Ndivo Roma Ndiani? Mabviro "shamisa muEgipita"

Muna XIV-XV emakore. muEurope maiva runochengeta vanhu inozivikanwa vechiGypsy, mavambo, mutauro uye mararamiro anenge refu yakaramba isingazivikanwi. madzitateguru avo vakasiya nhoroondo yakanyorwa, kuti kwakabva vanhu paiva vakasiyana chaizvo zvokufungidzira. Aifunga kuti vakatongerwa husingaperi kutsvakatsvaka, uye ane yoga budiriro.

VechiGypsy vakapararira munyika yose. Vanogona kuwanika ose kondinendi, asi ikoko hazvipindiri nevamwe vanhu. Kunyange uwandu Roma haana nguva dzose panzvimbo dzimwe nyika. Kwakabva Roma kazhinji akaedza kutsanangura penga dzidziso, achivaona vakaburuka vaIjipiti vekare, vaJudha German, nezvokuvaka kunyange vagari kunozivikanwa Atlantis.

The chidzoke kwehondo nezvimwe dzidziso kuita kuti pave kubva undeveloped nyaya dzakaoma kuti ethnography uye nhoroondo Kudeuka vashoma boka muEurope dzinza, rinova Roma. Kwakabva vanhu auya shanduro dzinokosha pasi matatu. Dzidziso Asian Midzi dzakatsigira Anri De Sponda kuti akabatanidza Roma ane Ages kechitendero attingan. Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzakabatanidza ichi kuvanhu Asia Minor sigginov rudzi, yakataurwa vekare vanyori Strabo, Herodotus nevamwe. Pfungwa kwakabva muIjipiti aiva mumwe tanga, izvozvo zvakatanga muna XV remakore. Uye wokutanga Roma pachavo vakawarira ngano idzi chakasvika Europe. Shanduro iyi inotsigira nyanzvi Chirungu nharo kuti Roma munzira kuenda Europe vakashanyira nyika mapiramidhi, apo nezivo yavo dzakadururwa uye nounyanzvi mumunda Chinyorwa nounyanzvi, kushopera uye nyeredzi.

Dzidziso Indian mavambo wamuka pakati XVIII remakore. The Hwaro Shanduro iyi yaiva kufanana pakati mutauro Indian uye mutauro akataurwa Roma. Mabviro vanhu shanduro iyi ikozvino kunenge kwose kugamuchirwa. Zvakandiomera ndiwo mubvunzo localization kuIndia madzitateguru Roma uye nguva chaiyo buda kwavo munyika.

The unoreva zvakawanda pamusoro anokonzera kwaita vanhu nguva dzose zvakanyatsobatana tsanangudzo rokuti "Roma", pakabva zita Kazhinji kwete somunhu dzinza uyewo pasocial chinoshamisa. Akasiyana-siyana anotaura zita "Roma" rinoshandiswa evanhu mapoka vokuparidzira, vachirarama vadzingi upenyu, ayo kuburikidza zvakafanana zvinhu inozivikanwa zvinhu tsika uye yakananga nzira yokuwana chokurarama nacho, akadai nokuvuka, rwokugadzira diki, nziyo uye vachitamba, achikumbira, uye vamwe.

Zvechokwadi, Roma, waMosesi rakazogarwazve munyika, asiri yunifomu waro sezvamunoita, uye hazvisi nyore nguva dzose kunzwisisa kukuru kusiyana navo sei. Vari akakamurwa dzinoverengeka emadzinza, ayo kusiyaniswa basa, tumitauro nezvimwe omunharaunda mumarudzi ose netsika maitiro. runochengeta chinyakare yavo haigoni sechinoitika kubva kudanana imwe mhando kuchinja nzvimbo kana rambling vasina chinangwa madzungairiro. Mararamiro yavanhu kwaibva kwezvikonzero zvemari. Zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti nguva dzose kutarira rokutengesa misika reTabhori nyanzvi dzokugadzira, mumwe vateereri itsva zvesimba ravo.

Ethno-tsika vokukurukura imwe boka Roma pamwe yakapoteredza vanogara zvakakonzera dzinoverengeka zvikwereti. An dzinonakidza Chokwadi ndechokuti Roma havasi kuenda kusiya nzvimbo vakawanda, kunyange kurova kumbonyanya zvisingafadzi. ezvinhu. Zvinozivikanwa kuti munyika dzakawanda vakatambudzwa. Asi kunyange mukati chehurongwa mhirizhonga, pane yose madzinza, akakwanisa kurarama. Izvi mutsvina yadzo muSpain, Sinti muGermany, trevelers muEngland.

Apo Catholic West iri kwaita Roma kwakaguma kuitwa mitemo yavo nhapwa Byzantium hazvina kugamuchirwa nomutemo chakadai. Zvinonzi chaizvo chaizvo mhizha, vanatenzi nesimbi kubudiswa, vanhu mutariri sayenzi zvemashiripiti, anodzidzisa mhuka.

MuRussia, kuti chidzoke idzva marudzi ose vechiGypsy aishamwaridzana pakuwedzera mundima. Muna 1783, maererano nomurau Catherine II Russian Roma dzaiendeswa kuna murimi mudiki kirasi, vakarayirwa kuti apomere pamitero zvakakodzera. On chikumbiro, vari zvakare vabvumirwe ndivanaMesiya pachavo uye kune mamwe matunhu asi vanokudzwa. Saka, nokuda kuguma XIX remakore pakati achitengesa uye Bourgeois makirasi vaiva vazhinji vechiGypsy Russian.

Muzana XIX remakore paiva rakadzikama basa kusangana aibva kuRoma muna Russia, nyaya dzavo panzvimbo zvachose, nokuda kuvandudzika mari zvakanaka dzavo. Natural artistry, izvo zvakawanda chaizvo akasiyana siyana, pfungwa zvechokwadi kune vanhu ava. kumabasa Russian, kwakaitwa Roma, vakatodzidza yakasiyana ruvara. Paiva Genre yechiGypsy dzorudo yakavakirwa Vanyori Russian uye vadetembi, vaneshungu pamusoro tsika iyi. It akatanga kuonekwa paiva vemifananidzo ounyanzvi.