Istra: zvido, nhoroondo uye chokwadi chinonakidza

Guta reIstra, iro zvitsva zvatichakupai munyaya ino, riri mumasango eMoscow, makiromita makumi mana kumadokero kweguta guru. Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo yekufambisa yedunhu reIstra uye rimwe remakurukota eOrdodox enyika yedu.

Kubva munhau yeguta

Kubva muna 1871 kusvika muna 1930 guta rainzi Ascension. Yakatanga kutaurwa muna 1589. Mumazuva iwayo kwaive neimba yemamende yakapoteredzwa nemisha. Uye gare gare guta rakaonekwa pamadziro aro. Muna 1656, Patriarch Nikon akashanyira nzvimbo idzi . Akasarudza kusika pasi pano "Musha weMoscow wePalestina". Zano rake rakazadzika. Nhoroondo yeguta haina kuparadzaniswa kubva munhoroondo yeNew Jerusalem Jerusalem Monastery, yakatangwa pamusoro pemirairo yababa vedu.

Muna 1781 Voskresensk akagamuchira zvigaro zveguta, uye zvishoma gare gare yakava pakati penharaunda yacho. Vanyori vezvakaitika kare vanobatanidza kukurumidza kwehupfumi hwehupfumi hweguta nekuvakwa kwechitima kune imwe nzvimbo. Zvakaitika pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi20. Mazana gumi emabhizimisi emabhizimisi anoshandiswa pano kutanga kwe1916. Munenge panguva imwecheteyo, Voskresensk yakava tsika yematunhu. MuIstra uye nhasi vateereri vanokukwaziswa nekare kudunhu remitambo yemitambo, iyo yakatanga kuvhura masuo muna 1908. MuVoskresensk kwenguva refu akararama AP Chekhov. Pano pane AI Herzen uye M. Yu Lermontov.

Istra nhasi

Mune makore anotyisa eHondo Guru rePatriotic, hondo dzinotyisa, hondo dzine ropa dzakarwa muIstra. Guta racho raiparadzaniswa zvachose nechiso chenyika. Nhasi iyo inzvimbo yemazuva ano emabhizimusi. Izvo zviitiko zvikuru zveguta racho ndiro bazi reOAO Gazprom, OOO Laktalis Istra, OAO Sokol nevamwe. Asi pakuwedzera, Istra inodanwa nokuda kwezvakaitika kare uye zvigadzirwa zvemaumbirwo. Zviratidzo zveguta zvinozivikanwa kure nemiganhu yayo. Tichakuzivisai kune vamwe vavo.

Istra: kuona nzvimbo. Chii chaungaona?

Pasinei nekuparadzwa kwechisimba kweguta nefascists, dzakawanda zvezvakaitika kare uye zvigadzirwa zvekuvaka zvakachengetedzwa uye zvakadzorerwa mazviri. Chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru kwavari ndeyeNew Jerusalem Monastery.

G. Istra, ane zvido zvake zvinorondedzerwa mune dzakawanda mabhurocha ekutsvaga mabhuku emafambiro, anozivikanwa nokuda kwechimiro ichi chakasiyana. Ndizvo nekushanya kweNew Jerusalem Jerusalem Monastery iyo dzose kutenderera kweguta kazhinji zvinotanga. Yakatangwa muna 1656 naPatricia Nikon. Ichi chimiro chakanaka chikamu chakanyatsorondedzerwa mukuvakwa kwayo kwetemberi yakakurumbira muJerusarema.

Kuvakwa kweKathedral kwakatanga mukati megore ra 1658 uye kwakapedza makore masere, kusvikira Nikon akatumirwa kutapwa. Izvo zvivako zvemuzinda wemamende zvakapedzwa mushure mekufa kwaNikon (kuguma kwezana remakore re XVII). Muna 1919 imba yemamende yakavharwa, uye musamuziyamu yakaiswa munharaunda yayo.

Panguva yehondo ye1941-1945. Nzvimbo yacho yakanga yava kuda kuparadzwa zvachose. Muna 1956, kudzorerwa uye basa rokudzorera rakatanga, iro rinoenderera kusvikira nhasi. Kuendeswa kwechitemberi cheChechi yeRussia Orthodox yakatanga muna 1994, asi iye zvino iripo pamwe chete nenhoroondo uye yakagadzirirwa musamu.

The New Jerusalem Museum

Kune veOrthodox munyika yose, Istra inzvimbo inonakidza chaizvo. Zviratidzo zveguta rino duku zvinokwevera zviuru zvemapirgrim gore roga roga. Mukuwedzera kune zvivako zvechitendero, Museum uye Exhibition Complex "Jerusarema Idzva" rinozivikanwa zvikuru. Yakatangwa muna 1920. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru mumamamamusmu enyika emuMoscow. Mumakokorodzano ake anopfuura 180 mamiriyoni mazviratidzo - zvikwereti zvisingabatsiri zvezvivhisi zvechechi, zvidhori zvekune dzimwe nyika uye zveRussia, zvombo, mapurazi, firimu yakasiyana-siyana kubva munzvimbo dzakanaka dziri pedyo neMoscow, zvisiri zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvakadhindwa, sarudzo isingadikanwi yemifananidzo nemifananidzo yezana remakore rechi20.

Iyo yakaoma yakasiyana-siyana ine nzvimbo yepaki umo matombo ezvigadzirwa zvematanda zvezana remakore rechiXIX anomiririrwa: musha wekumba, meri, chapel. Vatashanyi vanogona kushanyira chivako chokuratidzira, kutasva bhiza. Panharaunda yeimba inochengetedza musumamende, zviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana zvemasangano zvinowanzoitirwa vakuru nevana.

Iye zvino musimamende yakatamira kune imwe imba itsva yakakura ine nzvimbo yezviuru gumi mamita mita. Kunewo makamuri eesayenzi mabhuku, archive, imba yakagadzirirwa musangano, cafe, mabhizimisi ezvokuyeuka.

Pokrovskoe - Rubtsovo Estate

Zviratidzo zveIstria uye zvakapoteredza zvinonakidza kune vatashanyi vakachengetedzwa munyika ino nevatongi vemachinda. Mumwe wavo ndeKokrovskoe-Rubtsovo. Iyi inzvimbo yekare yaive yeimba yakanaka yeNashchokins kubva muna 1616.

Muzana remakore re XVII, chivanze chechidiki chakavakwa pano, muzana remakore rechi18 dombo reKerovskaya dombo rakaonekwa munharaunda yemurume. Icho chivako muenzaniso usinganzwisisi wekuvakwa kwebaroque munzvimbo yeMoscow. Zvizhinji gare gare, temberi yakanga ichivakwa zvakare mumutauro wekare.

Panguva ino, vashanyi vanogona kuona munda wemapurazi nechechi. Mushure meNashchokiny, iyo dzimba yakanga iri yevarume vakuru veGolokhvastov, uye gare gare nemuumbi Maroszov. Zuva reManori rakadzokera kumashure rezana remakore rechi18, apo paine paki yakaisvonaka yekuvakwa kwezvivakwa zvematombo yakavakwa pano. Kusvikira zvino, paki chete nechechi zvakapona.

The Troitskoe Manor

Zvinhu zveIstra (nzvimbo yeMoscow) nhamba yakawanda yemachechi maduku uye temberi dzakakwirira. MuTroitskoye pfuma pane chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa chinoumbwa nemachechi maviri - chetatu dombo uye chetatu yematanda, yakavakwa muna 1675 uye yakatsaurirwa mukukudza Sergius weRadonezh. Pane imwe nzvimbo Troitskoe yaive yeimba yekare yakaisvonaka yeRussia Boborykin. Zvadaro imba yacho yainzi Bobyrevo, pamwe chete nechechi. Nhasi, unogona kuona kumakuva ekare ane mabwe ematombo emakore akapfuura.

Kusvikira ikozvino, Istra pachayo, zviratidzo zvaro zvinokonzera kukakavadzana kwesayenzi. Semuenzaniso, pasinei nehurukuro inozivikanwa yehurumende, masayendisiti anotenda kuti chechi yehuni yakagadzirwa pakutanga kwezana remakore rechigumi nemana. Muchikamu chekutanga chezana remakore rechina chegumi nemana pasi payo pakanga pane nheyo yebwe dhena, mazaruri akazarurirwa, mahwendefa akagadziridzwa akaonekwa pamasuo, uye chechi pachayo yakave yakagadzirirwa zvakanaka.

Munyori wepurojekiti yematombo aiva MN Litvinov. Yakatsveneswa mukukudzwa kweUtatu hweHupenyu-kupa. Chimiro chacho chinoitwa muNeo-Russian (mazita echiRussia).

Istra: zvitsva zvepanyama. Bindu reGetsemane

Paki yakaisvonaka nemakore emakore emiti yemapine uye yemisidhari yomusidhari iri pasi pechikomo chevahedheni. Iye ari chikamu chekuoma kwakaoma "Jerusarema Idzva" uye rakagamuchirwa sekuwedzera kune monastery. Panharaunda yepaki pane mhondi ye Nikon, yechitendero. Mazita avo akweretwa kubva munzvimbo tsvene dzeJerusarema. Zvinonakidza kuti kunyange rukova Istra, rwakakomberedza paki, rakanzizve Jordani.

Chokwadi chinofadza

Muna 1881, wechidiki chiremba AP Chekhov akatanga kudzidzira muguta reVoskresensk. Kumucheto kweguta racho raiva Chikinskaya chipatara, chaitungamirirwa nachiremba akakurumbira PA Arkhangelsky, aive nomukurumbira sechiremba mukuru, uyo vadzidzi vezvoutano uye vanachiremba vaduku vanobva kunyika yose vakauya kuzodzidzira. Akava mudzidzi wake uye Dr. Chekhov.

Munhu wose anoziva kuti Jerusarema ("guta rerugare") riri muIsrael. Asi havasi vose vanoziva kuti ane "namesake" muRussia, pedyo neMoscow. Uye iyi haisi temberi yakazara, iyo ine zita rakafanana, asi inenge yakanyatsoberekwa yekutanga yeIsrael neyo nzvimbo yayo tsvene. M. Yu Lermontov akashanyira muNzvimbo yeMusha yeJerusarema . Yaiva pano iyo nhetembo "In Voskresensk" yakanyorwa.