Vilna dunhu - mumwe mapeji enhau National

Vilna dunhu rine vanhu vanodarika hafu yemiriyoni vanhu, uye suo kamwe yeRussian Empire sezvo yakazvimirira administrative Unit, rava chinhu chekare. Nhasi munharaunda yayo yakakamurwa pakati Belarus uye Lithuania, uye guta guru Vilna, kuchinja zita, rava kuzivikanwa kumativi Vilnius.

Province, inoumbwa chirevo Catherine II

Mushure 1794 yemuna kwakaguma pokukundwa Poles achitungamirirwa Kosciuszko, basa Lithuanian Polish mamiriro akanga pakupedzisira liquidated. Kwapera gore, Russia, Austria uye Prussia akanyorerana chibvumirano, maererano nomumwe wavo vakatamira kubviswa breakaway ndima Commonwealth. Chiito ichi akasvika pakunzi "Third mupanda kwePoland."

Maererano gwaro, Russian Empire yawana nyika iri kumabvazuva Bug uye shoma aitevedzana Grodno - Nemiroff, zvachose nzvimbo imwe zana namakumi maviri nezviviri makiromita dzakaenzana. Kwapera gore, murayiro Empress Catherine II pamusoro pavo Vilna dunhu rakaumbwa, yaiva musimboti weguta Vilna (zvino Vilnius).

Tevera kutendeuka Vilnius dunhu

Kubvira kuumbwa mudunhu yakakamurwa kupinda mumatunhu gumi: Shavelsky, Troki, Rossiensky, Kovno, Vilkomirsky, Braslavsky, Upite, Telshevsky, Ašmiany, Zavileysky uye Vilna. Zvisinei, Paul I, uyo akatora choumambo muna 1796, akatanga kutonga aine nhevedzano administrative uye miganhu kwezvoupfumi kunoparirwa, kunyanya, uye rekuUnited province.

Maererano nechirevo chake December 12, 1796, Vilna dunhu rakabatanidzwa Slonimsky vicegerency, vakatakura pamepu yeRussia mumakore iwayo paiva Lithuanian dunhu, muzinda iyo yakaramba guta Vilnius.

Izvi richangobva kwakatangwa administrative miganhu sangano yakatora makore mashanu chete pashure accession kuti chigaro Alexander I yakakamurwa zvakare kupinda kare Kwairatidza yakazvimirira munharaunda yake. Vaimbove Slonim dunhu vakatsva kubvira kunzi Grodno, uye Vilna kusvikira 1840 rainzi Lithuanian-Vilna.

Last pre-echimurenga redistribution mupurovhinzi

Last nguva Vilna ruwa Russian Empire akashandura chimiro chawo pamepu muna 1843, panguva yaitonga Nicholas I. The mumaruwa nomwe yomumwe wake kwokutanga - Novoaleksandrovsky, Vilkomirsky, Shavelsky, Kovno, Rossiensky, Telshevsky uye Panevezys - vakanga with ari oga nyaya Federation uye akaumba Kovno dunhu.

Saka, saizi yaro yekudyidzana akaderedzwa, uye kusvikira abolition yaro muna 1920 Vilna mudunhu zvaisanganisira Troki, Oshmiany, Sventsiany uye Vilna nemaruwa. Ivo vakanga vabatana Grodno uye Minsk neyenyika kare isiri Disna, Vileyka uye Leeds mumaruwa.

Size uye anoumba chavagari mudunhu

Muna 1897 vakawanda kuverenga yakaitwa muna Russia, migumisiro izvo tikwanise mutongi uyo panguva iyoyo yaigarwa Vilna province. List kuti nzvimbo iri kuita rokuzvidavirira vapenyu anofukidza yose nharaunda yayo kuguma XIX remakore.

Maererano akachengetedzwa data, yose vakawanda yakanga 1.591.308, uyo 52,2% vaiva Belarusians, Lithuanians - 13.7%, vaJudha - 17.1%, Poles - 12.4% Russian, uye 4.7 chete%. Chinonziwo uye nhamba mapoka maererano nechitendero chavo. Zvawanikwa vakawanda vechechi yeRoma - 58,7% vavo vaiva Orthodox - 27.8% vaJudha, paiva vanenge 12.8%. Saka chinhu chakadai kana kutarira okupedzisira emakore ari XIX remakore Vilna province.

Kwamachinda, uyewo rinokosha zvavo vanogara pamusoro munharaunda yayo, haana kubvuma chimurenga uye panguva Civil War, vakatsigira White kufamba, unozviisa pachinzvimbo vavengi nehurumende yeSoviet. Zvisinei, chinokosha kukanganisa nzira munhoroondo vakasagona.

The abolition enyika uye chikamu nharaunda yayo

Muna 1920, pakapera kanga pakati Russia, Belarus uye Ukraine rumwe rutivi, uye Poland, panorumwe, yakanga yakasainwa rugare chibvumirano. Pahwaro gwaro rino, akasaina March 18, 1921 mu Riga, Vilna dunhu vakaguma kuvapo somunhu akazvimirira administrative chikwata.

Wokupedzisira akajekerwa Ini vakanga akamiswa muna October 1939, apo, vachifungawo mafungiro Belarusian hurumende, utungamiriri Soviet Union, guta Vilnius uye Wilno nharaunda zvaiendeswa Lithuania kuti kwemakore gumi nemashanu. chibvumirano ichi zvakare anopa kodzero kupinda mauto zviuru makumi maviri muSoviet munharaunda Lithuania. Kubvira ipapo, achiva guta guru reRepublic of Lithuania, vakazochinja akanga rapinzwa USSR, guta yakachinja zita rayo ekare Vilnius.