Soviet cosmonaut uye musayendisiti Valentin Lebedev Biography

Pasi - tsanga jecha kufananidzwa dzinozviitikira simba wezvose. Kuverengwa nyeredzi namasumbu, mapuraneti inoshamisa, ngozi matema makomba - zvechigarire vagere panyika, mashoko izvo dzinokanganisa kuti earthlings. Space uye zvose zvine chokuita nayo, kwemazana emakore akakwezva uye manyawi kuziva pfungwa. Zvidzidzo nokutsvakurudza mugumisiro kwave ruzivo guru iri huru uye zvachose navatorwa nyika kwatiri. Chokwadi, munzvimbo iyi kukura vari kunze dzose sezvinobvira kudzidza mitemo pezvakasikwa nokusingaperi. Vanhu vakatsaurira upenyu hwavo basa iri, Chokwadi, akakodzera kuremekedzwa. It nyanzvi, cosmologists, astrophysicists uye muchadenga kunoongorora.

Moscow pauduku

Lebedev Valentin Vitalevich - Soviet cosmonaut, miteva, purofesa uye tenzi mitambo. Uyu murume vakashumira nokutendeka kufanira chikonzero nzvimbo tsvakurudzo, saka zvakasimba midzi munhoroondo yenyika nzvimbo. World Register basa nhamba 70, uye maererano okuverengwa Soviet - nhamba 29. Valentin Lebedev panguva yake basa akaita voos maviri mhiri Earth kamwe uye kwenguva yakareba (maawa anopfuura maviri), akabuda mune noruvazhe.

Future asitironati akaberekwa muMoscow. rekuberekwa kwake anozivikanwa: April 14, 1942. Akarerwa ari mumhuri yevanhuwo zvavo. mai vake - Antonina Fedorovna - aishanda zveakaunzi uye baba vake - Vitaly Vladimirovich - akasarudza rechiuto basa. Zvichida, chisarudzo Mukomana kusarudza uyu akashinga basa rakanga kufurirwa majini ababa vake. Valentin Lebedev akadzidza mu Naro-Fominsk chesekondari nhamba 4, kwaakanga kudzidza muna 1959. Panguva ino, jaya yakasarudza pamusoro inofamba Vector uye zvavanokoshesa muupenyu uye Akasarudza nzira mutyairi.

Long inoenda muchadenga: kutanga

Orenburg Aviation School - iri vanoziva kusarudza muchadenga kunoongorora ramangwana. Education pane akabvumira mukomana kumisa roga mune pfungwa yacho yakarurama nzira akasarudzwa. Zvinosuruvarisa mumazuva iwayo zvaida nzvimbo nokubatanidzwazve uye rutapudzo of Armed Forces of USSR, saka kakawanda kuchinja zvakaitika munzvimbo iyi. Pakupedzisira Aviation School, vakatora nzvimbo Lebedev kudzidzisa emauto akadzingwa mabasa. Valentine asarudza kwete kushandura hope uye vakapinda Moscow Aviation Institute panguva rorusununguko ndege. Asi kudzidza haana kungogumira jaya, uye zvakafanana vakatanga kuva zvakaoma mabhizimisi ndege zvakanaka. Iye nendege zvakadai mano sezvo Yak-18, IL-29 akasangana MI-1. Uye kutange pokumuka gliders (Kai-12). Saka, Valentin Lebedev akanzwa simba esimbi ndege, kuti akavakunda.

Shanda panguva Central Design Bureau

Vachiri mudzidzi panguva Moscow Aviation Institute ainzi pashure S. Ordzhonikidze mukomana pasi fomu kubvuma kuti cosmonaut. Uye muna 1963, akagamuchira dzinoenda of Institute of Party yebazi. Zvinoita Zvinoshamisa, asi munguva Soviet, zvakanga zvisingaiti pasina rutsigiro kwakadaro kuva kodzera kushanda masangano zvakakomba. Ndapedza kubva akatanga, Valentin Lebedev akawana mvumo kushanda muna Central Design Bureau. Sangano iri ipapo vanotungamirirwa neMweya kunozivikanwa S. P. Korolov. Gare gare, muna 1979, tsika yacho zita rokuti uye pakuzivikanwa se NPO "puhti". In sangano iri, Valentin Lebedev, ane Biography akaita ayo mutsindo dzokai, chabva zvavo injiniya kune mukuru mutsvakurudzi.

Muna 1967, mumwe musayendisiti munyaya nzendo dziri Indian Ocean, vakarongwa kuti kuwana unmanned chitundumusere-musere "Zond", kushandiswa mishoni kumwedzi. Gore rakatevera, zvakare mu India injiniya akatungamirira boka nyanzvi, waimira "Zond-5" - nzvimbo yemapurisa kuti muchadenga mwedzi wokutanga kupa yepamusoro mifananidzo earthlings kuti Satellite yedu.

Lebedev Valentin Anatolevich kunyatsotevera vanobatanidza mabasa ayo pezvakasikwa uye kuitika munzvimbo iyi. Izvi zvinoratidzwa mamwe kwawakabva pamusoro Biography yake:

• Kuvandudzwa kuidzwa nzira yoruponeso nokuda nzvimbo zvokuchenesa achiwana pamusoro mvura uye nenyika.
• Aiitawo ndege miedzo ngarava yakadaro "Progress", "Union" pamusoro orbital chechitima "Salyut" (wechina rechitanhatu).
• Iye aishanda cosmodrome "Baikonur" musoro boka kushanda-rwokugadzira.
• Aiva murayiridzi uye murayiridzi muna Cosmonaut Training Center, apo yakadzidziswa vashandi "Soyuz" (4-9) kubhururuka.
• Kunotangwa mapepa Maitiro Chinyorwa pokusvika uye rendezvous, uyewo kudzora ngarava uye orbital yemapurisa.

Flight gadziriro

Ndawana anodiwa ruzivo, kuita mabasa akasiyana zvakadaro, Valentin Lebedev akasvika pedyo chinangwa. Muna 1969, anokudzwa injiniya akamuka kuwana dzidzo chaiyo. Hwake hunoshamisa Home wezvokurapa bhodhi pashure nokungwarira uye kwazvo kuongorora yemberi asitironati. Izvi zvakaitika mukati mamasvingo sangano yairemekedzwa, yainzi Institute of anorapa achishandisa mitemo Problems. Maererano chiitiko chinokosha ichi muupenyu Lebedev, aifanira kukanganisa zvidzidzo zvavo chikoro yokuedzwa vezvikepe. Munguva yokudzidza aifanira mukudzidzire piloting murwi "third-15" uye "third-21".

Pashure ndichibvunza kugadzirira muchadenga ndege (chero negadziriro yeparutivi) Valentin V. akaratidza nemigumisiro yakanaka kuitira kuti zvakakwana akanga akanyorwa pasi rakarira.

Wokutanga nzvimbo rwendo Lebedev

Tanga ndege kwakaitika muna 1973, munguva yechando (December 18). Valentin Lebedev aiva "Soyuz-13" spaceship vashandi sezvo nendege injiniya. Ake kudanwa chiratidzo - "Kavkaz-2." The ndege yaiva pfupi-akararama - anenge 7 days, asi aiva kukosha kukuru nesayenzi. Chokwadi kuti chikepe nzvimbo yakanga vakapakata gadziriro itsva materesikopu zviri zvizivikanwe "Orion-2", Vongai kwakarongeka basa azvino michina uye mainjiniya nyanzvi dzakatanga inokosha astrophysical akataura pamusoro ultraviolet chakarondedzera iri Vacuum.

Makore maviri gare gare, pashure ake ndege yokutanga Lebedev akadzivirira chinyorwa rake vashandi vemo kudzidzisa uchishandisa kurovedzwa kumira uye Instructional nzira kuti pave nayo. nguva yose iyi asitironati anoramba kushanda mu "Energy" NGO. Miteva chinyorwa, sowakajeka akadzivirira naye, anopa vangasimudzira itsva, nani Kutarira kudzidziswa asati kupinda muchadenga. Kunyanya kwaikosha kupfuura chaizvoizvo mamiriro ezvinhu Kuzadziswa dzavo: nyeredzi muchadenga rendezvous nuances pokusvika, nzvimbo makwara.

Flight injiniya chete kudanwa chiratidzo "Elbrus-2"

The ndege yechipiri Lebedev, yakaitirwa 1982 iri nzvimbo yakaoma inonzi "Soyuz T-5" (kunze kwake, kwakanga ngarava yakadaro zibhokisi chikepe "Progress" uye orbital chiteshi "Salyut-7"), akapinda Guinness Book of Records ya vari nzvimbo (vanopfuura 211 mazuva). The kutiza akaburuka munhau kwete chete maererano nguva, asiwo nokuti kuti panguva ino Lebedev vakaperekedza kuedza zhinji uye rakatangwa imwe tsvakurudzo chirongwa yakakura. Sezvineiwo, ichi basa ndege injiniya vasina kuparadzaniswa pamwe kudanwa chiratidzo "Elbrus-2". Munguva kutiza, Lebedev spacewalks akagarako kweanodarika maviri maawa. Somugumisiro, akanga paakavapa pachinzvimbo chevatatu murayiridzi-bvunzo cosmonaut mukirasi yokutanga.

Nenzira, chikamu kunzwisisa orbital yemapurisa "Salyut-7", rakagadzirirwa zvesainzi, zvokurapa uye kwesayenzi kutsvakurudza mune Vacuum, ndiye ichangobva muenzaniso pane dzino.

Kosha kuedza nesayenzi

Panguva yake nzendo mbiri nzvimbo matarenda ndege injiniya akanga vanenge matatu mazana zvakafanira kuedza zviri muminda zvesainzi siyana. Vakawanda vavo vaiva nemamwe. Akayera anoumba chadenga pedyo yemapurisa, yakajekesa vibration yomuropa mukati nzvimbo chidimbu, nzira kugadzirira chena zvoutachiona ivhu. Uye pakupedzisira, kokutanga munhoroondo astronautics muchikepe chitundumusere-musere kukudziridzwa chirimwa inonzi "Arabidopsis", iro kwave kuchiita wakakwana Makuriro kutenderera.

Uyezve, zvakakwanisika kuva nzira zvionera kuzvidzora "Salyut-7" nzvimbo yeredhiyo kuti kuona tectonics uye Geological hurongwa pasi redu. Saka yakapiwa nepanomboratidza umo mirayiridzo zvakafanira kuitisa kutsvaka mafuta, gasi uye polymetallic deposits muna Altai mudunhu.

Mushure kutiza, Valentin Lebedev akaramba kushanda zvakagadzirwa kuhofisi uye mabasa zvesayenzi. Somuenzaniso, muna 1985 imwe injiniya akadzivirira ake doctorate chinyorwa pamusoro methodological zviitiko, kufambisa basa orbital gadziriro uye vawedzere kunyatsoshanda yavo. Basa iri rava kusvika pamwero echimurenga - nayo Valentin V. zvinganaka optimize basa rikarira kubvisira izvozvo zvisingakoshi yokungoitawo, uye akaita zvinhu kuti nzvimbo yacho kupfura michina.

Valentin Lebedev: asitironati dhayari

Kuwedzera mapepa kwesayenzi (193), izvo zvichiri kutora sezvo yavo hwaro vadzidzi kumayunivhesiti akawanda chaizvo dzidziso, Valentin V. akanyora mabhuku. Somuenzaniso, "divi wangu" uye "Materials tsvakurudzo ndege injiniya." Asi mabasa aya vakasikwa kushandisa zvinhu zviri kunozivikanwa "Diary ane asitironati." Kusiyana zvinyorwa kuti havana kuti bhuku, asi kungoti kuratidza manzwiro avo uye manzwiro papepa. Kwete anoteerera manyorerwo, iyo asitironati akatsanangura mazuva asati kutanga, panguva, uye ari muchikepe yemapurisa. mhiko Chinokosha yakapiwa Lebedev pachake chete pamberi kutiza. Mairi, akavimbisa asina kukurova, kwete chakagumbura shamwari kuti mutoro wavo zvisarudzo kupiwa zvizere mashandiro.

Chokwadi, pane imwe nzvimbo iri dhayari, uye manzwiro kuti asitironati aifanira mhuri, amai. Pakati pemitsara pane kunetseka nokuda mhuri uye nyika. Uyewo mune zvakanyorwa zvinosanganisira mashoko pamusoro mumuviri chinetso kuchinja extraterrestrial ezvinhu: kushaya hope, kuda kurutsa, kuramba nomusoro. Paiva yaivhuvhuta mupfungwa zvinhu - zvakanga zvakaoma kuumba kwaaita naye nokuda pamusaka kunetseka.

"Diary Pepa asitironati" kutanga anosimudza kwechidzitiro uye unoratidza muupenyu vanhu ava, avo nemanzwiro. Zvinyorwa izvi zviri anorayiridza chaizvo wevanoda mabasa muchadenga.

Awards vakawana magamba

Mutsindo cosmonaut Lebedev Valentin Vitalevich vakabatsira zvinooneka pazvakaringana, astrophysical, kufamba uye Geological kuongorora. Uyu murume zvirokwazvo akatsaurira upenyu hwake kuna nesayenzi, asingagoni kubatsira asi yakahwina vakawanda mibayiro uye insignia. Haana kutsvaka kuva kukurumbire, asi chete yepamusoro uye nomweya basa rake. Somuenzaniso, kunyange zvazvo ari pazororo, Valentin V. asingagoni kuva pasina basa - pamwe nevadzidzi vake, akaenda kubatsira pakuvaka kunozivikanwa kuti Bam, nokuti yaakanga apiwa mumwe mubairo - ". Nokuti kuvakwa IRR" ari menduru Mukuwedzera, asitironati akanga paakavapa zvinotevera okuremekedza uye zvinoratidza musiyano:

• "Hero of Soviet Union" (ruviri).
• IV dhigirii Order "Nokuti munorumbidzirweiko".
• Order of Lenin (mibayiro maviri).
• "Nokuti dhigirii ari ubanguranyika nzvimbo" - menduru.
• asitironati French vakagamuchira Order of Legion Kukudzwa.
• Akaremekedza Worker Sayenzi.

Uyezve, sezvo kare ambotaurwa, ake ndege akanga akanyorwa muna Guinness Book of Records, iyo Moscow Cosmonauts mukoto ari bust chekubwinya ndege injiniya, Valentin V. chinhu honorary mugari mumaguta mazhinji Russian, kunyanya Naro-Fominsk. Uye NASA akaita aronga kuti Lebedev honorary mugari wenyika State of Texas kuti rakakura chitange astronautics. Pakupedzisira, mumwe mapuraneti zviduku mazita matarenda musayendisiti - chisarudzo chakaitwa International Astronomical Union.

Little nezvoupenyu hwake pachake

Kana oga Valentina Vitalevicha Lebedeva, zvose akatsiga - nokuti refu akaroorwa mukadzi wakanaka pedyo naye vose mumweya nemashoko unyanzvi (wavawo injiniya). Lyudmila Vitalevna, mudzimai asitironati, pari ari oga mamiriro pamudyandigere. The Vaviri vane mwanakomana akaberekwa muna 1972 - Vitaly V .. Anoshanda ari gweta.

The Vaviri Lebedev vane muzukurukomana uye muzukurusikana Anastasia Demid. Valentin V. uye mhuri yake anogara Moscow.