Kusunungurwa Odessa muna 1944. April 10 - zuva kusunungurwa Odessa

The payakatora Odessa rwakatora mazuva 907. Panguva ino, richiuraya makumi ezviuru vanhuwo zvavo uye masoja. Vakawanda kutiza kwete chete kubva vanopinda nechisimba, asiwo kune vaya vakatora kurutivi muvengi, uye vakava munyaya vakawanda mhosva zvavo vagari.

Kusunungurwa Odessa akabvumira kuti agumise zvakaitwa occupiers. It zvakaitika murwendo March-April 1944 uye ainzi Odessa kushanda kuti yaiva cheefa inogumbura kufamba nemauto eSoviet.

Odessa oparesheni

Muperekedzei akavhiyiwa uto 3rd wokuUkraine mberi, vachitsigirwa ne okuwedzera nemauto. Iye ndokuraira RJ Malinowski. Chinangwa oparesheni kwaiva kukunda mauto muvengi romumhenderekedzo yegungwa boka kuti dzirambe pakati Southern Bug uye Dniester. Uye kuregedza Sea Black mhenderekedzo neguta Odessa. Dzakaitisa Dnieper-Carpathian tsamwisa 12/24/1943 pamusoro 17/04/1994. The zuva kusunungurwa Odessa akapinda iyi kurwisa yeSoviet.

Mamiriro pamberi oparesheni

Odessa aitoita muna October 1941, mauto eGermany-Romanian. By January 1944 Red Army akatanga kushanda kwayo maererano nako murayiro German vakasarudza kubvisa Odessa Romanian Kutarisirwa upinde muguta mauto ake. Izvi zvakaita kuti vakawanda kusungwa uye vaiurayiwa. On mapango nemiti akaturika mitumbi vanhu kwemazuva anoverengeka.

Odessa rusununguko rwevakadzi chakaitwa kuti chokwadi chokuti Red Army akakwanisa kusvika pamhenderekedzo Southern Bug uye anopamba German kuyambuka zvinobvira kuvonga. Nokuti Wehrmacht abate kuti Odessa chengarava raiva zvikuru inokosha kukosha, rubatsiro kwayo kukurukurirana kubatikana Crimea nekuti pamwe.

The zuva kusunungurwa Odessa akanga vavanogara kuburikidza kusikwa yakasimba German kuzvidzivirira. Kuti vaite izvi, vakashandisa yakare kuzvidzivirira Soviet mauto, uyo muna 1941 vakakwanisa kubata guta kwemwedzi miviri nehafu kubva pamukova muvengi wake.

Mauto vemapato

Odessa rusununguko rwevakadzi kwaikosha kwazvo Soviet Union, sezvo zvainge tirasikirwe vokuGermany mukana kuti anotakura simba ravo kubudikidza chiteshi. The oparesheni varwi vanenge zviuru 470 vaiita. In yavo yakanga anopfuura 400 Matangi uye kuzvidzora propelled pfuti, 12,000 pfuti uye mumaturi, vanopfuura 400 ndege. Vazhinji vanhu nezvombo vaiva 3rd kuUkraine Front.

Odessa rusununguko rwevakadzi vaisagona kudzivisa mauto eGermany uye Romanian, vakaita zvose kuzvidzivisa. Uwandu mauto akanga masoja zvuru 350. Vaiva chikamu mapoka German uye Rumanian. Nekuti vakatora unyanzvi Matangi 160 uye zvokushandisa, anopfuura matatu zviuru mumaturi uye anoshongwa. Aviation kwaisanganisira 400 ndege German uye 150 ndege Romania.

Nokuti mauto chikuru kudzivirira vakatanga rwizi mabhanga (chikuru Southern Bug uye Dniester, Tiligul duku uye nevamwe). The Center iri simba kudzivirira uye Odessa pacharo, iro dzimba kuti "Führer kuti Fortress."

Kunetsana of Red Army kubva Wehrmacht vakanga pfungwa sezvinotevera:

• muna Odessa, Nikolaev, Berezovka akaisa dzehondo uye atirari;
• pamwe nzizi, bays, lagoons iri inifanduri;
• pamusoro kumadokero pamhenderekedzo Southern Bug uye kumativi Odessa minefields uye zvipingamupinyi zvakasikwa.

chikuru zviitiko

Kusunungurwa Odessa muna 1944 vakatanga pamwe kumanikidza of Southern Bug River. Hondo 3rd Ukrainian Front, pavaifanira mauto Wehrmacht neRomania. Muvhiki yokutanga March mauto eSoviet vakakwanisa kuuya pamahombekombe erwizi. By March 18, zvakatanga kuyambuka ari Southern Bug, kwakaitika nokururama nokukurumidza uye dzakaguma 28th. Nekuchinja zvinhu vokuGermany vakanga akasagadzirira, uye Ukrainian mauto yakatanga hapana mberi zvishoma nokukurumidza nechokumaodzanyemba.

Pashure kutamira mhiri koRwizi, mauto eSoviet musi iwoyo akavasunungurira Nikolaev. Izvi zvakaita kuti chokwadi kuti mauto eGermany rakamanikidzwa uchatanga shure, uye kusunungurwa Odessa kubva yechiFascist nechisimba akava dambudziko chaiyo.

Pakazosvika April, muvengi airarama, akaita ivepo kuzvitutumadza kudzora USSR yemapurisa Separate uye Ochakov.

By April 9, masoja Soviet akazviratidza ari kuchamhembe mumaruwa Odessa. Pausiku 9 kusvika 10 April yakaitwa usiku kurwisa iri pamwe chete vemo partisans, uye mangwanani guta vasunungurwa. Kurwisa Next akaenda kumavirira, nenzira iri Dniester.

Ukrainian Front akakwanisa kupfuura pamusoro kuruboshwe kumahombekombe Dniester River osunungura Transnistria, Moldova. Panguva ino vanhu vokuGermany vakarasika anenge 37,000 masoja, vamwe vacho vakanga vaurayiwa mukurwa, uye vamwe akabatwa.

Zvokukura kusunungurwa Odessa nharaunda

Kusunungurwa Odessa 1944 haana kugara muguta. Kubva nechisimba German-Romanian anobvisa munharaunda yose.

Nzendo kuti kusunungurwa nzvimbo:

1. On March 5 kusvika 22 vakabata uman-botoşani tsamwisa, izvo zvakazoita vakanga unonyangadzwa kuchamhembe nyika Odessa.
2. Kubva March 6 kusvika 18 pakupera Bereznegovatoe Snigirevskaya-oparesheni yave akayambuka Southern Bug. Odessa akatanga pokuvhiyiwa, kwakaitika kubva 28 March 10 April. Next August akauya tactical kumbomira ari inogumbura.
3. Kubva 20 kusvika 29 August ari Iasi-Kishinev oparesheni recaptured Izmail nharaunda, inova chikamu Odessa nhasi.

Kusunungurwa guta

Zvinonzi nechakare kuti musi April 10 - zuva kusunungurwa Odessa. Kuti ichi zvichibvira, zvikuru kuitwa akaitwa. The muvengi akakwanisa kuvaka simba kudzivirira, achishandisa kunzwisisa dzinongoitika nomunzvimbo dzine, mvura njodzi. Mukuwedzera, panguva ino yakanga dzakakura nokuvatema ekunze, izvo kudziviswa kuwana guta mumugwagwa.

Yakatanga Nzira kuguta kubva 4 April. Mauto eSoviet akayambuka nzendo zvose mvura njodzi, iyo yaisanganisira Tiligul, Adzhalskogo, Big Adzhalskogo estuaries. By April 9 zvikamu akasvika kuchamhembe kweguta, uye kurwisa akatanga muna Odessa, yaiitwa panguva imwe chete munyika, gungwa uye mhepo.

Kana varindi vakapinda chikamu Odessa, vakatanga hondo dzinotyisa kumba ose, urwo rwakatora usiku hwose. Pakazosvika mangwanani yaApril 10, kurwisana yakasvika mumigwagwa guta nechepakati. Vachisimudza pamusoro dhanzi imba mureza wenyika Red Army rava chiratidzo chii guta vakasunungurwa. Vachikanganisa kuvhiyiwa uku, paiva nezviuru zvemasoja akafa uye vanhuwo zvavo vakanga vasingagoni kuona kurukundo pamusoro Fascism.

Risingakanganwiki nzvimbo Odessa

Odessa rusununguko rwevakadzi (April 10, 1944) kunooneka zhinji mabhuku, netsamba, anonzi. Muguta pane Zvivako zhinji uye zvirangaridzo yakatsaurirwa chiitiko ichi.

zvisakamboonekwa Major vavo nzvimbo:

• RJ Monument Malinowski mupaki mumugwagwa kushanduka chitarisiko;
• chirangaridzo "Victory Nemapapiro" riri nzvimbo 10 ndipo April;
• nzvimbo risingakanganwiki (Melnitskaya Street, Building 31), apo gore 04.09.1944 partisans vakakunda shongwe mauto German;
• asingakanganwiki nzvimbo (padare chitarisiko, imba 77), apo 02/03/1944, akakuvadzwa VD Avdeev;
• vakawanda guva (Tiraspol mugwagwa) nokuti varwi gumi vakanga vakafa panguva kusunungurwa 04.10.1944, guta pamwechete rake mukuru Gavrikov;
• vakawanda guva chete obelisk (Shkodova Mountain) pakuyeuka 56 vakaurayiwa fascism, izvo akapfura kuenda kuri 09.04.1944 makore;
• MM guva Bad panguva fairground paki.

migwagwa Odessa ari kukudzwa liberators

April 10 (zuva kusunungurwa Odessa) kuti asingakanganwiki vazhinji hwose. Kuti kukudza kuyeuka liberators muguta, mumigwagwa vanonzi vavatevere.

Mazita varwi, vachikudza vacho ainzi dzomumusha Odessa:

• VD Avdeev-Black (Kiev nharaunda);
• MI Nedelin (Kiev nharaunda);
• VD Tsvetayev (Ilichevsky nharaunda);
• II Shvygin (Seaside nharaunda);
• IA Pliev (Ilichevsky nharaunda);
• NF Red (Kiev nharaunda);
• VI Chuykov (Kiev nharaunda).