Wemagariro evanhu Mutsika

Wemagariro evanhu netsika - ndiye yakazvimirira kuranga paruzhinji hunhu, izvo zvevakomana ane vanoverengeka hunoshamisa yokungotaura, methodological uye mazano matambudziko.

Chokutanga, vatsvakurudzi pachavo anoratidza nechokwadi vhoriyamu huru Dzidziso chirango - "tsika". Zviri zvachose misoro, uye miganhu dzayo avhiringidzwa kuti pfungwa iyi inogona kurondedzerwa se chero nokuratidzwa upenyu paruzhinji. Mukunzwisisa iri nyaya, iro rinoongorora evanhu nemagariro, dzingasiyana zvichienderana kududzirwa rokuti "tsika", dzakasiyana-siyana methodological uye yokungotaura zviito kuti vanosarudzwa kuti zvikuru kudzidza.

Chirango ichi mumwe simba chaizvo dzinoitwa nemagariro zveBhaibheri pamusoro maviri remakore, izvo wakatangwa nyanzvi Max Adler wokumavirira.

Cultural uye munzanga ukama zvakanzwisiswa yose zvayo zvinoriumba nhengo. Maererano L. White tsika dzinofanira kuzokurukurwa ive chinhu zvose zvinobvira evanhu ukama, saka evanhu haangaparadzaniswi kubva mumagariro tsika.

Kudzidza tsika kubva nemaonero wemagariro evanhu zvakakosha kuziva nzira, ichijekesa mabasa kana zvinokosha zvinoriumba, hunoita kuti nokubatanidza nemagariro okunze munyika kuongorora umboo panguva yakasiyana hierarchical mumatunhu, kushandisa nzira sayenzi vose.

Rinonyatsooneka vamiririri evanhu nemagariro, basa rakanga chisarudzo chinokosha methodological uye yokungotaura matambudziko munzvimbo idzi dzaiva Weber uye A. Weber, T. Parsons, Lesli Uayt, Robert Merton, A.Mol nevamwe.

Culture - ndiye zvose muitiro uye chinangwa tsvakurudzo, iyo anobata ari evanhu kuti tsika. Culture chinokosha Qualitative mamiriro munzanga, iyo inozivikanwa nevamwe mumuviri uye mune zvokunamata kukura zviratidzo (kugadzirwa, sainzi, Arts, dzidzo, mitambo, utano, mumagariro kudzivirira vagari, mutemo, zvematongerwo enyika, etc.)

Kuti tinyatsonzwisisa zvose zvinhu izvo chokuita kudzidzwa kuranga matambudziko, tinofanira kunzwisisa kuti chinhu chaicho bazi ruzivo, riri panguva mharadzano maviri nzvimbo: iri evanhu uye tsika. It anotevera kuti vanodzidza nezvemagariro evanhu tsika mifananidzo vakawanda tsika, siyana kuratidza mapatani kwake nemabasa evanhu.

Pane nzira dzakawanda idzo evanhu tsika anoongorora chinhu chacho. Mune rimwe boka vari aibatanidza nzira, iyo zvinoodza kutsanangura netsika statics ayo. Mukati boka iri rinosanganisira mapoka akadai chinhu dzidziso netsika (axiologic) kwokufananidzira rugwaro (semiotic) dzidziso.

Boka rechipiri ine hikes, anorondedzera kuti simba retsika. Vanogona se basa-ukama, uchitamba mutambo, kukurukurirana, kwezvinhu dzidziso. Boka rechitatu unosanganisira pfungwa anonzi kuzviitira (inotaurawo tsika mabasa nhau) uye dyidzana kuti (uye anopindura mubvunzo sei tsika anoronga pacharo).

Vose nedzidziso idzi uye nzira zviripo nekuita mukwanisi mumwe.

Cultural wemagariro evanhu anoidza dzinopikisana dzinokura zvinhu zvinobatsira Genesisi mutsika uye zvizere pamusoro tsika nemaonero kukura kwenzanga. Ita zivo iyi munhu akaturikidzana kunzwisisa uye novimba mumwe zvinhu: mabasa okusika uye nzira ( "Technologies") mabasa evanhu; zvisikwa, Kuchengetedzwa, kuitwa uye kupararira pfungwa, pfungwa uye tsika; Kuongororwa yetsika mananara, etc.

In tsika akapoteredza evanhu kwokudzidza yakatsiga uye unoramba uchiuya siyana ukama vanhu mukati evanhu munharaunda, simba rinomutsa ari zvichiitika nemagariro ukama, zvinopa rairatidza dhigirii okukura evanhu ukama uye netsika mberi kana regression.