Zvenyukireya yefizikisi: kupupura iro remangwana!

Pakati sayenzi nezvokuva hukuru nechinzvimbo chikuru inokosha, Chokwadi, ndohwavo wefizikisi. Takapoteredzwa miviri yenyama nesu kumativi kuitika mumuviri mananara, uye isu pachedu tiri chikamu ichi zvisingaperi muitiro. The pakawanda womunda ichi zivo zvakaoma kuona, sezvo zvakaoma kutaridzwa miganhu nokuparadzirwa kwayo. Anenge kurarama zvose uye vasiri kurarama nyaya zvinogona kutsanangurwa mitemo yayo, uye zvinoshamisa. Asi, zvichida, vakawanda zvakavanzika uye zvakawanwa hwakazara wefizikisi yenyukireya.

Nhoroondo chidzoke uye yakananga basa

Ndiani aiva yefizikisi yenyukireya, chii basa iri? Kuti tipindure mibvunzo yakadaro, zvinokosha kuti wodzokera kare, pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi19 uye rechi20 emakore, kana atomu, uye masayendisiti kwakatemwa yakawanikwa sechivako maatomu musimboti. The zvenyukireya kana mabhomba wefizikisi chaizvo chete - mumwe munzvimbo nesayenzi, iyo inodzidza atomu, ayo mamiriro uye zvivako, renyukireya maitiro, radioactive kuora uye zvakawanda. The mhando yefizikisi zvenyukireya rokutanga, kunyange kuti izwi uchigere kurarama, - musayendisiti French Becquerel. Ndiye, kupfuurira kuedza mukuru rontgen raMwari, vakaona radioactivity somunhu wenyama chinoshamisa. Mamwe yefizikisi inozivikanwa uye mathematicians - akaroorana Curie - tichidzidza, kugamuchira polonium uye Radium. nomupiro chinokosha kudzidza Fani iyi aita Rutherford, kutsanangura kwemakore akawanda kusvika chikuru nzira mumuviri nesayenzi.

Tanga, sezvo vachiti, akavigwa. Uye wokutanga yezana remakore rechi20 akatora nzvimbo pasi pomureza kwokudzidza zvivako kwemaatomu, mabhomba simba, ayo dzinoparadza uye zvakasikwa masimba. The mabhomba neerekitironi, Purotoni Nyuturoni sezvo zvayo chikuru zvinoriumba kunge anokwezvwa ngwariro kwete chete kune yefizikisi, asi mishonga, zvipenyu, mathematicians, vanachiremba, wevanamakanika, izvo zvakaita kuti kwaita maindasitiri matsva uye anoranga chokuita chinoumba nesayenzi. A Physics renyukireya riri zvishoma nezvishoma kuva yakazvimirira bazi, chine zvikamu zvakadai:

• Nyuturoni;
• zvenyukireya siyana;
• zvokutanga nezvimedu;
• Nuclear Spectroscopy uye nevamwe.

Pakupedzisira, kuti kudzidza sei migumisiro nemwaranzi zvakatipoteredza uye kudzora yenyukireya siyana, chii chokuita tsvina zvenyukireya, kuti zvakanaka uye zvisina ngozi ishande renyukireya nesimba zvinomera zvose zvinoridzwa Fusion zvinomera, uye yave "akasika" kupupura yefizikisi -yaderschik.

Basa vanachiremba - kuziva zvikanganiso uye achabvisa mudzi wavo zvinokonzera. Basa kunoda iye ruzivo kwazvo kurira, uye kwazvo yokungotaura uye kurovedzwa. Dzine kugona anosanganisira, kunze chinokosha pfungwa, ruzivo reactor namano, avo mashandiro michina, kukwanisa rokuongorora uye kushanda chaizvo namano uye zvakawanda. Zviri yefizikisi yenyukireya anogumisa kuti, sezvo imwe reactor renyukireya riri kushanda uye zvakatipoteredza njodzi. Akasarudza kutanga kana kumisa Rector, siya basa panguva iyoyo kumhanya kana reboot.

kukura

Nuclear yefizikisi basa iri kudiwa, kunyanya mune ruzivo-nyanyisa maindasitiri dzakadai renyukireya simba chirimwa kushanda mu kwesainzi uye experimental mumarabhoritari, kumayunivhesiti, etc.