Chii chinonzi hijra? A.H. ukoshi nokuti vaMuslim

Islam ndomumwe zvitendero zvenyika, iro rine vateveri vanopfuura bhiriyoni munyika yose. Munyaya ino tichashandisa kubata pamusoro rinokosha chaizvo yokuti dzidziso iyi, kureva tichaedza kupindura mubvunzo kuti hijra.

The tsananguro

Nokuti yakadzika pfungwa Hijra, izvo isu tine nhasi, pane imwe inokosha kukura Islam chikuru. Tiri kutaura kwemahofisi muprofita Muhammad muna Medina kubva yake yaakaberekerwa Mecca. vaitamira Izvi hijra mupfungwa chaiyo reshoko. Nezvose zvimwe nayo, ndiko yedzidziso yezvouMwari.

nyaya

Kuziva chaizvo zvakataurwa Hijra, isu kutsanangura ikozvino muudzame nhoroondo chiitiko ichi. Kuti aite izvi, kutsanya mberi kusvikira pakutanga kwezana remakore rechinomwe BC, muna 609 gore. Yakanga ine kuparidza kwake chizaruro itsva yaMwari mumwe anotaura mutengesi Arabic, chizvarwa Mecca, ainzi Mohammed. Iye anozviti muporofita, akasaina vanoverengeka Biblical manhamba saAbrahamu, Mosesi naJesu. muparidzi chinzvimbo Anoti nguva itsva chitendero uye mutemo mutsva kuti anopa vanhu Wemasimbaose napo. Zvinosuruvarisa zvapedzisira-zuva muporofita, vakawanda vomunyika ake haana zvakazadza pamwe panodana adzore dzemadzibaba mitemo uye vave shoko idzva. Vanhu Most chete kufuratira Zvinotaurwa Muhammad vakasanangurwa vanhu vaMwari, asi paivawo vaya akamubatsira neshamwari dzake nemishonga uye kunyange kuurayiwa. Zvinosuruvarisa kuti muporofita rinokosha nezvavasingadi kwaari vatungamiriri siyana uye vatungamiriri kwenzanga. Upenyu munharaunda vechimoziremu rokutanga chaiva inorema uye zvakaoma ezvinhu akadaro, saka vamwe vavo vakatamira Ethiopia, apo ivo vakabvuma pokugara mutongi wechiKristu. Ichi ndicho chokutanga hijra vaMuslim. Nemamwe mashoko, chii hijra? Uku, kutiza zvakaipa zvakanaka, rugare uye kuchengeteka.

Asi muporofita panguva iyoyo akanga achiri Mecca uye akatambudzwa. Panguva iyoyo mune rimwe guta, ipapo kuzivikanwa Yathrib, akararama marudzi maviri Arab, kurwa pakati pavo. Vaiti navaArabhu chinyakare wechihedheni, asi chinotevera kwavari Yathrib akararama vamiririri chiJudha nechiKristu, saka vakanga vakanzwa kutenda muna Mwari mumwe. Apo mashoko akasvika navo kuti muna Mecca akazviratidza muporofita kutenda iyi navaArabhu, ivo vanofarira. Mukupindura, Muhammad akavatuma guta muparidzi uyo aikwanisa vabvume vanhu vakawanda kusiya vakawanda yemadzibaba uye kupfeka chitendero chitsva - Islam. Paiva dzakawanda zvokuti kunyange vakasarudza kubvunza pamusoro Muhammad kuti akazotamira kuguta uye akava mukuru wehurumende. The Muporofita akabvuma. Resettlement naye Yathrib kwakaitika muna 622, pashure iro guta pakuzivikanwa se Medina. Mohammed akatora nyika uye nokukudzwa kukuru, sezvo mutongi mukuru uye mutungamiriri mutsva vanhu. Ichi chiitiko muupenyu muprofita uye akava Hijra mupfungwa chaiyo reshoko.

misha ukoshi

Asi chii Hijra Muhammad kuti vaMuslim uye nei zvichikosha kuti vakatendeka? Chokwadi kuti yokutama kuna Medina akacherekedza mudariro itsva kwete chete munzvimbo private muupenyu Muprofita asiwo munhoroondo paumbwe chayo chitendero. Pashure pezvose, naye Yathrib akaenda ungano yose vaMuslim pamusoro Mecca, yakanga kare asina uye vaidzvinyirirwa. Zvino, mushure Hijrah, vateveri Islam vava nesimba uye vakawanda. The Islamic Nzanga yave hwakabva imwe kambani dzakafanana mumagakava nokuumbwa uye nesimba mumagariro vomunharaunda. Life pacharo Medina hwachinja zvachose. Kana vanhu vechihedheni chinyakare achinyanya kwakavakirwa dzokumaruwa ukama, zvino ivo vakava shamwari nharaunda kutenda. Mukati Islam vanhu vakapiwa vakaenzana kodzero, zvisinei dzinza, upfumi, mavambo kana munzanga. Nemamwe mashoko, zvachose magariro nemamiriro guta, iro gare gare zvibvire akasiyana kuwedzera Islam munyika. Total Islamization yenyika dzakawanda uye marudzi kuMiddle East, Africa, Asia akatanga kubva Hijra Muhammad muna Medina. Naizvozvo, chiitiko ichi rava mhando chiero munhau yacho Korani chitendero.

External uye zvemukati hijra

Kekutanga pashure kutamira Medina, Muhammad saizvozvo vaifanira kutevera zvose Muslim vaitendeuka. Zvadaro, kana Mecca yakakundwa, kugadzwa ichi kwave ramiswa, asi kubva ipapo akatanga kuparadzira pfungwa yomunyika kwemahofisi. Chii hijra, akaita mukati vanhu mweya? Inzira pfungwa uye upenyu, kana munhu akasiyana chakaipa kuti, maererano nemitemo Islam anonzi chivi. Naizvozvo, nguva dzose muMuslim uye kudzivisa muedzo chivi anoenda mararamiro akarurama, zviri kuonekwa kutoita Hijrah.

The chidzoke vechiIslam karenda

Pashure muprofita afa, kana munharaunda vechimoziremu anotonga Caliph Omar, akamutsa mubvunzo wekarenda kuvandudza, dzakashandisa zvinodiwa nechitendero. Somugumisiro, chiedza chainzi nemijenya pamusoro kufarirwa hwemwedzi karenda. A pokutangira pakarenda mutsva rakazoshandiswa kuona yokutama Muhammad muna Medina. Kubvira ipapo kusvikira panguva ino izvozvo rinopembererwa vechiIslam New Year pamusoro Hijrah.

Zvakakurukurwa karenda vaMuslim

Sezvaiitwa zvetsika karenda, vechiIslam inosanganisira gumi mwedzi chii makanyorwei Koran kunyange. Sezvo nyika ino kunobva Zvinonzi mwedzi, mugore, saka hapana 354 kana 355 mazuva, kwete 365 sezvo ari zuva karenda. Ndeupi romwedzi Hijra angatanga panguva dzakasiyana, pasina nguva bhuku gore. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti vana gumi mwedzi raireva kunorambidzwa uye vari zvikuru kukosha upenyu vatendi. Mukugumisa, zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti making Hijra, kureva New Year maererano nemaverengerwo enguva wechiMuzirimu haisi zororo iri European pfungwa shoko. Vateveri Islam regai kutanga itsva kutenderera. Kwavari, chiitiko ichi, zvisinei, anoshanda nekunyepedzera kuita introspection uye nguva yakanaka kutora wemari uye kuronga ramangwana.