The Mhando chinokosha ndarama

Gold - mumwe rarest nesimbi panyika kubva kare sechiratidzo upfumi, kubudirira uye yakakwirira munzanga. In periodic table Di Mendeleev iye anonzi Aurum, zvichireva "zvendarama", uye pakati vanhu chinonzi "vanokudzwa". Uye haasi masanga, nekuti nendarama inert simbi, kushanda asingadi kupinda zvemakemikari zvisungo uye kuumba yeimwe itsva - haazvibati akafanana anokudzwa strata munzanga. Kuti simbi inertia kwakakonzera kudhura kwayo uye kudiwa. Zvisinei, pasinei nokuti "ruvengo" kune vamwe zvinhu, masayendisiti vaikwanisa kusika mhando dzakasiyana ndarama, izvo zvino kushandiswa maindasitiri mazhinji, kubva zvishongo uye anopera mudziyo-kugadzira. In yayo yakaisvonaka ezvinhu zviri ikozvino anenge kusangana.

goridhe uchapupu

Zvakasikwa, ndarama hariwaniki muchimiro "kupenya" zvinonyadzisa-grained matombo, uye muchimiro duku specks, jecha remakungwa mukati huru, goridhe inobereka matombo. Dzimwe nguva tsanga zvidiki kuitira kuti vanogona kuonekwa chete uchibatsirwa chinokosha michina.

Asi kunewo zvinokosha, remasangano iyo - "Anodiwa immortalstar" - awanikwa muAustralia, uye ndikamuyerera vanenge 75 makirogiramu. Uye kana ichiitwa goridhe kuchera ari Urals, muenzaniso yairema makirogiramu 35 akawanikwa, yainzi "Triangle guru".

Asi musika goridhe anowana chete pashure multi-yakati okuchenesa. Asi kunyange pashure huchiita yakatsvuka zvinhu rine wayo maumbirwo imwe mari nouipi. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, uye vokutanga kwemarudzi dzendarama zvakasiyana Kuparara - muzana simbi tigutsikane ari chigadzirwa.

goridhe zvakabudiswa hurongwa

Public masangano sezvo reserves goridhe uchishandisa chaiyoiyo mienzaniso simbi iyi. The chikamu zvinhu zviri mazviri 99,999% chete imwe giremu yacho fuma. Asi mureza bhangi vara yairema 1 kg rine 999 magiramu nesimbi. Ndizvo Mari vara yakakamurwa chiuru, unogona kuonekwa pamusoro goridhe Nehunde exchanges zvenyika.

A nzwisa goridhe kunoratidzwa pamusoro chigadzirwa ari muchimiro Chikwata duku, izvo chaizvo chaizvo nhamba. Nyika inoshandisa ivhu mbiri hurongwa:

1. Arşive. Richiparadzirwa munyika Kishi, Europe uye Russia, uchishandisa bhuku sezviverengo.
2. Carat kuiswa iri European Union neUnited States. It kuwanda zvendarama, izvo chakaita kuti 24 kubva chiwanikwa.

The Hurongwa carat nendarama yakaisvonaka muchimiro (chikamu vanopfuura 99.9%) unoenderana mharidzo 24, uye arşive - 999th. Kana pamusoro zvinhu zvendarama imi mamboona tsikisa nhamba "750", kana 18K, chigadzirwa rine 75% yomuchinda simbi. Kushongedza 585 Inonyanya muchadenga post-Soviet. Asi zvikuru yakaderera-unhu Anonzi 9 carat kana 375 mharidzo zvinhu, nokuti vanosanganisira hapana kupfuura 37.5% of goridhe.

"Spectrogram" zvinogadzirwa goridhe

yakaisvonaka dzamutswa chaizvo, ductile uye nyore kufurirwa zvinhu kuti chaizvoizvo "kubvunda kure" uye zvakaoma kuti muchina. To nendarama mbishi mashoko chimiro, zvinonzi akawedzera siyana nesimbi: sirivha, mhangura, cadmium, chromium, Platinum uye nevamwe. Saka, chakasiyana zvegoridhe mhando, kana pane alloys ayo.

Zvichienderana iyo chinhu ari vakawedzera muna feedstock, ndivo ehupfumi zvokunyama chiwanikwa, uyewo yaro ruvara. Mumvuri zvishongo zvegoridhe kunogona zvakasiyana-siyana, vanogona anosiyana kubva yendarama yeyero uye akacheneruka blue kuti rima zvitema, mashava uye kunyange dema. Zvose izvi pakupedzisira anosarudza kukosha zvishongo zvavo aesthetic unhu.

Yellow uye chena nendarama

Yellow goridhe ndicho chinyakare uye zvakakurumbira chiwanikwa munyika. Mariri yomuchinda simbi neimwe nhamba yakawedzerwa sirivha uye mhangura. It anosarudza uwandu nouipi, sei ndarama yakawanda zvishongo pamusika. Kana chikamu sirivha mukuru kupfuura mari yemhangura, zvigadzirwa inotsvedzerera ndimu-mavara. Kana mhangura yakawanda, rinowanika tsvuku mumvuri. Rakajairika zvigadzirwa kutengeswa 585 uye 750. White goridhe ndicho zvinodhura uye akanaka chiwanikwa, riri hazvishamisi. Kuti vawane okuwedzera palladium kana Platinum, ndokusaka chigadzirwa uye kuwana whitish Hue. Kuwedzera ruvara kuchinja uye simba unhu - dzakakwirira. Nokuti chishongo kushandisa chena goridhe 585 uye 750.

Red uye pingi nendarama

Red Gold chiwanikwa wakagadzirirwa nokuwedzera yakawanda mhangura. Mukuwedzera zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvirimo ungasvika 50% of zvachose uremu. Ndokusaka marudzi ose noruvara rutsvuku goridhe vakaderera mutengo. It anotarisa zvakanaka tsvuku anokosha - anovaima uye garnets. For vaaleanpunainen Hue mu alloys nendarira, anowedzerwa kubva 3 kusvika 2 zvikamu zvesirivha. Ruvara anosimbisa kwamachinda. Ndokusaka mashoko aya kwakakurumbira nevakawanda fashoni munyika kuti kugadzira zvishongo nokuda mukurumbira.

Green uye zvitema nendarama

Get munyoro goridhe munzira dzakawanda. Vakawanda vavo - yakadzikama kuwedzera zvesirivha chiwanikwa. Pakatanga simbi iri achinja Hue - zvigadzirwa chakasvibirira, yellow-girini uye akachena chena. Kubva ichi zvinoenderana sei zvikuru ndarama ndewe mutema. Kana chikamu sirivha iri 30%, zvadaro chicherwa itsva - nesirivha. Nokuti zvitema alloys goridhe akawedzera simbi kana cobalt. Muchiitiko chokutanga, kuti Hue zvichisiyana chiedza pfumbu cold rwebhuruu. Kana kuwedzera cobalt chiwanikwa anotanga kuwana yebhuruu tint. Vamwe dzimba fashoni kuzadzisa ndozvinoitawo nokushandisa imwe rhodium unhani. Pano havasi alloys zvose izvo zvaizobatsira kuti siyana zvegoridhe ikoko. mukurumbira chaizvo munyika uye anova dema anokudzwa zvinhu, uyewo ake mashava uye shava kwerima guru.