Westminster Castle, Lutsk: tsananguro, nhoroondo, zvinokwezva uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Castle pakati Westminster - chiratidzo chikuru weguta Lutsk, inomiririra simba Volyn nharaunda. Uyu ndiwo mumwe mukuru uye kupfuura nemisasa muUkraine, iro inoremekedzwa pakutanga ari kureva kuti "7 Zvinoshamisa Ukraine". Unozviti ane nhoroondo anonakidza, zvinoshamisa mapurani, zvinoshamisa pakusimba, guru wemabhuku mabhero yekare, knightly Tournaments uye zvakawanda. Nhare waikudzwa kuti kumiririrwa mu 200-Hryvnia mari.

Westminster Castle munhoroondo

To musi, ane mazita matatu: Lutsk (rakajairika), Upper (sezvo uri Lutsk imwe hafu-vashatisa - Lower), uye Westminster.

Castle rakaumbwa muna XI remakore Rurik. In yaMakoronike ake kokutanga inotaurwa 1075, apo Castle akapikisa Kukomba varwi Boleslaw ari AKASHINGA urwo rwakatora 6 mwedzi. Pakutanga, zvakanga remuti nhare zviduku. Raiva pachitsuwa wakakomberedzwa marshes. chinzvimbo zvakanaka kwakadaro akapa wehondo zvakanakira ari kunorwa nechisimba. Munguva kubva 1340 kusvika 1350 makore apo kumicheto mitemo Volyn Lyubart Gediminovich (mwanakomana mukwambo Galicia-Volyn Prince Andrei Yurevich II), Castle yavakwazve zvachose zvidhinha. masvingo New vakanga chakavakwa vakakomba yakare, zvakawedzera nzvimbo okuvaka. Mukuwedzera, vakakomba Castle wakawedzera mvura pamwero, dzichiisa chaiyo dhamu. A drawbridge chinokosha chakaitwa apfuure mugoronga.

Pakupera ari XIV remakore rakazoshandiswa simba Duke Vytautas, uyo akaita Lutsk wokumaodzanyemba guta guru Grand Duchy pakati Lithuania. Pasi pake guta raibudirira uye akava enyika, zvechitendero uye administrative simba pakati Volyn nharaunda, uye Westminster aiva pepa rehurukuro wenhare, zvaakanga ane nhasi. Zviri Castle muchinda yamambo muna 1429, mumwe Congress of European madzimambo. Raiva mubvunzo Europe kudzivirira hweOttoman nechisimba uye nemamwe nyaya dzakawanda. Apo Vytautas akafa, Duke akava mukoma wake Svidrigaylo umo kugadzirisa zvakanga zvakakwana. Ndokusaka Lutsk yemauto kazhinji anonziwo Castle machinda matatu.

Kupikiswa pakukombwa

Zvinoshamisa Westminster Castle muna Lutsk nhasi uri mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka, pasinei nokuti panguva yayo kare, iye akapukunyuka sieges zhinji. Mushure Boleslaw ari AKASHINGA Detinets yematanda muna 1149 akaedza kubvuta Rostov-Suzdal uye Kiev Prince Yuri Dolgoruky, uye gare gare chete gore kunokomba nhare akaronga Galician muchinda Vladimir Vladimirovich. Makore mashanu akazotevera, nechinangwa chete chakaitwa mukoma wake - Yaroslav. makore 100 gare gare, muna 1255, panguva Lutsk Castle Lyuberta vakarwisa Golden gavhuna Kuremsa. Akanga asiri wokupedzisira, uyo akaedza kuparadza yemapuranga Detinets.

Mushure kugadzirisa rwawo rwematombo wenhare kuedza kukunda Polish madzimambo: Casimir muna 1349 uye Jagiello muna 1431, uye Omani Prince Sigismund muna 1436.

Tsika Chokudzivirira wenhare vaMambo Jagiello

Apo mambo Polish akaedza kubvuta uye kutora Volyn Westminster Castle kukombwa, pashure anotyisa kurwisana, Castle achiri kupikisa yakakuwandira uye nokudzivirira kuzvimirira enyika. Maererano nengano, kwete chete rakavimbika wakakombwa nevanozvitsigira zvakabatsira kuhwina, asi dzavo pachavo unyanzvi. Shure kwenguva uye kunetesa yokukomba, kana zvombo yakapera, vanhu veko vakasarudza catapult Poles zvitunha zvemhuka kuora. Under moto kubva mhuka kuvakafa Poles vachiri ichidzokera.

Gare gare, kushandiswa nhare

Lutsk Castle pakati Westminster vake nemagweta vakakwanisa kutsungirira kunyange nechisimba Tatars. Muna 1569, apo Ljubljana mubatanidzwa uye kuumbwa Rzeczpospolita, Castle akava youmambo dzokugara yave akagumisa. Pakazosvika XVII remakore nhare akatanga kurasikirwa mano ayo kuzvidzivirira. Panguva ino yemauto dzichengeterwe: kumatare, nguva yakagara bhishopu, Stationery, mamiriro mhuri. In ndima Membros nemisasa vaiva Latin uye Orthodox papurupiti, izvo zvakaita kuti tikwanise kusangana vanoremekedzwa vezvikwata zviviri zvitendero. A Lutsky Tribunal aiva nesimba kwete chete pamusoro Volyn, asiwo zvimwe enyika.

Kubva pakati pezana remakore XIX zvakaoma uye haana akatanga kusviba. Uye muna 1863, vakuru vakuru vakasarudza gujunura uye kutengesa sezvo chivakwa zvinhu. Kushanyira shongwe uye yakapoteredza rusvingo "akaenda pasi nenyundo" nokuda 373 rubles. Sezvineiwo, Castle haana nguva kuti atengese, nekuti muna 1864 ari Commission Kiev wairambidza kuparadzwa pamusoro zvakaoma. Asi Lower Castle kutarisira chikashanduka mugumo.

Muna 1870, iye ndokugara panhare moto bhurigedhi, akavaka pamusoro Vladycha shongwe dumba, rakanga inoitwa kudzora muguta. Muna 1918, musi nhandare wenhare yakavakwa ine yezhizha yemitambo nenhumbi yamatanda Kusviba uye vaenzi. Izvi zvinoratidza vanonzi "mifananidzo mhenyu", iyo panguva iyoyo vaionekwa zvose nehasha. Zvino paiva nomumwe rokutanga cinémas muna Lutsk.

Today Westminster Castle, kana Lutsk yemauto kare miziyamu uye National Monument.

shongwe

Kusimbisa Fortress ane chimiro isina mugari, triangle, mune imwe neimwe pakona neshongwe ndiyo: Away, Vladycha, Styrovaya. Kubva kumavirira neshongwe yaiva Outreach, izvo vanomutswa kuona guta kubva reshiri kutiza. shongwe zvinhu zvinoratidza akasiyana zvenhoroondo chokwadi. Somuenzaniso, musi mukuru France pamusoro huru nesuo, pane Maberere maviri. Kare, vaiva ndima umo zvaibvira kuti kubva drawbridge, anogarwa pamusoro pegomba. Today bricked namaberere uye zvatinosiita nesuo yakavakwa panzvimbo bhiriji.

Inside neshongwe pane mbiri zononoka masitepisi. Neshongwe ine dzakasiyana siyana, chimwe nechimwe dzimba kuratidzira rinodhindira yekare uye mifananidzo vakazvipira Castle ichi, uyewo zvenhaka mepu Volyn nharaunda. Pamusoro pauriri - ane kwemasimba matoyi akare, makiyi, hombodo nezvimwe zvinhu. In Vladycha shongwe zvakare rine pashoo wakayeriswa muguta uye nhare.

nzvimbo kuuraya

Asati Kushanyira shongwe muchivanze zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa kukombwa, uye kudzivirira, uyewo maturusi akasiyana-siyana, akachengetedzwa kubva kuMiddle Ages. Muzana XVI remakore yaiva nzvimbo kuurayiwa munharaunda ino, apo vanhu vakaurayiwa, kazhinji kuburikidza akagura musoro.

vamwe kuvaka

Panguva nhare vari: mugomba muchinda yamambo, wepurovhinzi pfuma uye neimba vanoremekedzwa vezvikwata matare. Zvishoma vakachengetedzwa sezvo Cathedral Ioanna Bogoslova, uyo aiva chechi yechiKristu yokutanga Lutsk. Zvinonzi pane akavigwa Prince Liubard.

Pedyo zvisaririra yetemberi iri kwemasimba kare usina kukonekita uye zvidhinha. Pano unogona kuona zvidhinha zvakasiyana hukuru uye mazera. Mune zvimwe zviitiko pane kunyange zvekare. Achiri muchivanze, unogona kuona zvasara emapuranga nezvivakwa navatana simbi zvinhu.

Westminster Castle zvakare inozivikanwa hombe wemabhuku mabhero yekare (chete muUkraine), kudhinda miziyamu uye kuunganidzwa zvombo.

Graffiti

Mumazana nokuvapo nhare vanhu vakasiya zvinyorwa zvizhinji pamusoro rayo divi. Kutaura zvazviri, zvose pamadziro pakati shongwe akafukidzwa mashoko akasiyana. Zvikurukuru ndiwo mazita evanhu uye misi. Mukuru rekodhi pamadziro Mikoko kubva 1444 gore. Zvinyorwa yokusafa siyana fonts uye calligraphy vytsarapyvaniya nzira. Pakati pavo vane akarekodhwa vanhu vakakurumbira vakadai sehanzvadzi Lesia Ukrainka, Olga Kosach kubva 1891.

mhedziso

Pano takasangana newe zvakadaro zvinonakidza uye zvinonakidza kukwezvana of Western Ukraine, sezvo Westminster Castle. Lutsk anogamuchira vaeni dzaro yakawanda nzvimbo dzinonakidza, pakati iyo, panzira, munewo vakasara Lower Castle. Asi Westminster Castle rakazonaka vashanyi zuva kubva 10:00 kusvika 18:00. Yokupinda ndiye OMR chete 10 (rubles anenge 25 Russian) kuti vakura uye OMR 2 (anenge 5 rubles.) Nokuti mwana. Asi vanoda kushanyira kushongwe uye kuteerera revashanyi, vachafanira kubhadhara 50 OMR (mukati 130 rubles.). Uyai Lutsk, uye kubata kare amaoko avo!