Kerch Nhare muCrimea - photo uye maitiro

The Crimean kweItari ndiyo inozivikanwa kwete chete nokuda kwayo yakasiyana okunze uye hunhu. Zviri yokuwanda zvinhu kuti vari dzakaoma zvenhau netsika kukosha kuti Russia ano uye kuti vanhu vakanga chikamu Russian Empire. Pakati pevaya - Fort Kerch. Ndezvipi kunoshamisa chokwadi, achiratidza nhoroondo yaro? Ndezvipi zvaunoyeuka evashanyi kushanyira chivako ichi muCrimea?

tsananguro

Kerch kuoma, uyewo dzimwe nguva kunzi dzavarwi Totlebena, riri pana Cape AK-mudariki muna Kerch Strait (vatowanda yakamanikana chikamu chinhu). It yakavakwa remakore rechi19 kubudikidza Russian nhare kudzivirira nyika mugungwa miganhu. Kuvaka zvivako vakatanga pakarepo mushure Crimean War, uye munzira dzakawanda mharuro chirongwa kwakakonzerwa anotambudzika mugumisiro mushandirapamwe Russia.

Pasinei chokuti pasi chibvumirano Chibvumirano Paris, Russia kugona kuva nezvikepe uye masvingo munzvimbo kweGungwa Dema, Alexander II akasarudza kuvaka chivako yaizobatsira kudzivirira panjodzi kubva kweGungwa Dema kuGungwa Azov. Kwenguva refu nhare yakashandiswa kuti igarwe mauto dzokuchengetera. Zvakananga mundima hondo kwakaitika nguva Great Patriotic War. Nhasi kuvaka ndiyo nyaya dzakaitika uye netsika nhaka Russia.

akaita Kerch nhare sei? kumboongorora zvishoma

akaita Kerch nhare sei? Muna 1853, Russia vakabatanawo Crimean War. Nokuda yokushomeka mari vakuru havana kukwanisa kushandisa zvakakodzera papi nokusimbaradza nzira kuti ari Kerch Peninsula. Iri raiva rimwe zvinokonzera kukundikana (zvichienderana nevakariri kuongororwa pakati dzekare) rechiuto kupesana Russia. Naizvozvo, kuti zvinogona kudzivirira of Kerch Strait zvikuru akavimbika, zviremera vakasarudza kuvaka nhare simba. The Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri nzvimbo yaro nzvimbo Cape iri AK-mudariki yave yakasarudzwa.

Muna 1856 paiva nekubatwa remangwana nhare Kerch rokutanga. It chaipiwa na General Kaufman. Construction vakatora Colonel Nat. Muna 1859, basa akabatana yakakurumbira mukuru Engineering Department of Ushumiri Hondo Totleben anozivikanwa fortifier. Zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti chidzoke rutsva Russian nhare muGungwa Dema haasi zvinopesana Chibvumirano Paris, maererano iyo nezviito Russia vakanga zvikuru zvakawanda nhengo nharaunda.

patani mamiriro

Ndezvipi zvinhu basa racho dzinoratidzwa pakuvaka nhare Kerch? Chokutanga, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti Developers vaifunga zvakakodzera kuisa nokusimbaradza kuti muvengi wengarava midziyo pamusuo kuGungwa Azov vaiva pasi kugara bombardment romumhenderekedzo yegungwa atirari. Fort Kerch akaronga kuti vanosimbiswa huru dzavarwi "Totleben" kumaodzanyemba nayo - kuronga Minsk lunette kuchamhembe - Vilna. It vakafunga kuti kuiswa vachiridzira zvinzvimbo wakakombwa vanopfuura 500 pfuti. Senzira vakaronga nekutumirwa kwemauto veboka ravarwi anopfuura zviuru 5 vanhu, pakati pavo -. More pane 1,800 atirari. Zvakanga vaifungidzira kuti nhare Kerch anofanira akashongedzerwa kubata refu kuzvidzivirira chiito.

Implementation nechirongwa

Chirongwa, maererano yakanga akavaka nhare Kerch, akabvumirwa muna 1868. Asi kuvakwa yemauto maviri okutanga kwakatanga wechando 1857. Kuwanda zvinhu wakakombwa yaiva pamusoro pasi, akanga kushoma. Yemauto chokuita kurwa mwero nendima pevhu. Kureba ravo raiva makiromita anoverengeka.

Russian Emperor Alexander II pakutanga akashanyira nzvimbo muna 1861. Shure rokuongorora wakakombwa Kerch chakarairwa, zvichienderana izvo rukudzo nemauto avo paakapiwa basa ravo rokuvaka kuvaka, lunettes akanzwisisa yakanakisisa zita - Minsk uye Vilna hondo. Uyewo, chikuru dzavarwi akanzi rokukudza Totleben.

Vakawanda zvevashanyi ano vanopiwa mubvunzo wakadaro, kuronga kushanyira nhare Kerch: "Chii kuvakwa kwakarurama kuMudzidzisi?". Chaizvoizvo, chokwadi kuti ayo anokosha STRUCTURAL chingaita zita yakakurumbira fortifier, anosarudza zita zvinowanzovapo chinhu, izvo zvinoita se "nhare Totleben". Vaiona mamiriro inowanzonzi kunzi: pachivande nhare Kerch. Chokwadi kuti chikamu chikuru zvivako zvayo, sezvataona kumusoro, ndiye pasi muvhu.

Pakati pezvimwe chinozikamwa nhoroondo chokwadi, tichiratidza mambo kushanyira nhare, ndiye zvinotevera: Colonel Nat kwaitsigirwa kune makuru mukuru. Unogonawo kuona kuti muna 1863 Alexander II, uyo maererano Totleben, vakasarudza kusiya kuvaka dzimwe nhare, uye pachinzvimbo kusimbisa aivapo zvivako. Gare gare Major General Nat akava mukuru apo mukuru mauto aripo munzvimbo eguta Kerch. Totleben Fort akanga chaizvoizvo kugadzirira 1877.

Nzvimbo wakakombwa rakanga hectares anenge 250. Muna 1877, apo kuvaka chivako akatosvika apedza, zvakatanga hondo Russian-wokuTurkey. Kerch nhare yaiva vanokwanisa yagadzirira harnessing panguva hondo, asi tsika iyi hazvina kuitika. With yatanga ruvengo muna Kerch Strait akavaka zvimbambaira. Varwi kubva ravarwi akamirirwa chimiro battleships hweOttoman Empire. Asi kubatana kurwa havana kuva.

Nhoroondo wakakombwa muzana remakore rechi20

Mukutanga ramakumi remakore, nhamba ravarwi nhare kwakawedzera yekudyidzana - kusvika 9 zviuru vanhu .. Zvisinei, muna 1905 izvozvo zvakachinja mamiriro ayo uye akava nenhare-yokuchengetera. Mushure enyika inonyatsozivikanwa zvakaitika 1905 Totleben Fort akava nzvimbo enyika vasungwa muusungwa. Panguva First World War, uyewo nguva kusagadzikana kwezvematongerwe enyika zvichitevera yaifamba 1917 wakakombwa hakusi zvinobatanidzwa somunhu uto jeri. Zvisinei, muna 20s dzokuchengetera yakaiswa pamusoro payo, akatambudzika kuba. unorema venyika zvivako zvakaparadzwa. Mumakore okuma30 nhare kamwe kuva zvakare kushandiswa Army - Red Army uye Navy zvinobatanidzwa kuti kuronga dzokuchengetera ayo.

Nhare WWII

Nhoroondo nhare Kerch ndiyo kunyatsotevera akarondedzera Second World War zviitiko. Saka, muna November 1941, iye akabatwa nemauto German. Panguva hondo nhare yaiva pasi chinoshingaira kubhomba uye kutokonora kubudikidza atirari. Wehrmacht Mauto vaigona kuputsa kwokudzivirira 51 ndipo uye Maritime nemauto, pashure vakaenda uchishandisa nzvimbo mumipata yose Crimean kweItari. Mauto Soviet akatanga shure.

Kushaya murayiro anobudirira zvakafanorongwa kubatwa ne vokuGermany nhare Kerch. Asi mwedzi vakazotanga Kerch-Feodosiya oparesheni, umo vanhu vokuGermany vakadzingwa mundima Kerch Peninsula. Sea anoshongwa pamusoro caliber guru, izvo vakaiswa okuchengetera uye Fortress vaiva kwekanguva panguva dzinoshandiswa mutori, vari kare nhaka mauto eSoviet. Mukuwedzera, pane imwe nguva apo mauto eNazi akabata chivakwa, varwi Red Army akakwanisa kununura kuchikosha yakawanda Matériel, riri munhare, pamusoro Taman.

Muchirimo cha1942, simba mhepo German kunze muhombe kubhomba pakati Kerch. Izvi vakamanikidza murayiro Soviet uchatamisa vezvikwata kuimba yemauto. Mamiriro pamusoro Crimean mberi yakatanga nokuti Red Army haisi nzira yakanakisisa - muna May, vokuGermany vakanga pedyo chaizvo kuguta. Front Command akamanikidzwa atange kubvisa yevashandi uye kubviswa vemauto dzokuchengetera. Muna April 1944, mauto eSoviet aiuya akasunungura Kerch nhare. Pashure pehondo, akatanga zvakare kushandiswa sezvo mauto reserves okuchengetera chivako. Uyewo dzakagara imwe nechirango rechiuto mariri.

Castle nhasi

Pashure pokuwa USSR vemauto dzakabatana yakamira nhare Kerch, yakanga emauto akadzingwa mabasa. Izvi Akaperekedzwa zvakasiyana rinoparadza zviito hondo reserves, akamira panzvimbo. Zvisinei, mukuvamba 2000s, Castle akanga agoiswa Kerch Historical uye Cultural Reserve. Izvi akabvumira vaongorori kutanga basa chokuita uchida kudzidza mamiriro, kuita yokururamisa munharaunda yayo zvombo ukabatwa pano panguva Second World War, kuti nzvimbo dzinoyevedza Tours. Kerch vagari uye vashanyi vaikwanisa kushanyira nzvimbo iyi kunozivikanwa uzivanewo nemamwe nhoroondo yacho.

Vanogona kuona vafambi vanosarudza kushanyira nzvimbo? Kutanga, ivo zvechokwadi kuziva akazvifukidza injiniya pfungwa, pamusoro inovakwa nhare Kerch. Photos Facilities - pazasi.

Chaizvo uye dzakapoteredza nhare zvimwe zvinhu, zvakadai mugero, kureba - pakati sezvakarayirwa 3 km, upamhi - anenge 15 m, udzamu -. About 5 m achava zvinonakidza kuongorora caponiers. On munharaunda kuvakwa pane vakawanda pachivande ndima, dzokuchengetera. Kureba mumwe tunnels yaiva pachivande, inenge 600 m.

Ndezvipi zvimwe zvinoshamisa nzvimbo kusanganisira nhare Kerch? Photos of mugero, inova chikamu kunzwisisa mamiriro, kunoturwa pazasi - iri rakakodzera pakafunuka chinhu anogona kurinda uye vanoyemura navo kwenguva refu.

Zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti vazhinji pevhu hurongwa wakakombwa Kerch haisi zvakazara kuongororwa.

Nhasi nhare Kerch, Totleben Fort uye zvimwe zvinhu zviri chikamu mamiriro zvivako, vane mamiriro zvenhau netsika ukoshi. vashanyi vakawanda aifamba kuCrimea, tsvaka kuuya pano, tora tichiona nzvimbo kubwinya uto Russia. Chii vafambi avo vakashanyira nhare Kerch, Fort Totleben?

mufambi Reviews

Vashanyi, uyo akakwanisa kushanyira nzvimbo idzi, wakafadzwa. Dzavo chaizvo zvose: nhoroondo kare wakakombwa Kerch, pamwero zvivako, unyanzvi mainjiniya chinozoiswa chimwe nechimwe zvikamu kuvakwa mamiriro. vafambi Vakawanda vanobvuma kuti kushanyira nhare yaiva chimwe chezvinhu zvinoshamisa zviitiko panguva rwendo kuCrimea. Zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti nzvimbo dzinoyevedza Tours wakakombwa vanokosheswa kwete vafambi chete, asiwo nyanzvi kubva ushanyi indasitiri. Nzira dzekuziva nadzo yakakodzera kuongororwa hunobuda apo kufarira vanhu munzvimbo iyi, uye zvirongwa zvakawanda zvinoitwa nzvimbo, inosanganisira kushanyira rimwe anokosha nhoroondo nenzvimbo Russia.

How kuenda zvivako?

Chinhu kuti uchafarira kuziva pakutanga kuti vafambi vazhinji kuronga kushanyira nhare Kerch - the Coordonatele meimba. Zvinokwanisika kuenda nokuda chomuruki bhazi №6, chinokambaira kubva chemabhazi. Zvisinei, zvishoma vanofamba netsoka - inenge hafu yeawa. Unogonawo pachigaro chero mabhazi kuti vaimhanya nemusha Geroevskoe muna Kerch. Unogona kushandisa chero. nguva inokosha kuti kure panguva "Nzira Magamba Stalingrad" uye "Sunny". Zvino unofanira kutevera netsoka vakananga Pavlovsk Bay.

Kana munhu kufamba nemotokari, unogona kutyaira panzira huru kuti mumigwagwa Heroes Eltigen Red Hill. Pashure - rwakapetwa pariri uye kuenda munzvimbo Tiritakskoy. Ipapo iwe unofanira kuramba musi Ordzhonikidze Street kuenda DC "Shipwright". Pashure - kutendeukira pana Ulyanov. Zvichava zvakafanira kudzinga Mutsvene Dormition chechi, zvino dzokai pana Zyabreva. Pashure - on seboka mumugwagwa, iyo ichaita kuti nhare Kerch.

Vamwe Kuoma kuenderere mberi nzira kukarukureta kuti vashanyi kuronga kushanyira nhare Kerch: kero zvivako zvisina pamutemo kunyorwa. Huru chinhu, izvo zvinofanira kutungamirirwa - Cape iri AK-mudariki. Zvisinei, mashoko pamusoro Coordonatele kuvakwa anogona kuwanikwa munhoroondo uye Archaeological Museum, riri mu Kerch pa Ul. Sverdlov, 7. chivako ichi unogona kusaina nokuda kushanyirwa wenhare.

Munogonawo - kuenda pavakwe tekisi, izvo zviri anodhura, asi somunhu mutemo, muchiitiko ichi, unogona kuenda kune yemauto pedyo. Zvinoitika kuti tourist haisi Kerch uye mune mamwe maguta achida kushanyira nhare Kerch. Sei nayo iyi? First unofanira kuwana, chokwadi, kuguta Kerch. The zvikuru yokuita nzira yokuita izvi - bhazi kuti anobva Simferopol.

Interesting zvinhu pamusoro nhare Yenikale

Pamwe nhare Kerch muCrimea, pane zvakawanda zvimwe chinozikamwa zvenhoroondo nzvimbo. Vamwe vari riri pamhenderekedzo. Pakati pevaya - Yenikale nhare Kerch. It kunobva zvakawanda zviremera hweOttoman Empire, uyo muridzi Crimea asati atamire muguta Russian Empire. Nehasha Yenikale nhare Kerch yakavakwa mukupera rechi17 - wezana remakore rechi18. Facility zita anoshandura kuti Turkish sezvo "Castle itsva". Fort iri zvakananga mumiganhu Kerch.

Yenikale akanga anazvo kubudikidza Russia, uyewo muguta Kerch, kubva 1774. Zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi19 chivako kushanda akarasika kukosha mune zvatinoita kushandiswa zvechiuto. Muna 1835, nhare yaiva muchipatara rechiuto, uyo akashanda kusvikira 1880. Pashure paizvozvo, kuvakwa kare nokushingaira kushandiswa. Munguva kurwa Kukuru Patriotic War munzvimbo yacho Turkish nhare vakanga vachirwa Soviet Zvikepe. Muna 1944 vakakwanisa kukusunungurirai runoenzanirana chikamu guta kubva nechisimba German.

Chii dzinonakidza zvinhu zvinogona kucherechedzwa pamusoro nhare Yenikale? Somuenzaniso, zvinozivikanwa kuti kuvakwa yaro akapindwa mainjiniya kubva muItari France. Zvinonzi hapana tsaona akasarudzwa, sezvo vamwe vaongorori vanodavira kuti nzvimbo wenhare - pamberi pfira zvenguruve. Chokwadi kuti kupfuura Zvikepe akaramba mukana kufambisa, uye riri pamahombekombe ari atirari aigona kunotutirwa navo nyore. Sezvo necheshure Turkish mauto vaigona kushandisa Taman yemauto.

Yenikale Fortress ane chimiro pedyo quadrangle. Pakutanga, sechivako masvingo aro pamwechete aripo maumbirwo kwemeno. Nhare yakanga ine imwe nomugero. Kutaura huru chikamu Peninsula inopiwa mumigwagwa matatu. Chokutanga - kubva Kerch, wechipiri - kubva kuchamhembe-mabvazuva nhungamiro, wechitatu - pamusoro chikamu Dzhankoy.

Zvino nomunharaunda wechivako ndiyo yakazova - kubva Kerch kusvika chikepe. mashandiro aro, maererano Masvomhu zvemainjiniya, anogona kukonzera zvinokosha kukuvara munhare, iyo kare pasi zvikuru kukuvara munguva yehondo. Saka, zviri kutarisirwa kuti pashure pakuvaka bhiriji dzaibatanidza Krasnodar nharaunda uye kuCrimea, ari runoenzanirana njanji mutsetse yapera, uye kufamba nezvitima - akamirira hombe hunde.

Kana tichida kushanyira Yenikale nhare Kerch, sei naye? mamiriro ichi riri chinhambwe 11 km kubva nechepakati chemabhazi pamusoro Kerch. Unogona kusvika nayo, sezvo nezvechisarudzo, imwe chomuruki bhazi iyo kunosvika kubva bhazi kugungwa chikepe. Chivako ichi uye nhare Kerch vari kure kwazvo - anenge 15 km kubudikidza mugwagwa, anenge 10 km - nemugungwa. Yenikale riri kumabvazuva nezvebasa chikamu Kerch, taidzidza pamusoro nhare - kumaodzanyemba. Zvivako Vose vari riri pamhenderekedzo.

Nokuti vashanyi vakawanda waivapo musiyano iri kure pakati zvinhu - kwete nechiidzo, uye vanofara kuti zvinobatana kushanyira zvivako zviviri kupinda chimwe chirongwa. Fort Yenikale uye Kerch, avete pamhenderekedzo, zvakafanana ndechokuti vaviri - rakasiyana nemamwe nzvimbo chenhau netsika nhaka Russia. vafambi vazhinji siya netsanangudzo Category paIndaneti nezvikumbaridzo, tenda kuti munhu anosarudza kuongorora zvinokwezva zvenyika Kerch Peninsula, zvakakodzera kushanyira vose nhare.