira urimowo munyaya iyi, Boris Berezovsky, asi nezviito ake ose, maererano Ruzhinji rwakapindura nyanzvi, yakanga yakawanda achifunga kusarura Putin uye utungamiriri hwake hwose.