Industry kwemauto: mifananidzo, kupatsanura, utariri uye zvoupfumi. The chikuru sectors hwenyika

nyika imwe neimwe ine purazi rayo. Zviri nemhaka indasitiri kuti muzadze bhajeti, akaita zvakafanira zvinhu, zvigadzirwa, mbishi zvinhu. The mwero Kugadzirwa nyika zvikuru kunoenderana kunyatsoshanda National upfumi. The yepamusorosoro nayo kunokudziridzwa, zvikuru upfumi zvinogona renyika uye, naizvozvovo, mararamire vemo. Industry-vaitungamirira utariri hwenyika kuti inokosha nhengo. Kazhinji emakambani sokuronga kukosha inotongwa nehurumende.

Pfungwa zvoupfumi sectors

All nemabhizimisi, mafekitari, masangano kuti vari mubasa kugadzirwa mishonga kana mabasa zvakafanana mhando, kuti zvimwe ari indasitiri. Kakawanda, mashoko indasitiri zvekutepfenyura vari kushanda pamwe chete. Vanoshandisa zvavo kugadzirwa nezvinhu, mbishi zvinhu, midziyo nezvimwe maindasitiri. sectors All hwenyika hunogona kukamurwa mapoka maviri. Chokutanga indasitiri mugodhi. Zvinonzi mubasa dzokubudisa zvicherwa nezvimwe mbishi mhando. Uyewo pano zvinosanganisira zvomugungwa uye zvibereko. chikamu chechipiri - kugadzira indasitiri. Izvi mhando iri vaiita kugadzirisa mhando dzose mbishi zvinhu. The chikuru sectors hwenyika - zviri chete indasitiri, zvokurima, kuvaka, nezvifambiso zvinosvika. Ivowo, akakamurwa mamwe Sub-mhando.

Russia pane zveupfumi mapazi

The nyika ine gogonera kugovera chicherwa mari. Ndokusaka Russian bazi upfumi vanoumba maviri makuru zvoupfumi zones: Eastern uye Western. Wokutanga rinobatanidza Siberia, kuFar East uye kunoratidzwa zvikuru reserves mari. Pano riri hunodzorwa yemigodhi indasitiri. Divi rokumadokero haana zvekuvaka kwakadaro chawo. Naizvozvo, kuti bhizimisi zvekutepfenyura dzinowanzotsigi- processing. Munharaunda iyi zvinonzi dzichiitika 2/3 zvose maindasitiri nzvimbo.

Sectors hwenyika. kupatsanura

Zvichienderana chii chinangwa kugadzirwa, maindasitiri, mapoka "A" uye "B". The rokutanga mubasa mukugadzira nzira inoshandiswa, wechipiri - mutengi zvigadzirwa. Uyewo kusiyanisa kugadzirwa uye nonproduction mabhora. Sectors hwenyika kuti inoshandawo kune maindasitiri nemauto :

• indasitiri;
• foni, senga;
• kurima;
• foresitiri;
• kuvaka;
• Eenhede.

Zvese, voruzhinji mabasa vanoumba asiri kugadzirwa bhora:

• utano;
• dzidzo;
• utilities;
• unyanzvi, tsika;
• mari, pensions;
• Science uye t. D.

Gas, mafuta, marasha indasitiri

Mafuta uye simba kunzwisisa nyika - rinokosha chaizvo chokukomborerwa ayo kukura uye upfumi zvinogona. Gas indasitiri zvinosanganisira ubanguranyika negasi minda, ayo kugadzirwa, zvifambiso uye kushandiswa. Kuti pave negasi nekaupenyu chipa. Somuenzaniso, marasha migodhi mari akapfuudza mutengo negasi Kugadzirwa anopfuura 10 nguva. The mafuta indasitiri ari kutsvaka deposits, kugadzirwa uye chokuendesa mafuta. Sezvineiwo zvikaramba negasi. kupfuura dzinodhura ndiyo marasha indasitiri. Stone, shava marasha ari mined mumigodhi. sectors izvi hwenyika zvinoda inokosha mari mubhizimisi, uyewo vakawanda dzevanhu mari.

Electrical simba

Nokuti mafuta uye simba yakaoma uye inosanganisira kugadzirwa nokuparadzirwa magetsi simba. Zvinonzi zvinoberekwa chafariz simba zvinomera, enyukireya uye Hydroelectric simba zvinomera. Heat chiteshi kushandiswa pakugadzira gasi, marasha, peat kana mafuta emotokari. At combustion kupisa ravo simba iri dzikwanise magetsi simba. Pamhenderekedzo hombe zvitunha mvura uchivaka Hydroelectric simba chiteshi. Production Mari magetsi vari kudzika zvikuru. Kana nzvimbo asina nzizi, uye makuru mumatanda peturu, ari kuvakwa simba renyukireya zvirimwa. basa ravo anoshandisa uranium exchange ores. Mafuta kunwa panguva zvakati zvishoma. Chimwe undoubted zvinobatsira - kuchengetedza yakachena. Shoko mutsva simba - geothermal simba miti. Vanoshandisa dzomunyika kupisa enyika (riri pedyo rinoputika).

simbi

Bazi upfumi kunyika dzakawanda (kusanganisira Russia) zvinosanganisira kugadzirwa ferrous uye zvisiri ferrous simbi. Patsanura zvizere kutenderera simbi (simbi, simbi, akakungurutsa) uye nguruve iri risina simbi. Musi nzvimbo ino mhando kunokanganisa Kuwanikwa yakatsvuka zvinhu uye simba. Matavi emari Russia vari mubasa kugadzirwa simbi ndokukungurusira simbi - mumwe vatungamiriri venyika. non-ferrous simbi kugadzira michina ine zvakawanda zvinhu. Chokutanga mined esimbi, ipapo vapfume yavo. Yakabudiswa Kuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe, wakaipa simbi. Kupa zvaidiwa zvivako uye parameters ari kunatswa kushanda rinoitwa. Govera kugadzirwa inorema (nickel, kutungamirira, gaba) uye chiedza (aruminiyamu, titanium) simbi. Simbi inorema nesimbi iri zvinhu-nyanyisa: kugadzirwa imwe tani nesimbi kunoda shoma matani zana esimbi. Most makambani aya dziri pedyo zvinopa mbishi zvinhu.

ouinjiniya

Makambani zvokuimba ouinjiniya anofanira kufunga zvinhu zvinoverengeka: Kuwanikwa yakatsvuka zvinhu uye mutengi, mudonzvo zvikuru vanokwanisa, wakakodzera nezvifambiso uye nzvimbo. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvinotevera zvoupfumi sectors: motokari, motokari-kuvaka maindasitiri, zvikepe, nematarakita anofamba. Uyewo chikamu ichi zvinosanganisira chiridzwa kugadzira, kugadzirwa dzeimba midziyo yemagetsi uye zvemagetsi makombiyuta. The indasitiri iri mubasa zvaAtemisi zvikamu uye zvinoriumba.

Enterprises huni, makemikari Mazinga

Kugadzirwa namatanda indasitiri tinosangana ose zuva. notibhuku ichi, uye midziyo, uye zvakawanda. Timber indasitiri kwemauto vari mubasa muunganidzwa, kubudiswa uye marara huni. Kazhinji mabhizimisi aya dziri munyika chete kwakakura plantings miti. Wood indasitiri manufactures chivakwa zvinoriumba zvakaitwa namatanda, plywood, fenicha. Uyewo, nzvimbo iyi inosanganisira pezimba raichekerwa mapuranga indasitiri. Pulp nebepa indasitiri kuti mapurazi kubereka bepa, makadhibhokisi, pulp, bepa kavha uye zvakawanda. Govera sezvo nebwe indasitiri. Zvinonzi mubasa mukugadzira pamusoro zvokufembedzwa, methanol, hydrolysis kugadzirwa. Chemical indasitiri kunosanganisira kuita fibers, madhayi, mapurasitiki nependi indasitiri. Uyewo kunzwisisa ichi zvinosanganisira pharmacology, kugadzirwa makemikari chakaita zvokugadzirwa zvinhu, mhuri makemikari.

Bazi zvokurima

Agriculture munhu akanaka chinokosha upfumi, chokwadi, inopa vanhu zvokudya. chikamu ichi rakakamurwa mhuka minda uye kurima ose miriwo (michero, miriwo, zviyo, uye maindasitiri zvirimwa, uye zvichingodaro. N.). Agricultural vaburitsi uyo dzinoberekera mhuka - mombe-maberekero (nyama, romukaka erudzi), makwai, yehuku. Kunewo purazi yaikura nguruve, namabhiza, hove, zvipfuwo inobereka mbava-. Beekeeping zvakare mumwe munzvimbo vezvipfuwo.