Zis-110. The Soviet mutakurwi motokari kirasi

Kirasi motokari chemhando muboka iri zis-110 akasikwa muna 1945. The muchina zvichiitirwa kushumira Kremlin Nomenclature, hurumende uye nevashumiri. Muenzaniso aimiririra munhu anotsigira furemu maumbirwo yakawedzera simba anokwanisa kutsigira dzimwe kurema warrior muviri, sezvo muchina aifanira kusangana inokosha kuchengeteka zvinodiwa.

American "Packard"

Kusvika kukura muenzaniso zis-110, boka mainjiniya vakaedza kufungawo hanya nemafungiro I. V. Stalina kune American motokari muchiso "Packard". The hwaro chirongwa ichi vakatora Packard 180 Pandakatenderera Sedan kusunungurwa muna 1941. Zis-110 Wana zvimwe "Packard", asi anotarisa "American" vose vaigona kudzidza. Rakanga rakumbirwa uye injini - kukwasva "masere". zvimwe zvose zvinoumba nemagungano zvaizoshandiswa epamba kugadzirwa.

muviri chombo

Model zis-110 rava nemusoro kuti vagadziri panguva kukura motokari udzivirire bhandi. Sezvo muchina raifanira warrior, zvakanga zvakakodzera kuzodzosera overenga muviri zvose parameters. Not zvakakwana vakasununguka nzvimbo pamukova, apo bronelisty nepekugara, kudziviswa mahwindo zvigadziriswe. Heavy Akazadzisa denga waida kupfuura simba Pandakatenderera Racks. With dambudziko kuchengetedza Feathering kwakanga mapapiro madiki sezvo mberi uye neshure, Washington uye hunde muvharo bronelisty akabvumira kuvaka kuti Ukobvu 8 millimeters. Akazadzisa shanduro yakanga indekisi "115".

Zis-110. zvinoitwa

Miganhu uye uremu parameters:

• Motokari urefu - 6000 mm;
• kukwirira - 1730 mm;
• upamhi - 1960 mm;
• Pataidzokera kukwirira - 200 mm;
• wheelbase - 3760 mm;
• njanji pamberi - 1520mm;
• rwemberi njanji - 1600 mm;
• uremu - 2575 makirogiramu;
• Mafuta tangi vanokwanisa - 80 litres;
• mafuta kunwa - 23 litres por 100 makiromita mu vasanganiswa nzira.

simba chirimwa

Engine peturu VMS 110 pamwe carburetor jekiseni, yakava parameters:

• configuration - urongwa musara;
• kushanda vhoriyamu - 6005 CC / cm;
• torque - 392 Numbers pa 2000 RPM;
• Nhamba sepombi - 8;
• kunonyanyisa chinzvimbo - 141 litres. a. pa 3600 rev. paminiti;
• mavharuvhu - 16;
• Kurohwa - 108 mm;
• humburumbira dhayamita - 90 mm;
• kutonhora - mvura;
• Recommended mafuta - peturu AI-72.

Kutapukirwa - a-padanho matatu zvokuimba Zvaenderaniswa. Kasira selector mhikuriso iri pamusoro gozvo mbiru kurudyi.

chassis

Wokutanga motokari Soviet pamwe akazvimirira pamberi kuturika akatanga kuva panguva apo basa zis-110 kwakatangwa. Izvi zvisati zvaitika, mienzaniso zvose, zvose mitoro uye mutakurwi, akashongedzerwa pamwe pamberi ekisero pamusoro shizha matsime.

Sezvo "zvegumi rimwe zana uye" akanga zvakangonyuka murayiro hurumende, akava muenzaniso yokutanga yakazvimirira pamberi kuturika. Rotating mashandiro aiva mbambo-mhando pivot, akabatanidza Nokuhonye raiva pedyo nebundu Via ane chinjika traction. The kurudyi pamberi kuturika zviumbu kuizwi chinjwa transverse stabilizer kamwechete.

Rear kuturika - bhiriji maviri ekisero miseve uye mapuraneti differential, kushanda hypoid mafuta. The kuvakwa rose raizosungirirwa pamusoro Semi-rakaita denderedzwa chairo shizha matsime. Hydraulic kuvhunduka absorbers akagadzawo uto mhando, pamwe munhu warrior motokari chiedza, ive motokari warrior vaipiwa uremu. The nyika yose iri zvakasimba kwakabatana danda muchinjikwa-chikamu hachichinji.

gungano

The yose chassis hwaibva riveted waverenga mugero. Nechemberi kurutivi nhengo vakatasva injini. Top akatasva pamatanda muviri mamiriro, ipapo mapapiro, bhoneti, vene muvharo, zvose mukati midziyo uye wokupedzisira kusvikira pamukova. Gungano chakaitwa namaoko, kunyange zvaifungwa kuti motokari iri guru-akabudiswa. Mumwe muchina akaunganidza chikwata vanhu vana, uyo akanga basa nemazvo basa.

mukati

Hurumende VMS pakutanga pamuviri somumiririri hwokusanyara motokari umo unogona kukoka vatorwa vaeni, vamiririri nevamwe vakuru vakuru. Passenger zvigaro azopiwa kutarisirwa. Kuti uzviite chaizvo nyoro uye vakasununguka, nezvifukidzo vakanga makazara yemikokonati masa vhudzi, ane rakaisvonaka chitubu ehupfumi. A mudonzvo cover kuti akatambanudza kubva pamusoro, vari kunzi mune dzakawanda akaturikidzana pamusoro micheka yakatsemurwa eiderdown.

The-seater nomwe URA kumbobvira zvakazara akatakura, kazhinji kuwedzera mutyairi mumotokari vaiva vanhu vaviri kana vatatu. Saka vakakwanisa kuramba pfungwa yakafarikana mukati rurefu azvipire kunyaradzwa. Mugaraji of CPSU aiva nechinzvimbo chinokosha shangu maneja. Kuziva nezvewikendi nzendo - kune yendege kuzosangana nenhume basa Eenhede, - mukuru akatumira motokari zvakanaka kwazvo, kubatsira kwavo kwakanga kupfuura zvakakwana.

In neimwe motokari uriri akanga akafukidzwa nemakapeti zvinodhura - Persian kana Tekin. Zvigaro uye musuo ukomba vari vakagadziridza pamwe yepamusoro velor, dehwe upholstery panguva yakanga isati. Air-kutonhodza haapo, asi kufefetedza mune motokari zis-110 kwainzi zvakakwana kunobudirira. Quietest Fans akazara kabhini mhepo yakachena dzose.

In yechando, vose ducts kushandisa kudziyisa muoti. iri kutonhora mugadziriro tembiricha akanga makumi Celsius, zvakanga zvakakwana kuti vakuchidzire mufambi mupanda. Part of inopisa chiutsi mhepo kuti windshield, kudzivisa fogging. Nokuti nokukurumidza kudziyisa pamusoro womukati nzvimbo mumotokari rinoshandiswawo mafeni, vakanga vadzingwa kupinda kabhini kuburikidza kupisa vent.

dashboard

On emadziro ose sensors zvakafanira uye zviratidzo riri pamberi mutyairi. The chiridzwa Panel ndizvo chiine rinotora chiduku chikamu "Avangard". Muzinda riri speedometer raundi pamwe rectangular chimiro. Arrow ikavhenekerwa nezviedza chitsvuku. Pamusangano nokukurumidza kupfuura 60 makiromita paawa vakapisa mutema, makumi matanhatu kusvika 120 - yellow, uye pane imwe kumhanya dzinopfuura 120 km / h yaisanganisira dzvuku. Rapanzvimbo speedometer vari runotaurwa nhamba pasina zeros. "6" - matanhatu km / h, "10" - zana km / h, "12" - zana nemakumi maviri km / h, uye zvichingodaro.

All sensors kuzvidzora uye zvokuridzira akasaina, asi kwete zvinoratidzwa, kana zviratidzo. Zvayaiva kuruboshwe pamusoro speedometer peturu pamwero paakati muna tangi uye mvura kupisa iri kutonhora mugadziriro. Right aiva ammeter ichiratidza vakaraira bhatiri uye mafuta Safety Switch. Kwakatungamidzwawo akaisa museve mirayiridzo zviratidzi rinovaima chiedza dzvuku, chiedza zvitema (huru danda) uye mitema inoratidza kuvesa iri.

Kurudyi aiva redhiyo mukurukuri riri nechepazasi tuner. Uyezve kurudyi, mhiri mufambi chigaro, zvakanga yakavakwa "gurovhisi bhokisi" - bhokisi zvinhu zviduku. Plate uye puranga namano, mudhiraivho chidhiraivho vari chaiwo dzenzou, ari maitiro akaita zvose rokutanga motokari weSoviet - zis, žil, "Victory", "Volga", "Moskvich".

Munguva USSR, paiva Vanzveri mutakurwi motokari kugadzirwa rimwe, zvinozivikanwa mhando dzose zvidavado. Zvakanga mufashoni kuti ashongedze panze Chrome kana nickel-kuifukidza zvikamu, moldings, decoration edare uye nameplates. Soviet motokari mazambiringa uye nhasi kusiyaniswa nokuwanda ikapenya hunhu.

Izvi zvinonyanya kuoneka GAZ-21 "Volga", umo windshield iri akanyudzwa mukati Chrome puranga makubhiti masendimita mana, uye pamberi grille kuti "whalebone" ndiyo chindori yose pamberi muchina. Other motokari mazambiringa gadzira Soviet uyewo akasiyana zvikuru ripenye okunze.

cabriolet

Muna 1949 fekitari zita Stalin akatanga uremu kweShanduro zis-110 rakavhurika-pamusoro mushanduro miviri - the chaise uye convertible. Cars pasina denga inodiwa kuti pazororo kushanya High Command of Soviet Army panguva vaipemberera muchiuto, uyewo nzendo kunze kweguta nemamiriro okunze akanaka uye nhengo Politburo kwehurumende yeSoviet pamwe vaenzi dzavatorwa.

Model zis-110 "convertible" akatarira chaizvo organically mumigwagwa Moscow, ari Kremlin apo motorcade ose limousines vakafamba kubva inogara Tverskaya Street, vakayambuka Red Square, akaenda Moskvoretsky zambuko uye kutevera nhungamiro Big Ordynka. Convertible retractable denga aiva dzakapfavirira dema nematende, izvo pachishandiswa wemagetsi ngarurege kunoita kunze chinokosha niches uye nokuisa motokari iri chiitiko mamiriro okunze akaipa.

Uyezve convertibles yakabereka ngoro, izvo vasina rwemberi musuo mahwindo. Michina iyi zvaishandiswa achinyora Kudzivirira Minister, kana akanga ari achimisa musi Red Square musi May 9. Hurumende yakanga matatu garaji chaise zis-110 ndachena-mutema ruvara. motokari mbiri akaenda kwakawanda, uye mumwe waiva wakagadzirira chengetedza nguva dzose. Mumwe mumuchina vakapakata unokosha pakaunda iri pakati kabhini, iyo yakaitirwa kuti gurukota Defence kana ake chinotsiva. Ngoro vanewo retractable denga, asi anenge kumboshandisa.

Repair nokuchengetedza

Executive motokari zis-110 ndiye ruoko-vakaungana uye vakapfuura misoro bvunzo uye ipapo vakatevera gospriemka. Naizvozvo, hapana zvekushandisa nezvikanganiso, kukundikana, injini kukundikana uye nedzimwe nzira kunge dzakaonekwa. nokushanda muchina ane low-kukura, mumwe VMS nokuti gore kwakaitika anopfuura zviuru gumi makiromita. Kamwe mumakore maviri akanyorwa kure motokari, asi hapana akapinda private maoko - nomumwe zvarinoroora hurumende limousines havabvumirwi.

Service kuitwa nguva dzose, kuti zvekushandisa mepu, specialized muna Kremlin okudhindira. Kana zvakakodzera, kugadzira motokari apinda Diagnostics muzinda, uye ipapo - kuti chitoro Profile nokupora. Zis-110 kupembedza zvikamu "vakagamuchira" zvakasimba somugumisiro neunyanzvi, asi kusava kwavo kumbobvira zvaitika.

mari

Kuvaka imwe motokari vakakwanisa mune kumativi Nemutengo, zis-110 aiva mumwe kupfuura zvinodhura vanovengwa Soviet motokari indasitiri. Asi sezvo muchina akaberekwa nokuda nomenklatura vakuru, ipapo kutaura pamusoro mutengo kumbova. The mari dzinounzwa yakakwana akawanda uye nguva dzose pamusoro nguva.

Nhasi, ari zis-110 haiwanzowaniki motokari, ukoshi hwayo somunhu zvekushandisa mudziyo, unogona kuva pasi, asi nhoroondo muchina pave denga-soro zvechokwadi mitengo. Chero muunganidzwa motokari vekare kunogona yakashongedzwa wokuenzanisira ichi kusunungurwa mashanu remakore rapfuura. Zis-110, mutengo izvo zvichisiyana 185 zviuru hafu yemiriyoni emadhora, ndiko kunobatsira inivhesitimendi. Mari muchina haazombofi kuwira pazasi aripo muganhu, chete rinogona kumukazve. Ndizvo mamiriro kumusika yokuunganidza Soviet akagadzirwa motokari.

okunatsiridza

shanduro nhanhatu siyana akabudiswa munguva pagadzirwe muenzaniso zis-110:

• 110A - chigaro chinotakurwa zvashata rubatsiro pakurapwa;
• 110B - motokari ine muviri "phaeton";
• 110V - convertible pamwe musasa;
• 110P - nemavhiri nadzurudzo experimental patani;
• 110SH - kuzvidzora motokari, mudonzvo;
• Zis-115 - warrior.