Golgi kunzwisisa

Golgi kunzwisisa sezvayakawanikwa ne Kamillo Goldzhi muna 1898. Chimiro ichi aripo ari cytoplasm kuti dzinenge zvose eukaryotic (yepamusoro zvinenge zvinoriumba) masero, kunyanya secretory masero ari mhuka.

Golgi yakaoma. Mamiriro.

Chimiro ndiwo murwi wemagazini flattened mumasaga membranes. Ndivo vakadanwa matangi. wemagazini iyi Masaga Rinobatanidzwa kwegadziriro vesicles (matema Golgi). ichi- chinoitika nokuumbwa itsva Matangi Fusion vesicles kuti ichatungira kubva endoplasmic reticulum (in pamumbure) kubva kumugumo ukapisa murwi muhomwe. Kubva mumwe kuibvisa kwakakwana uye matema mudutu chete kuguma wemagazini womukati mativi tangi zvakare. Saka pane zvishoma nezvishoma kwebasa Matangi mumakomo kurutivi mukati achibva kuchivanze divi.

The tangi mamiriro kunoitika kuibvisa kwemapurotini vachashayiwawo secretion pamusoro transmembrane mapuroteni pakati plasma Kamudzira mapuroteni pakati lysosomes nevamwe. Ichiibvira nevasori vanokurudzirwa sequentially Tank organelles. Mavari pane wokupedzisira kumbopeta mapuroteni vavo okunatsiridza - phosphorylation uye glycosylation.

Masero Plant vari dzinoratidzwa vanoverengeka nomumwe dictyosomes (ukapisa murwi). In masero nemhuka vanowanzova muzvikochikari akawanda kwakabatana sepombi kana chikuru wemagazini.

Midziyo (kunzwisisa) Golgi rine chikuru zvikamu mana mhiri-Golgi network, Kishi-Golgi midziyo, ari mhiri-Golgi uye Golgi vezvenhau. By mamiriro wanamatira kuti munhu zvenguva mupanda (yoga nharaunda). Iye hunomiririrwa kuunganidza Kamudzira vesicles pakati reitkulumom uye Kishi-Golgi.

The yose midziyo chiri organelle zvikuru polymorphic (multiform). Kunyange panguva dzakasiyana zvokukura sero kuroorwa Golgi kunzwisisa angava akasiyana tarirai.

Siyana midziyo uye asymmetry. Riri pedyo sero musimboti tangi (Kishi-Golgi) ane zvikuru saibva mapurotini. For matangi kuti vari kuda kuramba Kamudzira vesicles - vesicles. In Matangi siyana ane siyana mugari makemikari (CATALYTIC), zvichireva kuti vachibva achikura mapuroteni nguva dzakasiyana kwendangariro.

Golgi yakaoma. Basa.

Zvinangwa sechivako zvinosanganisira zvemakemikari nadzurudzo uye yokufambisa kuti zvinhu vachipinda nayo. Mapuroteni rakapinza muruoko midziyo kubva endoplasmic reticulum ndiye kutanga substrate nokuda enzayemu. Kuuya wevasungwa uye nadzurudzo makemikari ari vesicles zvifambiswe kuti akasarudzwa nzvimbo. Somuenzaniso, izvi zvinogona kuva nzvimbo kuumbwa wotungira itsva. With kutora chikamu cytoplasmic microtubules kuchinjwa kwacho hakusi vanoshingaira.

Golgi midziyo uyewo anoita basa maererano nokuda carbohydrate moieties kuti mapuroteni uye kushandisa dzairamba kwemapurotini izvi pakuvaka membranes uye lysosomes nemasero.

Mune dzimwe algae ari kwetunhu mudziyo maumbirwo cellulosic fibers.

Golgi kunzwisisa mabasa vari zvakasiyana-siyana. Pakati pavo zvinofanira pachena:

1. Sorting, kubviswa, kuunganidza secretory zvigadzirwa.
2. Kuunganidza lipid mamorekuru uye inotungamirwa lipoproteins.
3. Kupera mapuroteni nadzurudzo (posttranslational) akadai glycosylation, sulphation nezvimwe.
4. Paumbwe lysosomes.
5. Kubatanidzwa paumbwe acrosome.
6. The polysaccharide usage kuti paumbwe waxes, glycoproteins, mucilages, matadza, chizvaro zvinhu zviri muchitokisi masvingo miti (pectins, hemicellulose, uye vamwe).
7. Contractile vacuole inotungamirwa iri nyore.
8. Sero ndiro inotungamirwa mu chirimwa masero pashure weboka musimboti.