Kisloshivochnoe mafuta: teknolojia yekubudisa, kuravira, GOST

Kubudiswa kwemishonga yezvokudya nemapirisa uye prophylactic zvinhu chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha mumabhizimisi ezvikudya zvemazuva ano. Chimwe chikamu chikuru chezvigadzirwa izvi ndezvikafu, umo kazhinji idzi dzimba idzi dzinoumbwa nekubatsira kwezvidimbu zvakasiyana-siyana. Zvisinei, mazuva ano maitiro epasi pose pane nzvimbo yekutanga ndeyemhuka, iyo inonyanya kukosha kune zvigadzirwa zvemucheka.

Kunyanya kukoshesa kunobhadharwa nehutu, iyo yakareba kwemakore akawanda ichireva kusaruramisira kunokonzera kuipa kwehutano hwevanhu. Kuwanikwa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvevamwe mafuta acid, izvo zvinowanzoenderana nemafuta emukaka, zvakashandurwa kugadzirisa kukosha kwamafuta kubva pamafuta emhuka mukudya kwevanhu. Kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwemaitiro emakwenzi emishonga emakwenzi, mukaka wakaoma wemukaka wakawana humwe hunokosha hwehutano hwehutano hwevanhu uye hwava chikamu chinokosha chezvokudya zvizhinji, kusanganisira vakwegura.

Mafuta ehutori uye chikamu chake

Ichi chigadzirwa chinosarudzwa maererano nekugadzirira kwayo uye makemikari. Muchidimbu chemazuva ano kwemafuta emhando idzi dzinoratidzika:

• Sweet-cream yakagadzirwa kubva pasteurized cream. Iyi teknolojia yekubudisa bhotora inofungidzirwa yakawanda kwazvo. Ichi chigadzirwa chinokwana 85% yehuwandu wehuwandu.
• Mafuta eAidhi anogadzirwa kubva pasteurized yakabikwa. Pamusana pezvinhu zvinonhuhwirira-zvinogadzira zvinhu uye lactic acid, chigadzirwa ichi chine mhando yakasviva-mukaka kunhu uye kunhuhwirira.
• Vologda - chigadzirwa chekakisi yakanyanyisa (97-98 ° C), kufanana kwemavara matsvuku, maitiro akafanana, epurasitiki nemafuta anorehwa uye zvinonhuwira. Iyo inobudiswa nenzira yekugogodza pasi yakakura-mafuta cream.
• Ultralight, kana amateur . Iko rudzi rwemafuta runoratidzwa nehuwandu hwemafuta uye huwandu hwehuwandu hwemvura.
• Kuchengetedza . Iyo inobudiswa kubva mumuchero, iyo inowanikwa nekuparadzanisa whey.
• Zvisiyana, vanoparadzanisa michero yakaisvonaka nemiti yakasiyana-siyana , yakadai sezvibereko nemishu berry, cocoa, uchi, vanillin.

Iyo yose yakashongedzwa yemafuta yakagadzirwa inobatanidzwa mumapoka maviri makuru: munyu - (mafuta anotapira kana omucheka) akabikwa nehuwandu hwemunyu, uye asingatauriki, pamwe chete, pasina kuwedzera. Munyu unoitawo sekuchengetedza, asi zvayo hazvifaniri kudarika mazana maviri kubva muhuwandu huwandu. Kusiyana, kuwirirana kwemumiri kunotongwa. Zvinoda zvehutano zvakagadzirirwa muGOST. Butter mumakambani emazuva ano inomiririrwawo nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvinhu zvakakosha:

• Mixed-with the addition of olive oil (sunflower, olive, soybean).
• Low-fat.
• Yakagadziriswa, yakabva pamukaka wehupfu.

Zviratidzo zvemuori wakaoma

Cream yekuti chigadzirwa ichocho chisati chaviriswa pane zvimwe zviitiko - biochemical (biochemical) kusimwa. Kuti kugadzirire kutanga, tsika dzakachena dze lactic acid mabhakitiriya anoshandiswa. Mukugadzirwa kwekutsvaira, kupiswa kwekaka shuga kunoitika. Somugumisiro, lactic acid inoumbwa, asidi yechinja chemalasma, uye zvinonhuwira (diacetyl, zvinodhaka zvinodhaka uye ether) zvinowedzera.

Kukura kweiyo yekisi yemusvuru wakaoma kunopa chigadzirwa chakapedzwa kunhu hwakasiyana uye kunhuhwirira. Kushandiswa kweprobiotic lactic acid tsika kunoita kuti zvikwanise kutonga mafuta ekunyorwa kwekugadzira, kuwedzera muwandu weasaturated mafuta acids, zvichiita kudya kwemafuta kunosvibisa uye kunobatsira muviri.

Nzira dzehutachiona hwekugadziriswa kwekamu

Biological cream kusimwa kunogona kuitika munzira nhatu:

• Zvakare . Muchiitiko ichi, pasteurized uye yakakonzerwa cream yakakonzerwa neinoviriswa muhuwandu hwe2-5% wehuwandu huwandu. Mari yacho inobva pane basa rayo uye mafuta ane chibereko chemukaka. Iyo inoshandiswa inoitwa pahutambo hwe16-20 ° C. Kuchengetedza kunopfuurira kusvikira kudiwa acidity kuchikwira, mushure mokunge kamurosi yasara kumusanganiswa mumuviri.
• Short . Apo iyo nzira inoshandiswa, iyo inogadzirwa inogadzirwa mushure mekugadzirwa kwemuviri wekrimu. Iyo asidi yezinga inodiwa inogadziriswa nehuwandu hwevirings yakawedzerwa.
• Yakasiyana nenzira yekamuti yakabereka. Inosanganisira kuiswa kwembiriso zvakananga muhutatu hwemafuta kana ichishandiswa. Kushanda lactic acid mabhakitiriya inobudirira mu plasma yemafuta aripo mumazuva ekutanga uye kudzivirira kukurudzirwa kwei microflora yekunze. Chikamu chakakura chetakatanga starter chiri 2.5-3.5%. Iyi nzira inowanzoshandiswa mumabhizimisi ezvekudya, sezvo inonyanya kubudirira mukubika. Nenzira iyi, mararamiro ehuchigadzirwa anowedzera, ruzivo rwaro uye unhu hunovandudzwa hunovandudzwa, hupfumi hunofadza hunovandudzwa, uye zvibereko zvinowedzera.

Teknolojia yekugadzirwa kwemafuta anovava

Kuti uwane rudzi urwu rwezvakagadzirwa, imwe nzvimbo yekisi yemafuta makumi matatu ezana makumi matatu (35%) yehuwandu inogadzirwa pasteurized pakushambidza kwe 90-95 degrees ne nguva yekutsvaga kwemaminitsi gumi. Mushure mezvo, iyo yakakonzerwa nekisi yakasara mumabhati ekushambidzika ekugadzirisa muviri. Zvinhu zvakapedzerwa zvinopisa kumhepo inoda kudiwa uye kuputirwa muhomwe muumbi. Muchidimbu chinowanikwa munhengo yekubatanidza bifidobacteria, mbiriso yezvitsva zvakachena nemafuta emichero. Musanganiswa wacho unogadzirwa wakanyatsosanganiswa kwemaminitsi mashanu kusvika kuchitsigiri che30-32 ° C. Chigadzirwa chakapedzwa chavanzwa uye chakazara. Zvinotendwa kuti bhotela yakanakisisa inowanikwa pakugadzirira mukaka wakajeka munaFebruary nemakumbo akadzikiswa.

Chiravira chaicho chemafuta anonhuwira

Muchero wakasvibirira wakagadzirwa kubva kune sweet-cream anogue ane chimiro chinofadza-mukaka kunonaka uye kunhuhwirira. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuvapo kwemagetsi emagetsi emakorikari anowanikwa muzvingwa uye mafuta pachake, yakaumbwa panguva yekuibva. Pakupedzisira, kushambadzira kwezvakaberekwa kwaiitwa nekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakasikwa zvemukaka wakachena uripo mune microflora yake. Mukugadzirwa kwemazuva ano, kamuti yefuta yakaoma is pasteurized, uye kubereka kunoitwa nekubatsirwa kwemaitiro akasiyana-siyana akasiyana-siyana emakiromita, ayo anobvumira kuchinja maitiro.

Zvinoda kuve mafuta anooma-mukaka. GOST

Maererano nendima 53 yeGOST, british cream R 52738-2007, ukamu hwakasvibirira rudzi rwemafuta anobudiswa kubva pasteurized cream nekuiswa kwe lactic acid microorganisms. Iyo acidity ye plasma inobva 26 kusvika ku55. Kubatana kwemafuta anonhuwira pakushambidza kwe 10-12 ° C kunofanira kuva yakaoma uye yakaenzana. Paunenge uchicheka, nzvimbo inofanira kunge yakajeka zvishoma, inenge yakaoma, uye iduku duku imwe chete yamadonhwe emhepo. Ruvara runoparadzaniswa kubva kune chena kusvika kuchena kwemavara, yunifomu muhuwandu hwose. Mafuta ehutu, kusanganisira kirimu yakasvibirira, inobva ku50% kusvika ku85% yakabatanidzwa.

Health product

Mafuta eAidhi ave chigadzirwa chemagariro munyika dzakawanda pasi rose. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, pane tsika yekuderedza asidi ye plasma, iyo inoratidzwa nekuderera kwechimiro chinoratidzika chinonaka. Munzvimbo dzakawanda iyo inobatanidza nekushandiswa kweiyi-mukaka wakasviba-mkaka nezvokudya uye utano hwakanaka.