Nemishonga maringe tembiricha

Mumwe hunhu electrically conductive zvinhu chero - nemishonga iyi maringe tembiricha. Kana achimiririrwa Girafu riri rimwe batanidza mundege, apo nguva zvikamu vanoiswa chiratidzo chinjikira akabatana (T), uye hunyambiri - kukosha ohmic nemishonga (R), zvino isu tinowana wakaputsika mutsetse. The tembiricha kutsamira kurwisa schematically ine zvikamu zvitatu. Wokutanga unoenderana chiduku kupisa - nguva nemishonga iyi inoshanduka zviduku. Izvi zvinoitika imwe pfungwa, pashure iyo mutsetse uri girafu ndokukwira zvinoshamisa - ndiro zano wechipiri. Chechitatu, zvapedzisira zvinoriumba - iri akananga rinopfuurira kumusoro kubva pana iyo akamira R urefu, pane imwe kona zviduku kune chinjikira akabatana.

Zvinoreva girafu ichi muviri zvinotevera: nemishonga tembiricha kutsamira pane muitisi kunorondedzerwa nyore Linear mukana wokuti vanhu vanga sokuvapo kudziyisa uwandu asingadi kusapfuudza zvimwe ukoshi tsika iyi kunyanya zvinhu. Pano abstrakti muenzaniso: Kana pa + 10 ° C zvinhu nemishonga iri 10 ohms, ipapo 40 ° C kukosha R hakuzochinji, vasara mumamiriro yakayerwa kukanganisa. Asi kunyange panguva 41 ° C kusvetuka ari kurwisa uchasimuka 70 ohms. Kana imwe kuwedzera tembiricha haangavi kumira, nokuti mumwe nekutambira madhigirii vachawa kwemimwezve 5 ohms.

pfuma iyi zvinowanzoshandiswa siyana magetsi mano, saka kukonzera mashoko pamusoro mhangura somumwe rakajairika zvinhu mu dzemagetsi michina. Saka, kuti kupisa yemhangura kondakita nomumwe okuwedzera dhigirii kuwedzera kurwisa kunoita kuti hafu muzana wakananga ukoshi (kuwanikwa muna Zvinyorwa matafura, zvinoiswa 20 ° C, Chikamu 1 mm² 1 mamita refu).

Panguva chiitiko ane esimbi kondakita electromotive simba EMF anooneka Magetsi - rinotungamirirwa kufamba zvokutanga nezvimedu pamwe mutariri. Ions varipo vari nodes pakati ari crystalline yekamuri ose simbi, haagoni kubata refu maerekitironi avo dzokunze kutenderera, saka vanokwanisa kufamba takasununguka ose vhoriyamu zvinobva rimwe raiva pedyo nebundu kune mumwe. Izvi sangano chibhubhubhu kunokonzerwa zvokunze simba - kupisa.

Kunyange zvazvo chokwadi kufamba aripo, haisi kunangidzirwa, zvisinei haana sechinoitika ano. Kana yemagetsi munda maerekitironi nezvatinovavarira maererano ayo configuration, pova rinotungamirirwa sangano. Asi sezvo chafariz mugumisiro haana kubviswa, asi randomly zvinofamba nezvimedu dhumhana romumunda rinotungamirirwa. The kutsamira pamusoro nemishonga ine simbi pamwe tembiricha kunoratidza chitsama kukanganiswa kuti chikamu ano. The yepamusoro tembiricha, dzakanga dziri R kondakita.

The pachena mhedziso: kuderedza mwero kudziyisa zvingaderedzwa uye nemishonga. Superconductivity (anenge 20 ° K) chete dzinoratidzwa chinokosha rutapudzo pamusoro chafariz runobva inofamba pakati nezvimedu mukati fuma.

Funga ehupfumi ari conductive zvinhu iri zvinowanzoshandiswa zvemagetsi mapurani. Somuenzaniso, kutsamira pane muitisi kuramba ari tembiricha kushandiswa zvemagetsi sensors. Kuziva kukosha kwayo kuti imwe zvinhu inogona kugadzirwa thermistor, batanidza kuti digital kana analoginen kuverenga mudziyo, kuita zvakakodzera grading pakafunuka uye rakashandiswa serimwe rinogona kutsiva basa nemekiyuri lämpömittari. At mwoyo zvikuru ano chafariz sensors vakaisa chaizvo musimboti ichi, nekuti kuvimbika yakakwirira, uye nyore kugadzira.

Uyezve, tembiricha kutsamira kurwisa kudziyisa runoita kuverenga injini windings.